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中医理论健康教育护理对消渴病的效果

【摘要】 目的 探讨采用中医理论健康教育护理和中医技术治疗和预防消渴病(糖尿病),防止和减少并发症发生的疗效。方法 将2006年1月—2008年11月收治的100例糖尿病患者分为对照组和观察组,对照组采用常规糖尿病健康教育方式,观察组在常规糖尿病健康教育方式基础上再实施中医理论对患者进行健康教育,比较两组护理效果。结果 观察组平均住院日数明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(Plt;0.05);观察组中药食疗服用明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(Plt;0.05)。结论 实施中医理论对糖尿病患者进行健康教育,可使患者掌握关于该病的中医科学理论及预防治疗知识,提高患者中草药使用率和中药食疗率,缩短住院时间,减少住院费用,提高生存质量。

Application of Quality Management Cycle Method in Reducing Errors in General Inspection Items of Health Examination

ObjectiveTo explore the plan-do-check-action (PDCA) circulation method in reducing errors in general inspection items of health examination and to improve the quality of examination. MethodsUsing PDCA circulation method, the reasons of errors in general items of health examination for 39 individuals examinied between August and December 2010 were analyzed. Rectification was carried out according to the reasons, and the differences in the incidence rate of errors in general items of health examination before (from August to December, 2010) and after the rectification was (from Auguest to December, 2011) was compared. ResultsAfter the rectification, the incidence of errors in general items of health examination (0.08%) was significantly lower than that before the rectification (0.45%) (P<0.05). ConclusionPDCA circulation method can effectively reduce the incidence of errors in general items of health examination thus may ensure the medical quality.

Exploration and practice of non-directly affiliated hospitals under the background of medical reform: a case study of Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group

Non-directly affiliated hospitals are an important supplement to directly affiliated hospitals of medical colleges in China. Considering the problems of teaching consciousness, school running form and teachers construction in non-directly affiliated hospitals, this paper takes the medical personnel training of a non-directly affiliated hospital which is subordinate to Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group as an example, in order to analyze the related exploration methods of non-directly affiliated hospitals under the development of hospital collectivization, and put forward a trinity training mode of general practitioners, which is “medical college-non-directly affiliated hospital-community health center”. This paper further discusses the challenges and possible solutions faced by non-directly affiliated hospitals in the new era.

空巢老人健康状况及护理需求调查

目的 了解空巢老人健康状况及其对社区护理的需求，为社区老年护理的开展和完善提供科学依据。 方法 2012年1月－2013年12月采用自制调查表对成都市主城区（武侯区、锦江区、成华区、青羊区）的600名空巢老人进行问卷调查，了解其健康状况及护理需求。 结果 空巢老人随着年龄的增加，日常生活不能自理者占被调查对象的6.3%；空巢老人慢性病排在前3位的分别为高血压、糖尿病及冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病；心理卫生自评方面心理状态很好占20.2%，好占42.9%；对护理需求排在前3位的分别为生病时提供上门护理（94.4%）、老年慢性病预防与护理知识（89.0%）、紧急救护知识与护理（79.3%）。 结论 成都市空巢老人生活自理能力下降，对护理需求增加，为空巢老人提供多种途径、多种形式的社区护理，有利于提高其生活质量。

Observation of the Effect of Synthesized Physical Nursing Care on the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Outpatients

ObjectiveTo discuss the effect of synthesized physical nursing care on the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) patients. MethodWe collected 100 MGD patients between March and September 2014, and randomized them into conventional and synthesized physical nursing care groups with 50 patients in each. We evaluated the subjective symptoms, the break-up time of tear-film and the function of lacrimal gland secretion before and after treatment. We surveyed the satisfaction of these patients during the follow-up. ResultsCompared with the conventional nursing care group, the synthesized group had less clinical symptoms, longer break-up times of tear-film and better lacrimal gland secretion function. The results showed remarkable statistical significance (P<0.05). ConclusionsSynthesized nursing care has significant effect on the treatment efficacy of MGD outpatients.

Research on electronic health literacy and online health information search behavior of maintenance hemodialysis patients

Objective To explore the current status of electronic health (eHealth) literacy and online health information seeking behavior of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients, and to explore the relationship between them. Methods MHD patients in the Hemodialysis Center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January and April 2022 were selected by convenient sampling method. The patients were investigated with general condition questionnaire, eHealth Literacy Scale and internet health information retrieval behavior questionnaire. According to the score of eHealth literacy, patients were divided into high eHealth literacy group and low eHealth literacy group, to compare the differences between the two groups, and analyze the factors that affected the internet health information retrieval behavior. Results A total of 194 MHD patients were included. Among them, 112 were male and 82 were female. The average score of eHealth literacy was 24.84±9.24. There were 136 cases in low eHealth literacy group, and the average score of eHealth literacy was 20.76±7.91. There were 58 cases in high eHealth literacy group, and the average score of eHealth literacy was 34.36±3.01. Multivariate analysis showed that eHealth literacy and education level were the influencing factors of health information search behavior (P<0.05). Conclusions The overall eHealth literacy of MHD patients is low, and the online health information search means is single and behaviorally inconsistent. It is necessary to improve the eHealth literacy of hemodialysis patients, and at the same time, provide various health information publicity and education for patients with different levels of eHealth literacy, which will help them better carry out disease management.

Construction Workers Among Migrants- A Vulnerable Population for Accessing Reproductive Health ServicesQualitative Situation Analysis in Chengdu Construction Sites for Project YOLAMI

目的：调查了解成都市建筑工地工作的流动人口工人的生殖健康现状，为项目的干预打下基础。方法：采用定量调查和定性研究相结合的方法获取相关数据和信息。结果和结论：流动人口中的建筑工人的确是一个获取生殖健康知识和服务方面十分脆弱的人群：1)流动人群中的建筑工人们的健康状况不容乐观。他们大都看似健康，但健康知识贫乏、不重视自身生殖健康、寻求健康服务的行为单一且不安全；2)建筑公司和工地基本不允许女工在工期怀孕；除特殊工种外，工人没有体检；一般只给工人买工伤险，但没有医疗保险；3)流动人群中的建筑工人们对性与生殖健康方面的需求是迫切的。但他们求医难，寻求性与生殖健康服务更难。

Clinical Value of Health Education Applied to Unhealthy Lifestyle-caused Functional Constipation

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical effect of healthy education on functional constipation caused by unhealthy lifestyle, and to analyze the disadvantages affecting the curative effect. MethodsA total of 167 cases of functional constipation from February 2009 to February 2012 were included. All of the patients were followed up for one year. We collected clinical data of curative effect and influencing factors, determined the clinical value of healthy education, and analyzed the influence of different factors on the curative effect of healthy education. ResultsThe total curative effect after one-year follow-up was 84.4%. The curative effect in elderly patients was significantly higher than that in middle-aged ones (P<0.05). The curative effect in urban patients was remarkably higher than that in rural ones (P<0.05). And the curative effect of patients with college degree wass much higher than that in patients with education background of primary school or below (P<0.05). ConclusionHealthy education has important value on releasing and eliminating functional constipation caused by unhealthy lifestyle. And it needs individual education aimed at patients with different age, education degree, and domicile.

Approaches to derive disability weights based on EQ-5D measurement: a systematic review

ObjectivesTo systematically review approaches to derive disability weights (DWs) based on EQ-5D instrument.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, CNKI and WanFang Data databases were electronically searched to collect studies on the approaches to derive disability weights based on EQ-5D from inception to June 1st, 2019. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted the basic information and evaluated risk of bias of included studies. Then, systematic review on approaches to derive DWs based on EQ-5D instrument was performed.ResultsA total of 18 studies were included, which were published between 2003 and 2018. The included studies involved a variety of diseases, mostly focusing on quality of life and the burden of disease. The approaches to derive DWs based on EQ-5D health instrument were as follows: DWs=health utility scoreNormal or Control−health utility scoreDisease (7 studies), DWs=1−VAS score/100 (6 studies), DWs=1−health utility scoreDisease (3 studies), linear regression model (1 study), and mapping (1 study).ConclusionsAmong all the included studies using EQ-5D-based disability weight measurement methods involves a variety of diseases, with relatively low comparability. More methodological studies are from abroad. Among all the applied approaches, DWs equally to health utility scoreNormal or Control minus health utility scoreDisease is the most commonly used.

New Evidence of The Cochrane Library(Issue 4, 2004)