目的 探讨特发性结肠穿孔的治疗方法及成因。方法 结合文献分析2001～2009年期间我院收治的特发性结肠穿孔患者的诊治经过。结果 共收治特发性结肠穿孔9例，占同期结肠穿孔患者的28.1%（9/32），其中5例穿孔（5/9）发生在乙状结肠。修剪破口后直接缝合者2例，行结肠双腔造瘘者7例。术后死亡3例。结论 特发性结肠穿孔好发于乙状结肠，与其解剖和生理上的特点有关。不明原因结肠穿孔的患者要想到本病的可能。及时、合理的手术治疗，仔细周到的术后管理是治疗成功的关键。
Objective To review study of various imaging examination methods for evaluating of gastric cancer. Method The recent and relevant literatures about the imaging examination methods for evaluating of gastric cancer were scrutinized and analyzed retrospectively. Results The imaging examination methods such as the barium meal, endoscopic ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography-CT, were used to evaluate the gastric cancer, but with certain limitations. The new methods such as the dual-energy CT, radiomics, and so on, had become the focus of the clinical research. The imaging methods are of great significances in the evaluation of the gastric cancer before the surgery, peritoneal metastasis, chemoradiotherapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy later. Conclusions Various imaging examination methods, used in evaluating of gastric cancer, play some important roles in clinical application. New methods such as dual-energy CT, radiomics, and so on, are with bright potentiality for clinical application.
Lung cancer ranks first in the incidence of malignant tumors in China, which is seriously harmful to people’s life and health. Chemotherapy is an effective treatment for lung cancer, and it is also an important cause of cognitive dysfunction. Cognitive impairment is usually evaluated by subjective assessment, neuropsychological testing and neuroimaging research. The mechanism of cognitive impairment in patients with lung cancer caused by chemotherapy may include the accumulation of a large amount of endogenous tau protein in hippocampus, the induction of hippocampal neuroinflammation, and the direct killing effect of drugs on nerve cells. There is no effective treatment for chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), but current studies have found that cognitive education in the form of mind map, diet regulation, physical exercise and caring therapy may contribute to the improvement of cognitive function of lung cancer patients after chemotherapy. Based on the current research results, this article provides new ideas for the research and treatment of lung cancer patients with CRCI in terms of clinical characteristics, evaluation methods, influencing factors, mechanism and prevention strategies.
ObjectiveTo analyze the effect of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) on the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) combined with lung injury [acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)] in emergency treatment. MethodsFifty-six patients with SAP combined with ALI/ARDS treated between January 2013 and March 2015 were included in our study. Twenty-eight patients who underwent NPPV were designated as the treatment group, while the other 28 patients who did not undergo NPPV were regarded as the control group. Then, we observed patients' blood gas indexes before and three days after treatment. The hospital stay and mortality rate of the two groups were also compared. ResultsBefore treatment, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of pH value and arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) (P>0.05). Three days after treatment, blood pH value of the treatment group and the control group was 7.41±0.07 and 7.34±0.04, respectively, with a significant difference (P＜0.05); the PaO2 value was respectively (60.60±5.11) and (48.40±3.57) mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa), also with a significant difference (P＜0.05). The hospital stay of the treatment group and the control group was (18.22±3.07) and (23.47±3.55) days with a significant difference (P＜0.05); and the six-month mortality was 17% and 32% in the two groups without any significant difference (P>0.05). ConclusionIt is effective to treat patients with severe acute pancreatitis combined with acute lung injury in emergency by noninvasive positive pressure ventilation.
Objective To summarize the application and prospect of susceptibility weighted imaging （SWI） in diagnosis of hepatic disease. Methods The application of SWI in diagnosis of hepatic disease was analyzed retrospectively via reviewed the literatures home and abroad, and to look forward to the future of the clinical values of SWI. Results A number of hepatic diseases such as cirrhosis, hematochromatosis， and malignant tumors could induce iron overload in hepatic cell and Kuffper cell. Because of SWI is sensitive to vein， vascular abnormality, haemorrhage （including all kinds of metabolities after bleeding）， iron overload， calcification, and so on, so the use of SWI in hepatic disease is explored continually. Conclusions SWI may be a new method for diagnosis of hepatic disease, which can supply more valuable information for clinician.