Serum anti-retinal autoantibodies (ARA) are a group of autoantibodies that bind to retinal auto-antigens with significant biological importance in pathological processes such as retinal degeneration, inflammatory microenvironment formation, and tissue destruction. In recent years, the expression of serum anti-retinal antibodies has been found to be upregulated in patients with various blinding retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, autoimmune retinopathy, and retinitis pigmentosa, closely correlated with the progression of diseases. However, current researches on ARA are incomplete, lacking animal experiments and large randomized controlled clinical trials. As a result, the exact mechanism of ARA is not well understood. Although several studies have demonstrated that serum ARA has an important diagnostic value in hereditary, autoimmune, and degenerative retinal diseases, there still lacks recognized laboratory tests and laboratory indicators with high specificity and sensitivity. Clinical symptoms should be considered when making definitive diagnosis of the diseases. Therefore, clarifying the mechanisms of ARA in retinal dystrophies provides new ideas in early diagnosis and treatments of retinal diseases, which is clinically and scientifically important for the maintenance of visual functions.
Objective To sum up experiences in diagnosis and treatment for Hashimoto′s disease (HD). Methods Clinical records of 78 patients who underwent operations and were diagnosed as Hashimoto′s disease by histologic examination in our hospital from Jan. 1988 to Dec. 1998 were analyzed. Results Seventy females and 8 males, aged 9 to 70 years (average of 41.6 years). HD was coexistent with 10.3% of thyroid gland malignant tumor, 23.1% of adenoma and 30.8% of other thhroid gland diseases. The misdiagnosis rate was 35.9% and missed diagnosis rate was 46.2%. The clinical feature of HD and most common cause of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis have been discussed. Conclusion It is emphasized that patients with diffuse goiter, palpable nodules, lighty color on scintillation scintigraphy, elevation of antimicosomiaux and antithyroglobuline but no finding on Bus should be highly suspected of having Hashimoto′s disease.
Objective To investigate the expressions of tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand （TRAIL） and its receptors (DR4, DcR1) in human rectal cancer tissues and normal rectal tissues. MethodsThe expressions of TRAIL and its receptors (DR4, DcR1) in 31 cases of human rectal cancer tissues and 20 cases of normal rectal tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining. ResultsThe positive expression rates of TRAIL, DR4 and DcR1 （32.26%， 29.03%， 0） were lower than those of normal rectal tissues （55.00%， 70.00%， 65.00%）, the difference was statistically significant(P=0.015， P=0.000， P=0.000). There were no relation between the expressions of TRAIL, DR4 and DcR1 and clinicopathologic characteristics (Pgt;0.05). ConclusionThe expressions of TRAIL and its receptors (DR4, DcR1) in human rectal cancer tissues were lower than those of normal rectal tissues, which may suggest that the apoptotic effect induced by the interaction between TRAIL and its receptors has attenuated in human rectal cancer.
Objective To evaluate the biocompatibility of a new bone matrix material (NBM) composed of both organic and inorganic materials for bone tissue engineering. Methods Osteoblasts combined with NBM in vitro were cultured. The morphological characteristics was observed; cell proliferation, protein content and basic alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity were measured. NBM combined with osteoblasts were implanted into the skeletal muscles of rabbits and the osteogenic potential of NBM was evaluated through contraat microscope, scanning electromicroscope and histological examination. In vitro osteoblasts could attach and proliferate well in the NBM, secreting lots of extracellular matrix; NBM did not cause the inhibition of proliferation and ALP activity of osteoblasts. While in vivo experiment of the NBM with osteoblasts showed that a large number of lymphacytes and phagocytes invading into the inner of the material in the rabbit skeletalmuscle were seen after 4 weeks of implantation and that no new bone formation was observed after 8 weeks. Conclusion This biocompat ibility difference between in vitro and in vivo may be due to the immunogenity of NBM which causes cellular immuno reaction so as to destroy the osteogenic environment. The immunoreaction between the host and the organic-inorganic composite materials in tissue engineering should be paid more attention to.
Objective To discuss peripheral nerve regeneration under immunosuppression. Methods Current research trends about relationship between peripheral nerve injury and immunoreaction, the experimental result of nerve regeneration after using various immunosuppressors, and the clinical findings after human allogenous hand transplantation were extensively reviewed. Results Peripheral nerve regeneration was accelerated under immunosuppression. Conclusion Peripheral nerve injury may induce immunoreaction, which inhibit nerve regeneration and function recovery.
摘要:目的:分析本院住院城镇及农村患者的乙型肝炎病毒感染及免疫情况,推测不同区域发病及免疫状况,为免疫预防及临床提供参考。方法:收集我科2000年度,2004年度,2008年度住院患者的乙肝五项检测报告,按患者长期居住地分为农村组及城镇组,对比分析两组患者乙型肝炎病毒感染、具有免疫力及无免疫力年度变化情况及不同组别的差异。结果:同农村组相比,城镇组乙型肝炎病毒感染率、无免疫率低于农村组,免疫率高于农村组。年度对比乙型肝炎病毒感染率及免疫率呈上升趋势,无免疫率呈下降趋势。结论:近年来乙型病毒性肝炎发病有上升趋势,农村地区免疫普及率相对较低,仍为发病及预防免疫的重点区域,应给予足够重视。Abstract: Objective: To observe the disposition of infection and immunifaction on type B hepatitis in patients from hospital, suppose the disposition of infection and immunifaction in differently region, and provide information for immunifaction and clinical treatment. Methods: Reports of type B hepatitis from patients in hospital were collected, and were divided into town group and country group according to the habitation of patients. The difference of infection, immunifaction and no immunifaction were compared between two groups. Results: In comparison with the country group, the percentage of infection and no immunifaction was lower in town, and immunifaction was higher, attack rate of type B hepatitis had a tendency to increasing and no immunifaction was decreased by contrasting with annum. Conclusion: Recent years, attack rate of type B hepatitis has a tendency to increasing, and the popular rate of immunifaction is lower in country, so country is still the focal point of immunifaction and infection, and sufficient attention must be paid.