Mechanism of extracellular vesicles in the repair of intervertebral disc degeneration_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

ZHU Shengxu ,  LI Zhonghai

Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

Extracellular vesicles; Intervertebral disc degeneration; Mechanism; Intervertebral disc repair; Signaling pathway

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.202403046

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs), defined as cell-secreted nanoscale vesicles that carry bioactive molecules, have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in tumor and tissue regeneration. Their potential in repairing intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) through multidimensional regulatory mechanisms is a rapidly advancing field of research. This paper provided an overview of the mechanisms of EVs in IDD repair, thoroughly reviewed recent literature on EVs for IDD, domestically and internationally, and summarized their therapeutic mechanisms. In IDD repair, EVs could act through different mechanisms at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels. At the molecular level, EVs could treat IDD by inhibiting inflammatory reactions, suppressing oxidative stress, and regulating the synthesis and decomposition of extracellular matrix. At the cellular level, EVs could treat IDD by inhibiting cellular pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation and differentiation. At the tissue level, EVs could treat IDD by inhibiting neovascularization. EVs have a strong potential for clinical application in the treatment of IDD and deserve more profound study.

Citation： ZHU Shengxu, LI Zhonghai. Mechanism of extracellular vesicles in the repair of intervertebral disc degeneration. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2025, 42(2): 409-416. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.202403046 Copy

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Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Mechanism of extracellular vesicles in the repair of intervertebral disc degeneration

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