Stroke is one of the most health-threatening diseases in the world, with high incidence and high morbidity. Despite the development of stroke therapy and improved systems to recognize stroke symptoms and deliver care promptly, only a minority of patients with acute stroke receive thrombolytic therapy, and many of them remain with residual functional deficits. Thus, the need for effective stroke rehabilitation is likely to remain an essential part of the continuum of stroke care for the foreseeable future. This review summarizes and analyzes the results of literatures on stroke rehabilitation in recent years, briefly describes the rehabilitation techniques and progress in dyskinesia, speech barrier, dysphagia, emotional disorder and spasticity after stroke, to provide some references for the optimization of rehabilitation treatment.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common and serious form of elderly dementia, but early detection and treatment of mild cognitive impairment can help slow down the progression of dementia. Recent studies have shown that there is a relationship between overall cognitive function and motor function and gait abnormalities. We recruited 302 cases from the Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to National Rehabilitation Aids Research Center and included 193 of them according to the screening criteria, including 137 patients with MCI and 56 healthy controls (HC). The gait parameters of the participants were collected during performing single-task (free walking) and dual-task (counting backwards from 100) using a wearable device. By taking gait parameters such as gait cycle, kinematics parameters, time-space parameters as the focus of the study, using recursive feature elimination (RFE) to select important features, and taking the subject’s MoCA score as the response variable, a machine learning model based on quantitative evaluation of cognitive level of gait features was established. The results showed that temporal and spatial parameters of toe-off and heel strike had important clinical significance as markers to evaluate cognitive level, indicating important clinical application value in preventing or delaying the occurrence of AD in the future.
ObjectiveTo analyze the risk factors of cognitive dysfunction in patients with epilepsy, and provide evidence for clinical prevention and treatment.MethodsDuring the period from January 1, 2018 to January 31, 2019, 101 patients with epilepsy who were admitted to the epilepsy specialist clinic of the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University were included in this study. The cognitive function of the patients was evaluated by the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) scale and patients were divided into cognitive impairment group and normal cognitive function group according to the MMSE. Single factor and logistic regression analysis were used to find the differences of influencing factors between the two groups.Results① There were 27 cases of cognitive dysfunction in 101 patients with epilepsy, the incidence of cognitive impairment was 26.7%; ② Univariate analysis showed that the course of disease, frequency of seizures, seizure forms, anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) and abnormal rate of electroencephalogram (EEG) existed significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). ③ Logistic regression showed that course of disease, frequency of seizures and AEDs multidrug therapy were independent risk factors for cognitive dysfunction in patients with epilepsy (P<0.05).ConclusionCourse of disease, frequency of seizures and AEDs multidrug therapy are independent risk factors for cognitive dysfunction in patients with epilepsy.
Relaxation and contraction factors influencing penile erection are produced and released by the central and peripheral nerves as well as intracavernosal sinus gap and vascular endothelial cells. Aging, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and spinal cord injury can influence these factors. Further researches of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) on the erectile dysfunction (ED) can provide some theoretical evidences for the clinical treatment of ED.
目的 观察温针群刺联合康复训练治疗肱骨外科颈骨折术后肩关节活动功能障碍的临床疗效。 方法 2007年8月-2009年11月，将68例肱骨外科颈骨折术后患者随机分为温针群刺加运动组（37例），运动疗法组（31例）。温针群刺加运动组取患肩部僵硬软组织进行群刺，并行红外线照射；配穴取曲尺、合谷、阳陵泉，予针刺治疗，取针后活动肩关节。运动疗法组先被动活动肩关节后再行主动运动训练。治疗50 d后统计疗效。 结果 与治疗前比较，治疗结束后两组患者的VAS、肩关节功能、活动度、活动度评分，均有统计学意义（Plt;0.05）。治疗后与运动组比较，温针群刺加运动组患者的肩关节疼痛、功能、活动度、活动度评分，均有统计学意义（Plt;0.05）。 结论 两种治疗方法对骨折术后肩关节的功能恢复均具有较好的临床疗效。与运动康复治疗相比较，温针群刺加运动训练对骨折术后肩关节的功能恢复具有更显著的效果。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of early allograft dysfunction (EAD) following C-Ⅱ donation after cardiac death (DCD) liver transplantation. Methods The data of 46 donors and recipients of C-ⅡDCD liver transplantation between March 2012 and August 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The baseline data such as democracy, death cause, donor warm ischemic time (DWIT) and cold ischemic time (CIT) in EAD group and the non-EAD group (control group) was compared, and whether these factors were risk factors of EAD was investigated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Statistical cut-off values for significant factors of the unfavorable analysis were defined by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. The 6-month and 1-year graft survival rate were compared. Results The EAD group had a longer DWIT compared with the group [(17.6±4.7) and (12.7±6.2) minutes, P=0.009]; meanwhile, the EAD group had a longer CIT compared with the control group [(13.7±4.7) and (11.0±3.5) hours, P=0.020]. The other factors in both groups showed no statistical significance (P>0.05). The ROC curve revealed the cut-off values of DWIT and CIT were 17.50 minutes [area under the curve (AUC)=0.713, P=0.020] and 9.85 hours (AUC=0.723, P=0.015), respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the DWIT [odds ratios (OR)=1.340, 95% confidence interval (CI)(1.042, 1.654), P=0.008] and CIT [OR=1.396, 95% CI (1.075, 1.698), P=0.015] were all independent risk factors of EAD. The 6-month and 1-year graft survival rate of the EAD group and the control group was 85.7% vs. 92.3% (P=0.607) and 71.4% vs. 84.6% (P=0.587), respectively. Conclusions EAD may occured in C-Ⅱ donors with DWIT≥17.50 minutes or CIT≥9.85 hours in DCD liver transplantation. The livers can be used as a resource for clinical use and also have a good outcome.
Glycogen storage disease type Ib (GSD Ib) is a rare disorder of glycogen metabolism, often complicated by neutropenia/neutrophil dysfunction, leading to recurrent infections and the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which severely impacts patients’ quality of life. Empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, has demonstrated the ability to restore neutrophil counts and function, thereby improving the immunodeficiency state in GSD Ib patients. This consensus aims to provide clinical practice recommendations for the use of empagliflozin in GSD Ib based on current evidence and expert experience. The purpose of this document is to outline these key points and offer guidance for the clinical application of empagliflozin in GSD Ib.
Stroke is a common and frequently-occurring disease, which seriously endangers human health. Rehabilitation treatment can effectively reduce the disability rate of stroke and improve the quality of life. The tertiary rehabilitation treatment system for stroke can effectively improve the motor function of stroke patients and improve the quality of life. This paper focuses on the choices and methods of physical therapy and occupational therapy at all levels of the hospitals and in different periods of the disease. It also aims to summarize the tertiary rehabilitation strategy for motor dysfunction in stroke patients, to provide references for all levels of hospitals and communities, achieve standardization and unification of rehabilitation treatment, as well as the rehabilitation efficacy of homogeneity.
目的 探讨可逆性胼胝体压部病变的临床特征和致病机制。 方法 总结Pubmed和Springer数据库中2000年1月1日－2011年8月1日报道的年龄＞6岁的可逆性胼胝体压部病变患者的临床特征，分析该病可能的致病机制。 结果 14例患者中男7例，女7例；年龄（27.4 ± 15.6）岁，最小7岁，最大58岁；病因为发热、疫苗接种、感染、癫痫发作、接受抗癫痫药物或突然停用抗癫痫药治疗、接受四环素或氟尿嘧啶治疗、营养不良、慢性酒精消耗，临床症状出现率50%，为视幻觉、错觉、定向功能障碍、意识模糊、嗜睡、共济失调步态、急性尿潴留；可逆性胼胝体病变持续时间为（20.6 ± 14.5） d，最短2 d，最长50 d，影像学特征是T1加权成像低或等信号，T2加权成像、弥散加权成像高信号，表观弥散系数成像低信号，水抑制成像常无明显结构或信号异常发现，T1-钆对比剂增强成像无病灶强化。 结论 可逆性胼胝体压部病变病因多样，临床表现复杂，致病机制可能主要为低钠血症、低血糖、精氨酸血管加压素功能紊乱、感染或药物毒性等导致胼胝体压部细胞毒性水肿。