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Impact of Ultrasound-Guided Acetic Acid Hypertonic Saline Solution Injection on Radiofrequency Ablation Destructive Zone in Dog Liver

Objective　To investigate the impact of injection of acetic acid hypertonic saline solution (AHS) in dog liver during radiofrequency ablation (RFA) on its destructive zone. Methods　RFAs were performed in dog livers by using LDRF-120S mutiple probe ablation system combining 50% acetic acid 5% hypertonic saline solution injection. Thirty healthy adult hybrid dogs were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=6). Group A: RFA was performed immediately after injection of 2 ml AHS; Group B: RFA was performed 5 min after injection of 2 ml AHS; Group C: RFA was performed immediately after injection of 4 ml AHS; Group D: RFA was performed 5 min after injection of 4 ml AHS; Group E: RFA was performed immediately after injection of 6 ml AHS. Results　There were no significant differences in the mean initial impedance within 5 groups. The mean ablation times were different significantly among 5 groups (F=83.831, P＜0.001). The mean ablation time was different significantly between any two groups by LSD-t analysis (P＜0.001). The mean coagulation diameters were different significantly among 5 groups （F=53.488, P＜0.001）. The mean coagulation diameter of group E was the largest among 5 groups. Besides mean coagulation diameter was no significant difference between group D and E (Pgt;0.05), the mean coagulation diameter was different significantly between any two groups by LSD-t analysis (P＜0.001). Obviously thrombus were shown in coagulation necrosis zone and nearly normal tissue with gordon amp; sweet. AHS spillage from the injection site occurred in group E. Four dogs died in group E within 14 d but no dog died in the other groups. Conclusion　RFA is performed 5 min after injection of 4 ml AHS in dog liver produces the ideal ablation destructive zone.

Application of Low-temperature Bipolar Radiofrequency Ablation on Patients withMultilevel Obstructive Sleep Apnea-hypopnea Syndrome

摘要：目的：探讨低温双极射频消融技术治疗多平面阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome，OSAHS）的价值。方法：对67例多平面OSAHS患者采用低温双极射频消融治疗，根据术前、术后症状改善情况及多导睡眠监测（polysomnography，PSG）结果的比较判定疗效。结果：67例患者中治愈21例，显效22例，有效15例，无效9例，总有效率86.57%。术前与术后1年AHI和SaO2结果经t检验，差异有显著性(P＜0.01)。所有病例均无并发症发生。结论：低温双极射频消融术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）疗效肯定，特别是同期治疗多平面阻塞安全可靠，具有独特的优势。

Radiofrequency Ablation in Treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma（Report of 58 Cases）

目的　探讨射频消融术在无法实施手术的原发性肝癌患者中的临床应用效果。方法　回顾性分析2007年9月至2011年3月期间我院收治的58例由于各种原因无法手术治疗的大肝癌（＞5cm）并接受射频消融治疗患者的临床资料，射频消融前后结合超声造影的方法，术后随访并定期复查血清甲胎蛋白水平和超声造影或者肝脏增强CT。结果　58例中无一例发生与射频消融相关的死亡，22例达到完全消融（37.9%，22/58）。共51例（87.9%，51/58）获得随访，随访至2012年5月，随访时间（12.6±6.4）个月（2～21个月），随访12个月以上患者有20例（39.2%，20/51），有10例（19.6%，10/51）无肿瘤复发或者转移的迹象。22例达到完全消融的患者无瘤生存时间为（13.6±10.4）个月（3～21个月）；36例未能达到完全消融的患者中，有19例随访期间死亡，生存时间（8.3±6.1）个月（4～16个月）。结论　由于各种原因不能接受手术的大肝癌患者，射频消融作为一种有效、安全治疗方法，部分能达到完全消融的效果，而部分作为姑息性治疗手段，能一定程度上减轻患者的疼痛，达到提高生活质量的目的。

Efficacy of Treatment on Liver Metastases by Contrast Enhanced Ultrasonography-Guided Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical application and the efficacy of contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS)guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with liver metastases. MethodsTotal 136 patients with 219 liver metastatic tumors, which were detected by CEUS before RFA therapy, were analyzed retrospectively. The diamter of tumors was (3.2±1.2) cm. Among them, the largest tumor more than 3 cm in diameter were found in 48.5% (66 patients), and 57.4% (78 patients) were with solitary metastasis. Enhanced CT and (or) MRI, and laboratory tests were applied to evaluate the outcomes after RFA treatment by regular followup. ResultsTumors were not detected by conventional ultrasonography in two cases, and 47.0% (63/134) of the patients with the largest tumor were 0.3 cm larger by CEUS than by conventional ultrasonography. More 40 tumors were detected in 18.4% (25/136) patients by CEUS. Followup ranged from 3 to 68 months (median time of 12 months). Early tumor necrosis rate one month after therapy was 98.2% (215/219 tumors). The incidence of local recurrence, new intrahepatic metastasis, and extrahepatic metastasis was 16.9% (23/136), 38.2% (52/136), and 8.8% (12/136), respectively. Local recurrence and new intrahepatic metastasis happened 2-25 months (median time of 6 months) after treatment. Local recurrence rates of the largest tumors ≥ 3 cm and tumor lt; 3 cm was 22.7% and 11.4%， respectively (P=0.079). The rate of new intrahepatic metastasis for the solitary metastasis cases was significantly lower than that for multiple metastases cases (25.6% versus 55.2%, P=0.000). The 1, 2, 3year survival rates were 82.5%, 64.3%, and 50.1%, and the 1, 2, 3year local recurrence free survival rates were 67.7%, 53.8%, and 38.3%, respetively. Patients with solitary metastasis survived longer than that with multiple metastases (P=0.034). ConclusionPatients with liver metastases treated by CEUSguided percutaneous RFA can get better survival rate, and CEUS is of much value for clinic application.

不中断冠脉循环下直视双极射频消融治疗心房颤动

摘要： 目的 总结直视双极射频消融治疗心房颤动（AF）的临床经验。 方法 回顾性分析2008年4月至2010年1月我科治疗34例心脏病合并心房颤动患者的临床资料，其中男11例，女23例；年龄34～75岁，平均年龄44岁。心功能分级(NYHA)Ⅲ级以上的风湿性心脏瓣膜病30例，冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病2例，房间隔缺损和室间隔缺损伴重度肺动脉高压各1例，均在直视双极射频消融治疗心房颤动时采用不中断心脏冠脉循环的方法保持心肌有氧灌注，同期行二尖瓣置换术21例，主动脉瓣及二尖瓣双瓣膜置换术8例，二尖瓣及三尖瓣置换术1例，冠状动脉旁路移植术2例，房间隔缺损修补术1例和室间隔缺损修补术1例。 结果 术后发生一过性低心排血量综合征和室性心律失常各1例，全组无手术死亡。术后即时窦性心律为10000% （34/34），术后1周时为44.12%（15/34），出院时为64.70%(22/34)。随访时间1～17个月，随访6个月后因血栓栓塞死亡1例，失访1例。出院后1个月时窦性心律维持率为78.79%（26/33），3个月时为85.18%（23/27），6个月时为87.50%（21/24），1年时为88.23%（15/17）。  结论 在不中断冠脉循环下施行直视心房颤动改良迷宫双极射频消融术，简单可行，效果可靠，对重症患者更加安全。

Application of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Spleen-Related Diseases

心脏瓣膜置换同期应用双极射频消融术治疗心房纤颤患者的术后护理

摘要:目的:总结54例心脏瓣膜置换同期应用双极射频消融术治疗心房纤颤患者的术后护理经验。方法：除做好瓣膜置换术后常规护理外,重视心律和心率的监测、电解质平衡的维持、应用胺碘酮的观察及护理、起搏器的观察、抗凝监测和健康指导与心理护理。结果：通过严密的监测和精心的护理,本组病例术后恢复良好,术后7~10 d出院。结论：做好心脏瓣膜置换同期应用双极射频消融术治疗心房纤颤患者的术后护理,认真观察患者瓣膜置换、消融术后心房纤颤治疗效果,为此类患者的生命质量提高提供了保证。

Research progress on risk factors of recurrent atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency catheter ablation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common clinical arrhythmia. In recent years, basic researches on AF have made a great progress. Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) has been widely used as a nonpharmacological treatment for AF. However, recurrence rate of AF is high even after RFCA. So we need to find the influencing factors of the recurrence of AF early. Choosing patients who have better indications can improve the success rate of RFCA and reduce recurrence rate.

电视胸腔镜辅助下射频消融治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌

目的 探讨胸腔镜辅助下治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及安全性，总结治疗经验。 方法 对18例原发性晚期肺癌和肺转移癌患者，在全身麻醉胸腔镜下行射频消融术，消融电极针在胸腔镜引导下穿刺进入肿瘤组织中心，消融范围超过病变区并延伸至正常组织0.5～1.0 cm，消融温度58～90 ℃，治疗时间12～24 min。 结果 住院期间全组患者无严重并发症发生，术后30 d复查肿瘤标记物CYFRA211值较术前降低(6.26±2.31 ng/ml vs. 14.62±3.65 ng/ml)，差异有统计学意义(Plt;0.05)；术后45 d复查CT，肿瘤最大截面长径27±12 mm，CT值31±9 Hu，较术前相应值46±18 mm，52±16Hu明显减小，差异有统计学意义(Plt;0.05)。全组患者6、12、18个月生存率分别为88.9%，77.8%和38.9%。 结论 胸腔镜辅助下射频消融治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌，疗效较确切，安全性好。

Short-term outcome of radiofrequency ablation combined with endostar in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: A non-randomized controlled trial

Objective To study the short-term outcome and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with recombinant human endostatin (endostar) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods Between December 2013 and December 2014, 80 consecutive patients (50 males, 30 females) with biopsy-proved NSCLC were divided into two groups: a RFA combined treatment group (RFA combined with endostar, 60 patients, 38 males, 22 females, mean age at 67.77±10.43 years) and a RFA alone group (20 patients, 12 males, 8 females, mean age at 67.35±9.82 years). The RFA combined treatment group was divided into three groups according to vascular normalization window of endostar and 20 patients in each group: a combined treatment group 1 (transfusion of endostar after RFA), a combined treatment group 2 (transfusion of endostar for 1 to 3 d before RFA) and a combined treatment group 3 (transfusion of endostar for 4 to 7 d before RFA). The CT scan of the chest was followed up after the treatment, local recurrence and safety was observed. Results There was a statistical difference in local recurrence time among groups (χ2 = 11.05, P = 0.011). The effect of the combined treatment group is better than that of the radiofrequency ablation therapy alone group. And in the recombinant human endostatin of tumor vascular normalization time best combination therapy was observed in the near future effect compared with the radiofrequency ablation therapy alone. In this study common complications were associated with radiofrequency ablation. No recombinant human endostatin related complication was found. There was no satistical difference in safety between the combined treatment group and the radiofrequency ablation therapy group (χ2= 0.889, P > 0.05). Conclusion RFA combined with endostar is safe and effective for non-small cell lung cancer.