【Abstract】ObjectiveTo study the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and carbohydrate antigen 50 (CA50) in colorectal carcinoma, cancer-adjacent mucosa （2 cm from the nether edge of tumor）, cancerdistant mucosa （5 cm from the nether edge of tumor） and normal colorectal mucosa, and to elucidate their effects on the development of colorectal carcinoma. MethodsThe expressions of MMP2 and CA50 were detected immunohistochemically in 40 cases of colorectal carcinoma, cancer-adjacent mucosa, cancer-distant mucosa and 10 cases of normal colorectal mucosa. Results①The expression intensity and positive rates of MMP-2 and CA50 increased significantly in turn by normal mucosa, cancer-distant mucosa, cancer-adjacent mucosa and colorectal carcinoma. ②The expression of MMP2 was correlated with CA50 in colorectal carcinoma. ③The expression of CA50 in colorectal carcinoma was closely associated with tumor differentiation, and the expression of MMP2 in colorectal carcinoma was closely associated with differentiation and Dukes stages as well. ConclusionOver expression of MMP2 facilitates the malignant progress of colorectal carcinoma; CA50 is a reliable marker of malignance in colorectal carcinoma; CA50 and MMP2 may have synergetic effects on the development of colorectal carcinoma.
Objective To study the expression of p16 and Rb gene in primary gallbladder carcinoma (PGC). MethodsFiftysix cases of PGC and 26 of gallbladder benign lesions were observed by immunohistochemistry (SP). ResultsThe positive rates of p16 and Rb protein in PGC were 46.3% and 71.4% respectively. No association of Rb expression with histological grade, histological type, invasion, metastasis and prognosis was found. There were close correlation between p16 expression and invasion, metastasis as well as prognosis. The inverse correlation of p16 and Rb gene expression in PGC was confirmed. Conclusion The loss of p16 or Rb gene protein is an important molecular event in PGC,and closely related to the block in the negative regulatory pathway of all cell cycle. The detection of p16 protein may be useful in evaluating biological characteristics and prognosis in PGC.
The activities and distributions of succinate dehydrogenase(SDH),malic dehydrogenase(MDH),lactic dehydrogenase(LDH),acid phosphatase(ACP) and alkaline phosphatase(AKP) in retinal vessels were studied and observed with enzymatic histochemical techniques. The retinal vessels showed a b LDH activity, moderate SDH and MDH activity. The dehydrogenase activity described above was evenly and equally distributed in the microvasculature between arterioles and venules, and was the best in arteries. AKP showed predominant activity in the endothelial cells of capillaries and arterioles which were stained bly. No activity for ACP observed in the retinal vessels. The observations above indicate that the retinal vessels are metabolically active and have a great capacity for glycolysis. （Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1992,8:6-9）
目的 了解血液科护士在对患者抗肿瘤药物治疗护理过程中的防护现状。 方法 2009年12月－2010年3月对血液科一、二病区和骨髓移植层流病房的护理人员,采用便利抽样方式进行问卷调查。 结果 血液科化学疗法防护现状与国际水平有差距，护理人员虽有一定的防护意识，但仍较薄弱。 结论 加强护理人员化学治疗药物毒性及防护知识的教育，提高防范意识，并制定严格的防护措施及管理制度是确保护理人员职业安全的根本与途径。
目的 探讨原发性肺印戒细胞腺癌（PSRCACL）的临床病理学特点、诊断与鉴别诊断及其预后因素等。 方法 收集2000年1月－2012年6月间50例PSRCACL患者的临床资料，进行组织学及免疫组织化学检测观察，并进行随访和结合文献复习分析。 结果 PSRCACL的临床症状及影像学表现与非小细胞肺癌无明显差异，其诊断与鉴别诊断依据其特殊的细胞形态学及免疫组织化学检测。PSRCACL的发病率约占肺腺癌的1.20%，平均发病年龄为53.3岁，中位年龄为54.5岁，男女比例为1.17︰1。患者的中位生存时间约为56个月，1年生存率约为85.4%，3年生存率约为67.4%，5年生存率约为40.9%。患者的生存率与患者的性别、年龄无关（P＞0.05），与肿瘤的大小、是否伴有癌转移及TNM分期有关（P＜0.05）。 结论 PSRCACL是一种比较罕见的、好发于中青年人、恶性程度较高、易发生侵袭和转移、预后较差的恶性上皮性肿瘤，除手术治疗外，目前尚无标准化疗方案。
Objective To establish a stable colorectal cancer model in liver specific insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 deficient (LID) mice and examine the potential relationship between IGF-1 level and risk of mice constitutional colorectal cancer. Methods ①Establishment of a colorectal cancer model: The LID mice, in which IGF-1 level in circulation was 25% of BALB/c mice. Induction of colorectal cancer was achieved by using the 1,1 Dimethylhydrazine (DMH) with hypodermic injection at transverse part. ②Eighty fresh samples of cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were obtained from LID mice (experimental group) and BALB/c mice (control group). The expression of IGF-1 was studied by immunohistochemical assay (SP method). Results ①Weight loss occurred in both experimental group and control group after injection. Compared with the body weight before injection on 18 weeks and 24 weeks in each group, there were significant differences after injection at the same phase in each group (P＜0.05). ②The results of IGF-1 expression in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues: IGF-1 got a diffuse distribution in cancer cell cytoplasm. The positive expressions of IGF-1 in the cancer tissues and their adjacent cancer tissues were 6/7, 2/7 and 13/16, 7/16 respectively in experimental group and control group. There were significant differences between the cancer tissues and adjacent tissues inside both groups (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences inside both of cancer tissues and adjacent tissues respectively between experimental group and control group (Pgt;0.05). Conclusion In the established colorectal cancer model by DMH, IGF-1 plays an important role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer.
目的 建立重组人内皮抑素（恩度）联合顺铂一线治疗肿瘤进展的小鼠模型，继续应用内皮抑素联合紫杉醇二线治疗，研究内皮抑素协同紫杉醇抗肿瘤的作用及其机制。 方法 建立小鼠Lewis 肺癌移植瘤动物模型，内皮抑素联合顺铂治疗后观察肿瘤生长情况，遴选出肿瘤进展小鼠16只，随机留取1只，余15只小鼠随机分成紫杉醇组和联合用药组治疗，观察疗效。另取上述肿瘤进展小鼠1只，剥离肿瘤组织，重新接种，将成瘤小鼠随机分成生理盐水组，紫杉醇组及联合用药组治疗，观察疗效。治疗结束后24 h处死所有小鼠，采用免疫组织化学CD31单克隆抗体标记检测微血管密度（MVD），采用原位末端转移酶（TUNEL）检测细胞凋亡。 结果 只肿瘤进展小鼠中，联合用药组相比紫杉醇组生存时间无明显延长，但肿瘤体积增长较慢；而在重新接种成瘤的小鼠中，联合用药组较其余各组微血管密度明显减低（P＜0.05），凋亡指数明显增加（P＜0.05），肿瘤体积抑制明显。 结论 在内皮抑素联合顺铂治疗肿瘤进展的小鼠模型中，继续应用内皮抑素治疗与紫杉醇有较明显的协同抗肿瘤作用。
Objective To know the abnormal expression of the cell cycle-regulated proteins in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and their effect on tumor cell growth. Methods The expression of p16, p21, Rb and p53 protein in 47 cases were investigated by immunohistochemistry with wet autoclave pretreatment for antigen retriaval. Furthermore, tumor growth index were assessed by a novel anti-ki-67 antibody (ki-s5). Results All the expression of p53, p16, p21 and Rb protein were the nuclear stainning. The positive rates of p53, p16, p21 and Rb protein were 55%, 53%, 74% and 98% respectively. There was negative correlation between of p16, p21 or Rb protein expression and ki-67 growth index. No relation of p53 protein stainning and the expression of p21 protein was found. Conclusion In pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the negative expression of p16 protein and p21 protein may play an important role in tumor cell growth, but tumor proliferation caused by abnormality of Rb protein is rare. The expression of p21 protein was not associated with the expression of p53 protein.