目的:总结同种异体肾移植手术的手术配合。方法:回顾总结30例肾移植的手术过程及手术配合。结果:30例患者术程顺利,术中无并发症发生。结论:充分的术前准备、术中密切配合是肾移植手术顺利进行的关键,及时准确应用各类药物、严格无菌管理,对保证手术成功及肾移植受者长期存活具有重要意义。
【摘要】 目的 探讨加强护理干预措施对呼吸机相关性肺炎发病率的影响。 方法 将2007年1月-2008年12月收住在重症监护病房行有创机械通气治疗的96例患者，随机分为对照组和治疗组，每组48例，比较不同护理干预对呼吸机相关性肺炎的影响。 结果 对照组VAP发生率52%（25/48），治疗组VAP发生率23%（11/48），两组比较有统计学意义（χ2=8.711，P=0.003）。 结论 针对VAP感染的环节加强气管导管气囊的管理、吸痰、口腔护理等干预措施可以有效降低VAP的发生率。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the impact of nursing intervention on ventilation-associated pneumonia. Methods A total of 96 patients from January 2007 to December 2008 who had undergone invasive mechanical ventilation in ICU were randomly divided into a trial group and a control group with 48 patients in each. The impact of the different nursing intervention on ventilator-associated pneumonia were compared. Results The incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) was 52% (25/48) in the control group, and 23% (11/48) in the trial group;the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=8.711，P=0.003). Conclusion The nursing intervention in VAP infection chain, such as the management of tracheal suction catheter balloon, aspiration of sputum, and oral care interventions, can reduce the incidence of VAP effectively.
Objective To search for, assess, and summarize the best evidence for antimicrobial allergy assessment in hospitalized patients, so as to provide an evidence-based basis for clinical nursing practice. Methods UpToDate, BMJ Best Practice, National Guideline Clearinghouse, Guidelines International Network, Yimaitong, JBI Evidence Synthesis, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, CQVIP, SinoMed, and related association websites were searched by computer for literature about clinical decisions, guidelines, expert consensuses, evidence summaries, systematic reviews and meta-analyses related to antimicrobial allergy assessment in hospitalized patients. The search time limit was from the establishment of the databases to September 2024. Two researchers trained in evidence-based practice screened the literature and evaluated the quality independently. Finally, the evidence-based research group extracted and integrated the evidence after discussion. Results Totally 8 articles were involved, including 6 guidelines and 2 systematic reviews. Finally, 25 pieces of best evidence were obtained across 6 aspects, including the importance of antimicrobial allergy assessment, the subjects of allergy assessment, the personnel conducting allergy assessment, the content of allergy assessment, the recording of allergy history, and assessment tips. Conclusion When applying and transforming evidence, medical staff should fully consider the actual clinical situation and explore the evaluation scheme of antimicrobial allergy history of hospitalized patients with local characteristics, to improve the accuracy of evaluation of antimicrobial allergy history of hospitalized patients, so as to strengthen the safety management of drug use and improve the level of rational drug use.
目的:总结喉返神经修复重建术围手术期的护理配合。方法：我科2007年10～11月手术治疗双侧喉返神经麻痹患者3例，手术前加强患者的心理护理、密切观察病情变化，及时处理声带麻痹引起的喉梗阻、误吸、呛咳等症状。术后重视体位护理、呼吸道的管理、保证药物及时准确使用，协助患者进行正确的吞咽进食训练、声带协调运动训练等康复护理。结果：3例患者术后均获完整随访，3月后均顺利拔除气管套管，无吸气性呼吸困难，无发音困难，嗓音质量较术前明显改善。结论：良好的围手术期护理有助于手术的成功。