Objective To review new progress of related research of peri pheral nerve defect treatment with tissue engineering in recent years. Methods Domestic and internationl l iterature concerning peri pheral nerve defect treatment with tissue engineering was reviewed and analyzed. Results Releasing neurotrophic factors with sustained release technology included molecular biology techniques, poly (lactic-co-glycol ic acid) microspheres, and polyphosphate microspheres. The mixture of neurotrophic factors and ductus was implanted to the neural tube wall which could be degraded then releasing factors slowly. Seed cells which were the major source of active ingredients played an important role in the repair and reconstruction of tissue engineering products. The neural tube of Schwann cells made long nerve repair and the quality of nerve regeneration was improved. Nerve scaffold materials included natural and synthetic biodegradable materials. Tube structure usually was adopted for nerve scaffold, which performance would affect the nerve repair effects directly. Conclusion With the further research of tissue engineering, the treatment of peripheral nerve defects with tissue engineering has made significant progress.
【Abstract】 Objective To develop a novel cartilage acellular matrix (CACM) scaffold and to investigate its performance for cartilage tissue engineering. Methods Human cartilage microfilaments about 100 nm-5 μm were prepared after pulverization and gradient centrifugation and made into 3% suspension after acellularization treatment. After placing the suspension into moulds, 3-D porous CACM scaffolds were fabricated using a simple freeze-drying method. The scaffolds were cross-l inked by exposure to ultraviolet radiation and immersion in a carbodiimide solution 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysucinimide. The scaffolds were investigated by histological staining, SEM observation and porosity measurement, water absorption rate analysis. MTT test was also done to assess cytotoxicity of the scaffolds. After induced by conditioned medium including TGF-β1, canine BMSCs were seeded into the scaffold. Cell prol iferation and differentiation were analyzed using inverted microscope and SEM. Results The histological staining showed that there are no chondrocytefragments in the scaffolds and that toluidine blue, safranin O and anti-collagen II immunohistochemistry staining werepositive. The novel 3-D porous CACM scaffold had good pore interconnectivity with pore diameter (155 ± 34) μm, 91.3% ± 2.0% porosity and 2 451% ± 155% water absorption rate. The intrinsic cytotoxicity assessment of novel scaffolds using MTT test showed that the scaffolds had no cytotoxic effect on BMSCs. Inverted microscope showed that most of the cells attached to the scaffold. SEM micrographs indicated that cells covered the scaffolds uniformly and majority of the cells showed the round or ell iptic morphology with much matrix secretion. Conclusion The 3-D porous CACM scaffold reserved most of extracellular matrix after thoroughly decellularization, has good pore diameter and porosity, non-toxicity and good biocompatibil ity, which make it a suitable candidate as an alternative cell-carrier for cartilage tissue engineering.
Six cases of old fracture of the tibia with large sear, bony defect, and shortening deformity of the limb were treated by elongation osteotomy at epiphysis and compression fixation of the fracture with external semilunar fixation frame. The bony defect ranged from 3cm to 6cm. Bony healing developed in all patients 4-7 months after operation. Early postoperative movement was suggested. The results revealed that there was an obvious improvement of the joint function and the shortened legs were corrected. The advantages of this method are that there is no need of bone grafting and operative treatment of the scar prior to treatment of the bone.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of anterior subcutaneous internal fixator combined with posterior plate in the treatment of unstable pelvic fractures.MethodsBetween January 2015 and January 2019, 26 cases of unstable pelvic fractures were treated with anterior subcutaneous internal fixator combined with posterior plate. There were 16 males and 10 females, with an average age of 42.8 years (range, 25-66 years). According to the Tile classification, 9 of them belonged to type B2, 6 to type B3, 7 to type C1, 3 to type C2, 1 to type C3. The injury severity score (ISS) was 6-43 (mean, 18.3). Four cases combined with brain injury, 7 with limb fractures, 3 with hemopneumothorax, 1 with sciatic nerve injury. The time from injury to operation was 4-12 days (mean, 6.4 days). The intraoperative blood loss, operation time, and the complications were recorded. The fracture reduction and the postoperative function of patients were evaluated.ResultsAll patients were followed up 12-26 months (mean, 16.8 months). The operation time was 65-142 minutes (mean, 72.5 minutes) and the intraoperative blood loss was 42-124 mL (mean, 64.2 mL). There were 2 cases of unilateral lateral femoral cutaneous nerve stimulation, 1 case of femoral nerve paralysis, and 1 case of superficial infection of incision, which were cured after corresponding treatment. X-ray films showed that all fractures healed at 3 months after operation. At last follow-up, according to Matta criteria for fracture reduction, the results were excellent in 8 cases, good in 15 cases, fair in 2 cases, and poor in 1 case, with an excellent and good rate of 88.5%. According to Majeed scoring system for pelvic function, the results were excellent in 10 cases, good in 12 cases, and fair in 4 cases, with an excellent and good rate of 84.6%.ConclusionFor unstable pelvic fractures, the anterior subcutaneous internal fixator combined with posterior plate has fewer operative complications, high security, and achieve good effectiveness.
Objective To study the feasibility of using mice marrow stromal stem cells(MSCs) as seed cells for tissue engineering cartilage to embed the seed cells in acellular cartilage matrix of human auricle. Methods Acellular cartilage matrix was made from human auricle cartilage. The MSCs were isolated from the nucleated cells fraction of mice marrow by centrifuge.The MSCs were embedded in acellular cartilage matrix. After 10 day’s combined culture, the specimens were observed with optical and electrical microscope.Results The MSCs could well proliferate in the acellular cartilage matrix. The cells were not well-distributed in acellular cartilage matrix. There were more cells in the peripheral part of the matrix than in the central part of the matrix. Most of the cells were in cartilaginous lacunae. There were 1 or 2 cells in every cartilaginous lacunae.Conclusion The MSCs can be used as seed cells of tissue engineering and can well proliferate in the acellular cartilage matrix and become tissue engineering cartilage.
Objective To explore a novel nanometer biomaterial which could induce the regeneration of tooth tissues intell igently, and to evaluate the feasibil ity of using this kind of biomaterial as the scaffold for tooth tissue engineering by investigating the role it plays in tooth tissue engineering. Methods The scaffold for tooth tissue engineering containing recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) was prepared by mixing nanoscale β tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/collagen particles. Forty-six 8-10 weeks old specific pathogen free Sprague Dawley (SD)rats, including 34 females and 12 males, weighing 250-300 g, were involved in this study. Tooth germs were removed under a stereomicroscope from the mandible of newborn SD rat, then digested and suspended. Scanning electronic microscope (SEM), adhesion rate of cells, and MTT assay were used to evaluate the effects of the scaffold on the tooth germ cells cultured in vitro. The tissue engineered tooth germ which was constructed by tooth germ cells and scaffold was transplanted under SD rat’s kidney capsule as the experimental group (n=12); the tooth germ cells (cell-control group, n=12) or scaffold without cells (material-control group, n=4) were transplanted separately as control groups Specimens were harvested to perform general and histological observations at 4 and 8 weeks after transplantation. Results β-TCP/collagen showed a loose and porous appearance with soft texture and excellent hydrophil icity. Tooth germ cells grew well and could attach to the scaffold tightly 3 days after coculture. The adhesion rates of tooth germ cells were 27.20% ± 2.37%, 44.52% ± 1.87%, and 73.81% ± 4.15% when cocultured with scaffold for 4, 8, and 12 hours, respectively. MTT assay showed that the cell prol iferation status of experimental group was similar to that of the control group, showing no significant difference (P gt; 0.05). Some white calcified specimens could be harvested at 4-8 weeks after transplantation. At 4 weeks after transplantation some typical structures of dental cusp and enamel-dentin l ike tissues could be seen in the experimental group. Enamel-dentin l ike tissues also formed in some specimens of cell-control group, but they arranged irregularly. At 8 weeks after transplantation the enamel-dentin l ike tissue of experimental group exhibited a mature appearance and organized structure in comparison with that at 4 weeks. And mature enamel or dentin l ike tissue also could be seen in cell-control group. In contrast, there was no enamel or dentin l ike tissue in material-control group at 4 or 8 weeks after transplantation. Conclusion rhBMP-2 decorated β-TCP/collagen scaffold has good biocompatibil ity and can be used as a novel nanometer biomaterial, so it is a good choice in scaffolds for tooth tissue engineering.
ObjectiveTo analyze the impact of social resources on self-management in patients undergoing coronary stent implantation, and provide evidence for nurses to predict patients' self-management behavior and take intervening measures. MethodsA convenience sample of 359 patients undergoing coronary stent implantation between July and December 2013 was selected according to the criteria. Three instruments were used to collect data including general data scale, chronic illness resources survey (CIRS) and coronary artery disease self-management scale (CSMS). ResultsThe score of CIRS among 359 patients was 2.77±0.60, and the scores of six subscales in descending order were support of neighborhood/community, media and policy, and family and friends, and personal coping, and support of physician/health care team, and organizations. The total score of CSMS was 55.58±10.59, and the scores of three subscales in descending order were:daily management, emotion management, and medical management. The total self-management score and factor scores of CIRS were significantly correlated with the total and factor scores of CSMS (r=0.183-0.663, P<0.05), while the correlation of support of physician/health care team and family and friends with daily life management was negative (r=-0.215, -0.294; P<0.05). ConclusionIn this study, patients' total social resources are at a low level; the standard of self-management is at a moderate level, while medical management has the lowest score; good social resources can promote self-management, but supports from medical staff, family and friends are bad for patients' daily life management.