【摘要】 目的 了解人工肝支持系统抢救造血干细胞移植合并重症肝静脉闭塞病的临床疗效。 方法 对2002年1月-2010年12月因造血干细胞移植并发重症肝静脉闭塞病的6例患者，利用人工肝支持系统，选用血浆置换程序进行血浆置换。 结果 6例患者经血浆置换治疗后，胆红素均明显下降，3例最终恢复，2例因肝功能再次恶化死亡，1例死于严重混合性感染。 结论 人工肝支持系统抢救造血干细胞移植合并重症肝静脉闭塞病是一种新的尝试，是有效和可靠的。【Abstract】 Objective To explore the therapeutic efficacy of artificial liver support system on severe hepatic veno-occlusive disease accompanied with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods Between January 2002 and December 2010, six patients with severe hepatic veno-occlusive disease accompanied with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation underwent plasma exchange with plasma exchange procedures using artificial liver support system. Results After plasma exchange treatment, the bilirubins of six patients significantly decreased; three patients eventually recovered, two died because of liver function deteriorated again, and one died of severe mixed infections. Conclusion Artificial liver support system is effective and reliable for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation accompanied with severe hepatic veno-occlusive disease.
【Abstract】Objective To evaluate effect of artificial liver support system (ALSS) in liver failure and liver transplantation.Methods Forty-four patients with liver failure (including 12 undergoing liver transplantation) were treated with MARS or plasma exchange. The changes of toxic substances and cytokines in blood were detected before and after treatment. Results ALSS therapy achieved a remarkable improvement in clinical symptoms and physical signs. After ALSS treatment, there was a significant decrease in total bilirubin, total bile acid, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, urea nitrogen, blood ammonia and endotoxin levels(P＜0.05); the levels of serum NO, TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-6 were significantly decreased(P＜0.05); there was no statistical change in erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets. The survival rate of 30 liver failure patients caused by severe hepatitis B was 60.0%(18/30). Six patients with acute liver failure were successfully performed liver transplantation. Two patients in 6 with acute liver failure after liver transplantation survived. One patient in 2 with acute liver failure after pancreatoduodenectomy survived. Conclusion ALSS plays a positive role in treatment of liver failure by removing blood toxins, NO and cytokines. ALSS also plays a substitute role for liver failure patients who are waiting for liver transplantation.
Hepatitis B virus related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) has the characteristics of rapid progress and high mortality. Artificial liver support system (ALSS) is far superior to standard drug therapy in the treatment of such patients, and is widely used in emergency. ALSS is the use of external mechanical or biological devices to replace a part of the damaged liver function, divided into bioartificial, non-bioartificial liver and a combination of the two. At present, there is no unified sensitive prognostic index and recognized prognostic model for HBV-ACLF in artificial liver treatment. This paper reviews the research progress of prognosis evaluation of ALSS in the treatment of HBV-ACLF, in order to provide reference for clinicians and researchers
Understanding the mass transfer behaviors in hollow fiber membrane module of artificial liver is important for improving toxin removal efficiency. A three-dimensional numerical model was established to study the mass transfer of small molecule bilirubin and macromolecule bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the hollow fiber membrane module. Effects of tube-side flow rate, shell-side flow rate, and hollow fiber length on the mass transfer of bilirubin and BSA were discussed. The simulation results showed that the clearance of bilirubin was significantly affected by both convective and diffusive solute transport, while the clearance of macromolecule BSA was dominated by convective solute transport. The clearance rates of bilirubin and BSA increasd with the increase of tube-side flow rate and hollow fiber length. With the increase of shell-side flow rate, the clearance rate of bilirubin first rose rapidly, then slowly rose to an asymptotic value, while the clearance rate of BSA gradually decreased. The results can provide help for designing structures of hollow fiber membrane module and operation parameters of clinical treatment.
Objective To summarize present situation and development of non-biological artificial liver. Method The related literatures about artificial liver treatment in recent years were reviewed. Results The current artificial liver which applied to clinic mainly are non-biological artificial liver, including plasma exchange, hemodialysis, hemofiltration, bilirubin adsorption, hemoperfusion, molecular adsorption recycling, etc. Because of the individual clinical cases, the individualized requirements for treatment are put forward. Single treatment of non-biological artificial liver is often unable to satisfy the individualized requirements, combined the advantages of each treatment so as to maximum therapeutic effect for patients has become a trend. Conclusion Combined treatment of non-biological artificial liver is superior to single treatment, individual treatment concept should be carried out in whole process of treatment.
ObjectiveTo provide theoretical and technological support for further study of liver metabolism and disease by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of various artificial liver models (biological). MethodsLiteratures were searched and compared to summarize the requirement for liver donor, isolation, and culture of hepatocyte. ResultsIn the separation method of hepatocyte, mechanical separation method had no requirement for liver donor, and was easy to acquire hepatocyte, while the acquired hepatocyte would be destructed severely, and the survival rate was low. On the other hand, the restriction of the digestion of the hepatocytes to the liver cell samples was unlimited, while the key of the enzyme digestion method was to regulate the balance between enzyme concentration and digestion time, which was limited to function researches of hepatocyte, and research about the responds of hepatocyte against outside, and other few researches. Perfusion digestion method had been widely applied for animal test. The Ca2+, collagenase and perfusion rate, pH value, buffer, and intubation method all play vital roles. During the cultivation, we needed to choose different methods according to several experiments, and add different additives in the appropriate medium. Different biological reactors had different advantages, disadvantages, and applicable conditions. ConclusionsThe donor selection is based on various experimental purposes to harvest hepatocytes from different sources. Whether on the separation process or on the cultivation process, according to the specific circumstances, such as the concentration, perfusion time, and the choice of different kinds of culture medium, we can choose different kinds of bioreactors, but all kinds of methods are still remained with multiple insufficiencies, which require more researchers to improve.
目的总结慢性重症乙型肝炎肝移植治疗的临床经验。方法对23例慢性重症乙型肝炎肝移植患者的临床资料及随访结果进行回顾性分析。结果23例患者术前肝功能均为Child C级，23例中术前出现肾功能指标异常13例（56.5%），不同程度肝性脑病10例（43.5%），肺部及腹腔感染6例（26.1%），肝肾综合征9例（39.1%），消化道出血3例（13.0%），乙肝病毒活跃复制状态14例（60.9%）。全组围手术期死亡（术后30 d内死亡）6例（26.1%）。术后主要并发症： 肺部感染14例（60.9%），多器官功能衰竭（MOF）9例（39.1%），未出现原发性肝无功能及血管系统并发症。1年生存率为70.6%。结论慢性重症乙型肝炎肝移植治疗可获得满意的临床效果和生存质量。