ObjectiveTo summarize the experience of totally thoracoscopic cardiac surgery (TTCS) for atrial septal defect.MethodsClinical data of 442 patients undergoing TTCS for atrial septal defect from May 2008 to December 2018 in Shanghai Yodak Cardiothoracic Hospital was analyzed retrospectively. There were 149 male and 293 female patients, aged 3-74 (29.1±14.3) years. Surgical procedures were performed through 3 ports at the right chest wall.ResultsAll the operations were completed successfully. Mean operative time was 1.5-4.6 (2.2±0.3) h. The mean extracorporeal circulation and aortic cross-clamp time was 28-118 (55.9±13.3) min and 8-78 (21.5±10.2) min, respectively. Mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit stay time was 3.5-122.0 (8.1±7.4) h and 13-141 (20.7±10.2) h, respectively. Postoperation drainage volume was 70-1 280 (251.8±131.5) mL. The hospital stay was 4-16 (7.1±1.4) d. Intraoperative and postoperative complications occurred in 15 patients (3.3%). The mean follow-up time was 1-128 (67.6±33.3) months, and during the period, there were 25 patients of atrial fibrillation, 25 patients of mild-moderate tricuspid valve incompetence, 1 patient of moderate tricuspid valve incompetence. There was no reoperation or residual shunt during the period of follow-up. And the heart function was improved.ConclusionTTCS is a feasible, safe and minimal invasive approach for patients with atrial septal defect and has good short to medium-term outcomes.
ObjectiveTo summarize clinical outcomes of atrial septal defect (ASD)occlusion for patients with ASD and tricuspid regurgitation (TR). MethodsBetween July 2006 and January 2012, 98 patients with ASD and TR under-went ASD occlusion in Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. There were 36 male and 62 female patients with their age aging from 2 months to 80 years. All ASD were secundum ASD with their diameter of 3-23 mm. There were 60 patients with mild TR, 28 patients with moderate TR, and 10 patients with severe TR. All the patients received ASD closure without specific management for TR, including 51 patients under digital subtraction angiography (DSA), 46 patients via a minithoracotomy approach, and 1 patient guided by transthoracic echocardiography. All the patients were followed up with echocardiography to evaluate changes of TR after ASD closure. ResultsThere was no in-hospital death. ASD occlusion was not successful in 1 patient who was found to have residual ASD shunt on the third postoperative day. Another patient underwent reexploration for abnormal bleeding on the third postoperative day. All the other patients had uneventful postoperative recovery. Eighty-four patients were followed up for 1-64 (26.56±21.35)months. During follow-up, the patient who have residual ASD shunt on the third postoperative day received open chest repair 6 months after discharge. TR of 73 patients (86.90%)improved in different degrees. Preoperative severe TR in 10 patients changed into mild TR in 8 patients, moderate TR in 1 patients and still severe TR in 1 patient. Preoperative moderate TR in 26 patients changed into none TR in 6 patients, mild TR in 18 patients and still moderate TR in 2 patients. Preoperative mild TR in 48 patients changed into none TR in 40 patients and still mild TR in 8 patients. ConclusionFor patients with ASD and TR, conservative treatment strategy is recommended. Simple ASD closure can provide satisfactory clinical outcomes, and also avoid adverse complications of cardiopulmonary bypass including myocardial injury and lung injury.
ObjectiveTo compare the effects of transthoracic device closure and traditional surgical repair on atrial septal defect systemically.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, VIP, CNKI, CBM, Wanfang Database up to July 31, 2018 to identify trials according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality was assessed and data of included articles were extracted. The meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.3 and Stata 12.0 software.ResultsThirty studies were identified, including 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 27 cohort studies involving 3 321 patients. For success rate, the transthoracic closure group was lower than that in the surgical repair group (CCT, OR=0.34, 95%CI 0.16 to 0.69, P=0.003). There was no statistical difference in mortality between the two groups (CCT, OR=0.43, 95%CI 0.12 to 1.52, P=0.19). Postoperative complication occurred less frequently in the transthoracic closure group than that in the surgical repair group (RCT, OR=0.30, 95%CI 0.12 to 0.77, P=0.01; CCT, OR=0.27, 95%CI 0.17 to 0.42, P<0.000 01). The risk of postoperative arrhythmia in the transthoracic closure group was lower than that in the surgical repair group (CCT, OR=0.56, 95%CI 0.34 to 0.90, P=0.02). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of postoperative residual shunt in postoperative one month (CCT, OR=4.52, 95%CI 0.45 to 45.82, P=0.20) and in postoperative one year (CCT, OR=1.03, 95%CI 0.29 to 3.68, P=0.97) between the two groups. Although the duration of operation (RCT MD=–55.90, 95%CI –58.69 to –53.11, P<0.000 01; CCT MD=–71.68, 95%CI –79.70 to –63.66, P<0.000 01), hospital stay (CCT, MD=–3.31, 95%CI –4.16, –2.46, P<0.000 01) and ICU stay(CCT, MD=–10.15, 95%CI –14.38 to –5.91, P<0.000 01), mechanical ventilation (CCT, MD=–228.68, 95%CI –247.60 to –209.77, P<0.000 01) in the transthoracic closure group were lower than those in the traditional surgical repair group, the transthoracic closure costed more than traditional surgical repair during being in the hospital (CCT, MD=1 221.42, 95%CI 1 124.70 to 1 318.14, P<0.000 01).ConclusionCompared with traditional surgical repair, the transthoracic closure reduces the hospital stay, shortens the length of ICU stay and the duration of ventilator assisted ventilation, while has less postoperative complications. It is safe and reliable for patients with ASD within the scope of indication.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel wire for echo-guiding percutaneous atrial septal defect (ASD) closure.MethodsTwenty sheep were randomly divided into two groups, an experimental group and a control group (n=10 in each group). In both groups, an animal model of ASD was established by transthoracic balloon dilatation, and percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect was finished only by echography guiding. The total procedure time, passing time (time needed for the guide wire to enter the left atrium), frequency of delivery sheath dropping into right atrium, frequency of arrhythmias and rate of complications were compared between the two groups.ResultsASD model was uneventfully established in all animals. ASD devices were successfully implanted in all sheep. Compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly less mean procedure time and mean passing time, lower frequency of guide wire dropping into right atrium and frequency of atrial and ventricular premature contractions, respectively (15.36±4.86 min vs. 25.82±7.85 min, 2.69±0.82 min vs. 5.58±3.34 min, 0% vs. 40.0%, 4.41±2.61 vs. 9.60±3.68, 0.75±0.36 vs. 1.34±0.68; all P<0.05) . Two groups did not have serious complications within postoperative one week.ConclusionThe novel wire system is not only safe and effective in the treatment of ASD occlusion, but also easy to operate.
目的 探讨组织多普勒（TDI）Tei指数评价房间隔缺损（ASD）无并发肺动脉高压患者右室功能的改变。 方法 选取2012年3月－10月无并发肺动脉高压的继发孔型房间隔缺损患者31例（ASD组）及健康体检者30例（对照组），应用TDI成像获取三尖瓣环运动频谱，测定频谱图上Aa 峰至S峰的时间（等容收缩时间，ICT），S峰的持续时间（射血时间，ET）和S峰至Ea峰的时间（等容舒张时间，IRT），计算右室Tei指数。房缺组Tei指数及相关参数与缺损大小和患者年龄作相关性研究。 结果 ASD损无并发肺动脉高压患者右室等容收缩时间（ICT）低于正常对照[（45 ± 7）、（59 ± 8）ms，P＜0.001]，右室等容舒张时间（IRT）高于正常对照[（85 ± 5）、（78 ± 14）ms，P＜0.01]，房缺组Tei指数低于正常对照（0.48 ± 0.03、0.52 ± 0.05，P＜0.001）。房缺组的缺损大小与Tei指数、ICT呈负相关（r=?0.61，P＜0.01；r=?0.44，P＜0.05），而患者年龄与Tei指数、ICT及IRT呈正相关（r=0.69，P＜0.001；r=0.75，P＜0.001；r=0.63，P＜0.001）。 结论 TDI Tei指数是无创、有效和快捷评价右室功能的方法；ASD无并发肺动脉高压患者的ICT缩短，Tei指数减低，右室收缩和整体功能增强，而IRT延长，舒张功能受损；缺损越大，右室收缩和整体功能越强；年龄越大，右室整体功能相对减低。
Objective To analyze the safety and effectiveness of ultrasound-guided thoracoscopic atrial septal defect (ASD) closure. Methods We prospectively collected the clinical data of 12 patients with ASD treated by ultrasound-guided thoracoscopic ASD closure in Fuwai Hospital from January to September 2017. The characteristics of the patients' ASD and operation, operation safety and effectiveness, postoperative complications and follow-up results were analyzed. Results Among the 12 patients, 10 were successfully treated with ultrasound-guided thoracoscopic ASD closure. Two patients switched to ASD repair under thoracoscopy-assisted cardiopulmonary bypass. The size of the ASD was 17-40 (27.22±8.97) mm and the size of the occluder was 36 (30-42) mm. The average postoperative length of hospital stay was 6 days. There were no complications such as arrhythmia, bleeding and pericardial effusion after operation. The average follow-up was 6 (3-10) months after the operation. During the follow-up, no Ⅲ-degree conduction block, occluder dislocation, residual shunt or cardiac pericardial effusion was found. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided thoracoscopic ASD closure is a minimally invasive, safe and effective treatment. This technique provides a new minimally invasive surgical option for patients with large defect diameter and poor edge condition.