【摘要】 目的 探讨全自动尿沉渣分析仪在尿管型检测中的应用。 方法 收集尿管型患者晨尿标本836份。所有标本均经尿干化学分析仪检测Pro≥1+或尿沉渣分析仪提示有管型。采用UF100全自动尿沉渣分析仪和显微镜检测管型，对比分析两者的检测结果。 结果 836份标本中，UF100全自动尿沉渣分析仪检测阳性者320例，占38.28%；显微镜检测阳性者195例，占23.33%。其中UF100全自动尿沉渣分析仪的假阳性率为26.52%，假阴性率为23.08%。UF100尿沉渣分析仪与显微镜检测管型的阳性结果比较，差异有统计学意义（Plt;0.01）。 结论 UF100全自动尿沉渣仪能快速筛检尿沉渣，但存在一定的假阴性，必须同时将其检测结果与尿干化学结果结合考虑以决定是否再进行显微镜检测，减少假阴性以防止漏检。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the application of UF-100 full-auto urine sediment analyzer in detecting cylindruia. Methods 836 specimens with cylindruia were selected. All the specimens with Pro≥1+ were dectected by chemical dipstick or cylindruia by urine sediment analyzer. The cast were detected by urine sediment analyzer and microscope, and the results were compared. Results Of 836 specimens, 320 positive samples(38.28%) were found by UF-100 while 195 (23.33%) were found by microscope. False positive rate and false negative rate of UF100 were 26.52% and 23.08%. Compared the results of urine sediment analyzer with microscope, the difference was statistically significant (Plt;0.01). Conclusions UF100 can detect urinary cast quickly, but there is a little high false negative rate. So we should consider urine sample whether to be detected by microscope compared with results of UF100 and chemical dipstick.
Objective To observe the corneal nerve fibres damage in different stage of diabetic retinopathy (DR) with type 2 diabetes. Methods A cross-sectional study. One hundred and twenty eyes of 120 patients with type 2 diabetes served as diabetes group. According to International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Severity Scales (2002), diabetes patients were classified into 4 subgroups: patients without diabetic retinopathy (NDR), patients with mild or moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (mNPDR), patients with severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (sNPDR) and patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), each subgroup has 30 eyes of 30 patients. Another 30 eyes of 30 healthy participants served as control group. All eyes were scanned with HRT3 in vivo corneal confocal microscopy. Images of sub-basal nerve plexus were quantified including nerve fiber length (NFL), nerve fiber density (NFD), nerve fiber branch density (NFB), and nerve tortuosity (NT). The correlations of corneal nerve fiber with age, duration of diabetes and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were analyzed using Spearman correlation analysis. Results NFL, NFD and NFB were found to be significantly lower in diabetic patients (F=147.315, 142.586, 65.898;P=0.000, 0.000, 0.000), NT was significantly greater in diabetic patients (F=39.431,P=0.000), when compared to control group. In diabetic patients, NFL, NFD and NFB were gradually reduced with DR severity, NT was gradually increased with DR severity. While the difference of NFL, NFD, NFB, NT was not statistically significant between sNPDR and PDR subgroups (P＞0.05), but was statistically significant between other subgroups (P＜0.05). Spearman correlation analysis results showed that age (r=－0.071, －0.080, 0.001, 0.100;P=0.391, 0.328, 0.991, 0.224) and HbA1c (r=－0.109, －0.115, －0.126, 0.025;P=0.238, 0.211, 0.169, 0.781) had no correlation with NFL, NFD, NFB, NT. Duration of diabetes was negatively correlated with the NFL, NFD (r=－0.212, －0.264;P= 0.020, 0.004), positive correlated with NT (r=0.261,P=0.004), and had no correlation with NFB (r=－0.119,P=0.194). Conclusions Corneal nerve fiber loss and nerve tortuosity increased were found in patients with type 2 diabetes, and even without diabetic retinopathy. The progress of corneal neuropathy was correlated with the severity of DR, but it was not change significantly between sNPDR and PDR.
Objective To study on the ultrastructural characteristic of segments of photoreceptors from neonatal retinas for supporting donor retina choice of retinal transplantation． Methods Photoreceptors from neonatal calf and adult calf were analysed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy． Results Segments of photoreceptors from neonatal calf appeared the mushroom pattern, in which, distal end of outer segment which was ball-shaped formed the head with mushrooms appearance, and the inner segments along with some of outer segments formed the body with mushrooms appearance． Within the outer segment, plasma membranes of adjacent evaginations form a disk subsequently． The a rray of most disks were vertical to the entire length of segments, but some were parallel and slope to．Owing to the incomplete formation, some rim of disk near distal end of outer segment revealed step-shaped appearance． The distal end of outer segment displays some processes consisted of membranous discs, much vesicular material and mitochondria, much rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and numerous polyso mes．Segments of photoreceptor connected with outer nuclear layer via the external limiting membrane． Conclusion The typical morphol ogical structures of outer segments suggest the immature and b gowth ability of photoreceptors of the retina of neonatal calf, and therefore the competence for donor material of retinal transplantation． (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,227-229)
ObjectiveTo compare the imaging characteristics and detection of various types of lesions in diabetic retinopathy (DR) with colorful laser scanning fundus imaging (MSLI) and traditional color fundus photography (CFP).MethodsProspective case series observational study. A total of 38 eyes of 38 patients with DR diagnosed by clinical examination were included in the study. Among them, 21 were male and 17 were female; the mean age was 62.6±11.2 years; the average duration of diabetes was 14.3±7.5 years. All the patients were performed CFP, MSLI, frequency domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fluorescein angiography (FFA) examination. Using the Helielberg Spectralis HRA+OCT MSLI inspection, one scan simultaneously obtained 488 nm blue reflection (BR), 515 nm green light reflection (GR), 820 nm infrared light reflection (IR), and multicolor image (MC). The detection of traditional CFP and MC on microaneurysm (MA), hard exudation (HEX), cotton plaque (CWS), intraretinal hemorrhage (IRH), intraretinal microvascular abnormality (IRMA), venous bead (VB), venous ring (VL), macular edema (DME), macular anterior membrane (MEM) and laser photocoagulation (LB) were comparatively observed. The results of FFA examination were used as the diagnostic criteria for lesions. SD-OCT was used to determine the location and depth of lesions and the diagnostic reference for DME and MEM.ResultsThe numbers of eyes with MA (χ2=10.460), DME (χ2=4.006), MEM (χ2=4.444) was significantly higher in MC than that of traditional CFP. But the number of eyes with IRH (χ2=0.103), CWS (χ2=1.515), HEX (χ2=0.227), IRMA (χ2=0.051), VB (χ2=0.001), VL (χ2=0.149), VH (χ2=0.693) and LB (χ2=0.720) were not statistically significant between two methods (P>0.05). The imaging quality of MSLI mode is obviously better than that of traditional CFP. Among them, GR imaging shows the best structural changes of superficial retina in MA, CWS, HEX, MEM, etc. IR imaging shows clear depth in deep retina such as LB. DME was green on MC and the weak low-reflection dark area was visible on the IR image, which were consistent with the DME range indicated by the SD-OCT examination.ConclusionsCompared with the traditional CFP, the MSLI can clearly show the DR lesion. The number of checkouts is high on MA, DME and MEM by MC image.
Purpose To observe the pathologic changes of retinal photic injury in mice. Methods A light damaged trunk was designed by ourselves.The mice were given an intermitent light exposure for 3 days,12 hours light exposure every day and 12 hours dark adaption before every exposure.Experimental animals were sacrificed on the 1st,6th,12th,18th and 30th day after light injury,and the eyes were enucleated for light and electronic microscopy observation. Results The early pathologic changes including disc membrance swelling,disorganization in outer segments,and mitochondrial swelling,spherical change in inner segments．Then the chromatin densification,liquefaction and margination,and the shrinkage of nuclear membrance were found in the nuclear layer.Finally the outer nuclear layer became thin and disappeared.The apical microvill of RPE cell disappeared and basic fold became flat in some samples. Conclusion The photoreceptor degeneration was the pathologic characteristic of retinal photic injury in mice. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1998,14:215-218)
Purpose To verify the effectiveness of combined B-scan ultrasonoscopy and ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM)imagings in diagnosis of retinal detachments. Methods To contrast the manifestations in vitrectomy operations with the findings of preoperative combined B-scan ultrasonic and UBM examinations in 25 eyes of 25 cases in which 18 eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and 7 eyes with traumatic retinal detachment were included. Results B-scan ultrasonic imagings were divided into four types: type C,type V,type upsilon; and type gamma;,which included 6 eyes,2 eyes,4 eyes and 11 eyes respectively,and from type C to type gamma;,the retinal detachments manifested themselves from simple posterior segment proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR)to both anterior and posterior PVR.The imagings of UBM were divided into 3 types:shallow retinal detachment,retinal circumferential contraction and retinal anterior displacement,which reflected the degree of anterior PVR from lightness to severeness. Conclusions The technique of combined B-scan ultrasonoscopy and UBM can be used to access the severity of the retinal detachments,hence would be beneficial in diagnosing anterior and posterior PVR,designing the surgical precedures and assessing the prognosis. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1998,14:16-20)
Objective To explore the positive rate of scanning laser ophthalmoscope in the retromode (RM-SLO) in different types of diabetic macular edema (DME), and to analyze its correlation with foveal thickness (CMT) and macular volume. MethodsFrom March to May 2021, 40 patients (65 eyes) were diagnosed as DME by fundus examination combined with optical coherence tomography (OCT) in Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University at Hangzhou were included in the study. All eyes underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), OCT and RM-SLO fundus imaging examinations, 47 eyes underwent fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) examination. RM-SLO fundus imaging examinations were performed with Mirante SLO, including retro mode illumination deviated right (RMDR) and retro mode illumination deviated left (RMDL). If one or more of the RMDR and RMDL of the examined patient can identify macular edema, RM-SLO was considered to be able to identify macular edema. The macular volume at CMT and 6 mm from the fovea was measured by OCT software. DME were divided into 3 types based on OCT images: diffuse retinal thinkening (DRT) type; cystoid macular edema(CME) type; serous retinal detachment (SRD) type, focal leakage type, diffuse leakage type and diffuse cystic leakage type. The consistency of RMDR and RMDL in the diagnosis of DME in RM-SLO fundus imaging was evaluated, as well as their positive rate in different classifications of DME. The correlation between the detection of macular edema by RM-SLO and the DME type, CMT and foveal volume, and the correlation between BCVA and edema type, CMT and macular volume were analyzed. ResultsAmong 65 eyes, the positive rates of RMDR and RMDL fundus imaging to detect DME were 46 (70.77%, 46/65) and 48 (73.85%, 48/65), respectively. There was good consistency in identifying DME (Kappa value=0.770; P＜0.001). The positive rates of RMDR and RMDL fundus imaging DRT, CME and SRD type of DME were 42.11% (8/19), 57.89% (11/19), 77.78% (28/36), 77.78% (28/36), 100.00% (10/10), 90.00% (9/10), respectively. In the FFA classification of them, the positive rates of focal leakage, diffuse leakage and diffuse cystic leakage were 68.75% (11/16), 62.50% (10/16), 68.00% (17/25), 76.00% (19/25), 100.00% (6/6), 100.00% (6/6), respectively. The results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that whether RM-SLO could identify DME was associated with CMT and OCT classification (r=0.310, 0.365; P=0.120, 0.003); there was no correlation between FFA classification and macular volume (r=0.113, 0.117; P=0.449, 0.352). BCVA was correlated with CMT and macular volume (r=0.307, 0.269; P=0.013, 0.030), however, there was no significant correlation with OCT type, angiographic type (r=0.051, 0.175; P=0.684, 0.240). ConclusionThe diagnostic agreement of DME are good between RMDR, RMDL of RM-SLO image. DME of DRT type and patients with smaller CMT in OCT are difficult to identified by RM-SLO fundus imaging.