细菌耐药是一个全球性的难题，而滥用抗生素是导致细菌耐药的重要原因。合理使用抗生素的核心包括以下三点：①选择合适的抗生素（有效、经济、毒副作用小和使用方便）；②采取合适的给药方法（给药剂量、间期和途径）；③采取合适的疗程。其中抗生素的疗程究竟多长最合适是目前研究最薄弱的环节，同时也是当前和今后抗感染领域研究的热点[1]。
Citation：
JIANG Hongni,QU Jieming. Short-course antibiotic therapy for pneumonia. Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2008, 08(1): 6-8. doi:
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Copyright © the editorial department of Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of West China Medical Publisher. All rights reserved
| 1. |
何礼贤.值得研究和借鉴的短程抗菌治疗策略.中国抗感染化疗杂志，2005，5：318-319.
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| 2. |
Mandell LA.Update on community-acquired pneumonia.New pathogens and new concepts in treatment.Postgrad Med，2005，118：35-46.
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| 3. |
Schwartz DN，Furumoto-Dawson A，Itokazu GS，et al.Preventing mismanagement of community-acquired pneumonia at an urban public hospital：implications for institution-specific practice guidelines.Chest，1998，113（Suppl 3）：194S-198S.
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| 4. |
Mandell LA，Wunderink RG，Anzueto A，et al.Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults.Clin Infect Dis，2007，44（Suppl 2）：S27-S72.
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| 5. |
American Thoracic Society；Infectious Diseases Society of America.Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired，ventilator-associated，and healthcare-associated pneumonia.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，2005，171：388-416.
|
| 6. |
Hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults：diagnosis，assessment of severity，initial antimicrobial therapy，and preventive strategies.A consensus statement，American Thoracic Society，November 1995.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，1996，153：1711-1725.
|
| 7. |
Woodhead M，Blasi F，Ewig S，et al.Guidelines for the management of adult lower respiratory tract infections.Eur Respir J，2005，26：1138-1180.
|
| 8. |
Owens RC Jr，Ambrose PG，Nightingale CH.Antibiotic Optimization.Concepts and Strategies in Clinical Practice.New York：Marced Dekker，2005，491-518.
|
| 9. |
El Moussaoui R，de Borgie CA，van den Broek P，et al.Effectiveness of discontinuing antibiotic treatment after three days versus eight days in mild to moderate-severe community acquired pneumonia：randomised，double blind study.BMJ，2006，332：1355.
|
| 10. |
D’Ignazio J，Camere MA，Lewis DE，et al.Novel，single-dose microsphere formulation of azithromycin versus 7-day levofloxacin therapy for treatment of mild to moderate community-acquired Pneumonia in adults.Antimicrob Agents Chemother，2005，49：4035-4041.
|
| 11. |
Tellier G，Niederman MS，Nusrat R，et al.Clinical and bacteriological efficacy and safety of 5 and 7 day regimens of telithromycin once daily compared with a 10 day regimen of clarithromycin twice daily in patients with mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia.J Antimicrob Chemother，2004，54：515-523.
|
| 12. |
Dunbar LM，Wunderink RG，Habib MP，et al.High-dose，short-course levofloxacin for community-acquired pneumonia：a new treatment paradigm.Clin Infect Dis，2003，37：752-760.
|
| 13. |
Dennesen PJ，van der Ven AJ，Kessels AG，et al.Resolution of infectious parameters after antimicrobial therapy in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，2001，163：1371-1375.
|
| 14. |
Chastre J，Wolff M，Fagon JY，et al.Comparison of 8 vs 15 days of antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults：a randomized trial.JAMA，2003，290：2588-2598.
|
| 15. |
Parienti JJ，Ramakers M，Charbonneau P，et al.Short-course empiric antibiotic therapy for patients with pulmonary infiltrates in the intensive care unit.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，2001，164：172-173.
|
| 16. |
Zinner SH，Young LS，Acar JF，et al.Expanding indications for the new macrolides，azalides and streptogramins.New York：Marcel Dekker，1997，27-38.
|
| 17. |
Meehan TP，Fine MJ，Krumholz HM，et al.Quality of care，process，and outcomes in elderly patients with pneumonia.JAMA，1997，278：2080-2084.
|
| 18. |
Houck PM，Bratzler DW，Nsa W，et al.Timing of antibiotic administration and outcomes for Medicare patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia.Arch Intern Med，2004，164：637-644.
|
- 1. 何礼贤.值得研究和借鉴的短程抗菌治疗策略.中国抗感染化疗杂志，2005，5：318-319.
- 2. Mandell LA.Update on community-acquired pneumonia.New pathogens and new concepts in treatment.Postgrad Med，2005，118：35-46.
- 3. Schwartz DN，Furumoto-Dawson A，Itokazu GS，et al.Preventing mismanagement of community-acquired pneumonia at an urban public hospital：implications for institution-specific practice guidelines.Chest，1998，113（Suppl 3）：194S-198S.
- 4. Mandell LA，Wunderink RG，Anzueto A，et al.Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults.Clin Infect Dis，2007，44（Suppl 2）：S27-S72.
- 5. American Thoracic Society；Infectious Diseases Society of America.Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired，ventilator-associated，and healthcare-associated pneumonia.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，2005，171：388-416.
- 6. Hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults：diagnosis，assessment of severity，initial antimicrobial therapy，and preventive strategies.A consensus statement，American Thoracic Society，November 1995.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，1996，153：1711-1725.
- 7. Woodhead M，Blasi F，Ewig S，et al.Guidelines for the management of adult lower respiratory tract infections.Eur Respir J，2005，26：1138-1180.
- 8. Owens RC Jr，Ambrose PG，Nightingale CH.Antibiotic Optimization.Concepts and Strategies in Clinical Practice.New York：Marced Dekker，2005，491-518.
- 9. El Moussaoui R，de Borgie CA，van den Broek P，et al.Effectiveness of discontinuing antibiotic treatment after three days versus eight days in mild to moderate-severe community acquired pneumonia：randomised，double blind study.BMJ，2006，332：1355.
- 10. D’Ignazio J，Camere MA，Lewis DE，et al.Novel，single-dose microsphere formulation of azithromycin versus 7-day levofloxacin therapy for treatment of mild to moderate community-acquired Pneumonia in adults.Antimicrob Agents Chemother，2005，49：4035-4041.
- 11. Tellier G，Niederman MS，Nusrat R，et al.Clinical and bacteriological efficacy and safety of 5 and 7 day regimens of telithromycin once daily compared with a 10 day regimen of clarithromycin twice daily in patients with mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia.J Antimicrob Chemother，2004，54：515-523.
- 12. Dunbar LM，Wunderink RG，Habib MP，et al.High-dose，short-course levofloxacin for community-acquired pneumonia：a new treatment paradigm.Clin Infect Dis，2003，37：752-760.
- 13. Dennesen PJ，van der Ven AJ，Kessels AG，et al.Resolution of infectious parameters after antimicrobial therapy in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，2001，163：1371-1375.
- 14. Chastre J，Wolff M，Fagon JY，et al.Comparison of 8 vs 15 days of antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults：a randomized trial.JAMA，2003，290：2588-2598.
- 15. Parienti JJ，Ramakers M，Charbonneau P，et al.Short-course empiric antibiotic therapy for patients with pulmonary infiltrates in the intensive care unit.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，2001，164：172-173.
- 16. Zinner SH，Young LS，Acar JF，et al.Expanding indications for the new macrolides，azalides and streptogramins.New York：Marcel Dekker，1997，27-38.
- 17. Meehan TP，Fine MJ，Krumholz HM，et al.Quality of care，process，and outcomes in elderly patients with pneumonia.JAMA，1997，278：2080-2084.
- 18. Houck PM，Bratzler DW，Nsa W，et al.Timing of antibiotic administration and outcomes for Medicare patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia.Arch Intern Med，2004，164：637-644.
