ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy and safety of interferon-alpha (IFN-α) combined with enticavir (ETV) for treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, so as to provide references for clinical practice. MethodsWe electronically searched databases including PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library (Issue 7, 2015), Web of Science, WanFang Data, CNKI, CBM and VIP from inception to July 20th, 2015, to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about IFN-α combined with ETV versus IFN-α or ETV monotherapy for treatment-naïve CHB patients. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. ResultsA total of 10 RCTs involving 964 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that:For HBV-DNA loss rate, HBeAg loss rate and HBeAg seroconversion rate, there were no significant differences between the combination therapy group and the monotherapy group at 12-week of treatment, but the combination therapy group was significantly superior to the monotherapy group at 24-and 48-week of treatment except that there was no significant difference between the combination therapy group and the IFN-α monotherapy group in HBeAg seroconversion at 48-week of treatment. For rate of ALT normalization, the combination therapy group was superior to the IFN-α monotherapy group at 12-and 24-week of treatment, but there were no significant differences between the combination therapy group and the ETV monotherapy group at 12-, 24-, and 48-week of treatment. For safety, no pooled analysis was performed because different outcomes were reported by included studies. ConclusionIFN-α combined with ETV is superior to IFN-α or ETV monotherapy in decreasing viral load, and promoting HBeAg loss and HBeAg seroconversion for treatment-naïve CHB patients, but the evidence of safety is insufficient. Due to the limited quantity and quality of included studies, the aforementioned conclusions still need to be further verified by conducting more large-scale, high quality RCTs.
Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of interferon (IFN) maintenance therapy in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Methods We searched MEDLINE (1966-Jan.2006), EMbase (1984-Jan.2006), The Cochrane Library(Issue 1, 2006)and the Chinese Biomedical Database (1980-Jan.2006). We checked the references in the reports of related studies and handsearched the education books of ASCO and ESMO meetings. The quality of the included trials was evaluated. Data were extracted by two reviewers independently into a specially designed extraction form. The Cochrane Collaboration’s RevMan 4.2.7 software was used for data analysis. Results Five randomized controlled trials involving 587 patients were included. The pooled result of the 5 studies showed that IFN plus chemotherapy induction treatment did not have a significant effect on 1-year (RR 1.19, 95%CI 0.88-1.6) or 2-year survival rate (RR 1.44, 95% CI 0.99-2.10). However, IFN maintenance therapy significantly increased 2-year (RR 2.08, 95%CI 1.16-3.72) and 1-year survival (RR 2.99, 95%CI 1.13-7.93). Conclusion IFN maintenance therapy may increase 2-year and 1-year survival rates after patients have achieved complete or partial response to chemotherapy. Further randomized, double-blind multi-center trials are needed to investigate this further.
Objective To examine the levels of interferon-gamma; (INF-gamma;), tumor necrosis factor-alpha; (TNF-alpha;) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in serum of patients with acute uveitis before and after treatment, and to explore the possible roles of those cytokines in the initiation and progression of the uveitis. Methods A series of 75 patients with acute uveitis,and 30 healthy persons from our hospital were investigated. The levels of INF-gamma;, TNF-alpha; and IL-6 in acute phase and convalescent phase were measured by the enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Result The serum levels of INF-gamma;, TNF-alpha; and IL-6 in acute phase were significantly higher than that of the convalescent phase and the healthy controls (F=65.805/50.418/155.381, P=0.000). A significant negative correlation was found between the serum levels of INF-gamma;, TNF-alpha; and IL-6 in acute phase with their initial visual acuity(r=-0.656, -0.592 and -0.653, Plt;0.01). There was also a positive correlation among the serum levels of INF-gamma;, TNF-alpha; and IL-6(r=0.340, 0.467 and 0.338, Plt;0.05). Conclusions There are high serum levels of INF-gamma;, TNF-alpha; and IL-6 in patients with acute uveitis, and the cytokines levels were decreased after the treatment. The results suggested that the INF-gamma;, TNF-alpha; and IL-6 involved in initiation and progression of uveitis.
目的 通过观察卵巢早衰 POF 患者外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞 Treg 及干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)的变化，探讨POF的免疫学发病机制。 方法 收集2011年12月－2012年9月就诊的POF患者17例，卵巢储备功能减退 DOR 患者11例，以及生殖中心健康育龄女性16例，流式细胞仪定量检测外周血Treg数量，Elisa方法检测血清IFN-γ、TGF-β的水平，并以FSH/LH评价卵巢储备功能，进行相关性分析。 结果 与对照组相比，POF组和DOR组IFN-γ水平增高 P＜0.01 、TGF-β水平降低 P＜0.01 ，POF患者及DOR患者Treg比例降低 P＜0.01 ，IFN-γ的增高与卵巢储备功能的下降呈显著正相关 r=0.70，P＜0.01 。 结论 Treg 和IFN-γ、TGF-β水平与卵巢早衰密切相关，IFN-γ对评估卵巢储备功能、预测卵巢早衰具有参考价值。
Objective To systematically review the effectiveness and safety interferon-α (IFN-α) combined with lamivudine vs. IFN-α alone in treating children with Hepatitis B. Methods Such databases as The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, CBM, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data were electronically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on IFN-α combined with lamivudine in treating children with hepatitis B. Two reviewers screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0 software. Results 8 RCTs were included, with comparable baseline. The results of meta-analysis showed that, compared to the IFN-α alone group, the combined therapy group had higher negative rates of serum HBV-DNA and HBeAg. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of anti-Hbe and the incidence of adverse reaction between the two groups. Conclusion Current evidence shows that IFN-α combined with lamivudine was more effective than IFN-α alone in treating children’s hepatitis B.
Objective To investigate the effects of transformin growth factor-beta (TGF-beta;) and interferon-gamma(IFN-gamma;)on collagen synthesis in human retinal pigment epithelial cells(RPE)． Methods TGF-beta;(0.01～10 ng/ml),recombinant IFN-gamma;(100～10000 Ｕ/ml)or a combination of two were added to cultures of RPE and collagen synthesis of the cells were measured by3 H-proline incorporation assay,indirect immunofluorescence staining and dot-blot hybridization. Results TGF-beta; at 10 ng/ml increased cell uptake of 3 H-proline to 130．87% of controls．It intensified Type IV,I and Ⅲ collagen fluorescent staining as well as mRNA expression．IFN-gamma; at 10000 Ｕ/ml caused 54．72% inhibition of 3 H-proline uptake by RPE,and decreased TypeⅣ collagen fluorescent staining as well as mRNA expression of Type Ⅳ,I and Ⅲ collagens. Conclusion TGF-beta; and IFN-gamma; stimulated and inhibited collagen synthesis of human RPE,respectively．The combination of two had antagonistic effects．IFN-gamma; can be used for inhibition of collagen synthesis of RPE. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 1999, 15: 245-248)
ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of interferon gene stimulating protein (STING) inhibitor (C176) on human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hRMEC) under oxidative stress. MethodsAn animal experimental study. In vivo experiment: 48 healthy male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into wild type mice group (WT group) and diabetes (DM) group, with 24 mice in each group. DM mice were induced by streptozotocin to establish DM model. After successful modeling, DM group was divided into DM+dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group and DM+C176 group, with 12 mice in each group. The mice in the DM+DMSO group were intraperitoneally injected with DMSO at the dose of 50 mg/kg. Mice in DM+C176 group were intraperitoneally injected with STING inhibitor C176 750 nmol at the dose of 50 mg/kg. Four weeks after modeling, immunohistochemical staining, Western blot and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the expression of STING in the retina of WT and DM mice. The leukocyte adhesion test was used to detect the number of leukocytes adhering to hRMEC in mice with WT, DM+DMSO and DM+C176 groups. In vitro experiment: hRMEC was randomly divided into conventional culture cell group (N group), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (with DMSO intervention) and C176 group (with C176 intervention). The cells were induced by 150 μg/ml glycation end products for each group. In vitro leukocyte adhesion test combined with 4', 6-diamino-2-phenylindole staining was used to detect the number of leukocytes adhering to hRMEC. The adherent leukocytes were quantitatively analyzed by flow cytometry; H2DCFDA/reactive oxygen species (ROS) fluorescence probe was used to detect ROS expression in cells; Seahorse XFe96 cell energy metabolism analyzer was used to measure the level of intracellular glycolysis. t-test was used to compare the two groups; single factor analysis of variance was used to compare the three groups. ResultsIn vivo experiment: compared with WT group, the expression level of STING (t=73.248) and the relative expression amount of mRNA (t=67.385) in the retina of DM group mice increased significantly (P＜0.05). Compared with WT group, the number of leukocytes adhering to the retinal vessels of mice in DM+DMSO group was significantly increased, while that in DM+C176 group was significantly decreased (F=84.352, P＜0.01). In vitro: compared with N group and DMSO group, the number of leukocyte adhesion on hRMEC in C176 group decreased significantly (F=35.251, P＜0.01). Compared with N group, the number of leukocytes adhering to hRMEC in DMSO group and C176 group decreased significantly (F=26.374, P＜0.01). The ROS level in hRMEC in C176 group was significantly lower than that in N group and C176 group (F=41.362, P＜0.01). Compared with N group and DMSO group, the glycolysis level of hRMEC in C176 group was significantly reduced, with a statistically significant difference (F=68.741, P＜0.01). ConclusionInhibiting the expression of STING in retinal vascular endothelial cells can improve the progress of DM by inhibiting leukocyte adhesion, ROS production and glycolysis level.