ObjectiveTo explore the values of CA19-9, CA242, CEA, and CA125 single or combined detection on clinical diagnosis and prognosis for patients with pancreatic cancer. MethodsSerum tumor markers CA199, CA242, CEA, and CA125 of 63 patients with pancreatic cancer, 33 patients with cancer of bile duct, and 27 patients with benign pancreatic disease were detected, and those patients were followed up after operation. ResultsThe levels of CA19-9, CA242, CEA, and CA125 in patients with pancreatic cancer were significantly higher than those in patients with benign pancreatic disease and cancer of bile duct (Plt;0.05). The sensitivity of CA19-9 alone was the highest in the four tumor markers for the patients with pancreatic cancer 〔79.4% (50/63)〕, but the specificity (61.9%) was lower than that of CA242 (83.3%) and CEA (80.0%). The specificity of combined detection of CA199+CA242+CEA was the highest 〔93.3% (56/60)〕. The level of CA19-9 in carcinoma of body/tail of pancreas was significantly higher than that of carcinoma of pancreas head or whole pancreas (Plt;0.05). The serum levels of CA19-9 and CA242 in patients with stage Ⅳ were significantly higher than those in stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ/Ⅲ (Plt;0.05). Fifteen patients were lost to follow up, 48 patients were followed up 2－12 months with an average 6 months. The levels of CA242 and CA199 in patients with pancreatic cancer on 0.5 month and 3 months after operation were lower than those before operation (Plt;0.05). ConclusionsSingle detection of CA19-9 can improve the diagnostic sensitivity, and combined detection of tumor markers CA199+CA242+CEA can improve the diagnostic specificity. CA19-9 or CA242 is a valuable marker for evaluating treatment effects and estimating prognosis.
Objective To explore the application of nutritional and inflammatory markers in the prognosis assessment of resectable pancreatic cancer, and to provide new ideas for the prognosis assessment of patients with pancreatic cancer. Method The recent studies on nutritional and inflammatory markers for prognosis of resectable pancreatic cancer at home and abroad were reviewed. Results Radical pancreaticoduodenectomy was the preferred treatment for patients with resectable pancreatic cancer. Poor nutritional status and severe systemic inflammatory response were closely related to postoperative tumor recurrence and other poor prognosis. Nutritional and inflammatory markers played an important role in evaluating the prognosis of resectable pancreatic cancer. Conclusion Nutritional and inflammatory markers, as simple and economical prognostic indicators, have broad clinical application prospects in the prognostic assessment of resectable pancreatic cancer.
Objective To summarize the domestic and abroad articles related to the research on the relation between microRNA （miRNA） and pancreatic cancer，and explore the important effects of miRNA expression patterns in diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Methods “microRNA and pancreatic cancer” were searched as key words by PubMed and CNKI series full-text database retrieval systems from 2000 to 2012. Totally 60 English papers and 15 Chinese papers were obtained. Choice criteria：the basic research of miRNA and pancreatic cancer，the clinical research of miRNA and pancreatic cancer， and the prospect of miRNA in pancreatic cancer diagnosis and treatment. According to the choice criteria，31 papers were finally analyzed. Results The miRNA expression spectrum and specific miRNA expression such as miR-21，miR-34，miR-217，miR-196a，miR-10a，miR-155，miR-221，miR-222，miR-181a，miR-181b，miR-181d， and the family members of miR-200 and let-7 might be used as tumor markers to differentiate pancreatic cancer from normal pancreas，chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic endocrine tumors，and might be used as prognostic factor to predict the outcome. Conclusions miRNA expression spectrum are not only related to diagnosis of pancreatic cancer， but also have provided a new research direction and method for gene therapy of pancreatic cancer．
The infection of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can result in severe consequences, including chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even liver cancer. Effective antiviral treatment has the potential to slow down the progression of the disease. HBV serum biomarkers play a crucial role in the dynamic management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. However, the conventional hepatitis B virus markers, such as hepatitis B serologic testing and HBV DNA, are insufficient to meet the clinical requirements. This review provided a comprehensive overview of the current research on the quantification of HBsAg and anti-HBc, HBV RNA and HBV core-associated antigen, which summarized the crucial role these markers play in the administration of antiviral medications, predicting the efficacy of treatment and anticipating the likelihood of virologic rebound following drug cessation, as well as assessing disease progression in CHB patients.
ObjectiveIn order to improve the levels of clinical diagnosis and treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer, the research status and progress of blood markers of differentiated thyroid cancer in recent years were reviewed.MethodThe literatures about blood markers and liquid biopsy of differentiated thyroid cancer at home and abroad in recent years were searched and summarized.ResultsThyroglobulin and thyroglobulin antibody were the most commonly used for markers of differentiated thyroid cancer. The application value of blood markers such as microRNA and long non-coding RNA in the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of differentiated thyroid cancer had also been found.ConclusionBecause of the advantages of high specificity, high sensitivity, and no-invasion, blood markers are useful indicators to help improve the diagnosis of thyroid cancer patients and monitor the disease progression and recurrence in the future.
ObjectiveThe aim of this meta-analysis and systematic review is to assess the effectiveness of microRNAs as a diagnostic tool for individuals with epilepsy. MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases was performed to collect literature on miRNA diagnosis of epilepsy up to January 1, 2024. Two researchers independently screened and extracted the literature and resolved discrepancies by negotiation. The QUADAS-2 evaluation tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4, Meta-Disc 1.4, and Stata 17.0. Results A total of 17 papers were included, including 942 patients with epilepsy and 932 healthy controls. miRNA in the diagnosis of epilepsy had a combined sensitivity of 0.76 [95%CI (0.71, 0.79)], combined specificity of 0.78 [95%CI (0.74, 0.82)], and area under the SROC curve of 0.84 [95%CI (0.80, 0.87)]. Subgroup analysis showed that miRNA had higher diagnostic value for temporal lobe epilepsy, especially medial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS). ConclusionThe study suggests that miRNA may be a promising tool for the diagnosis of epilepsy, especially temporal lobe epilepsy, but more high-quality studies are needed to support it.
ObjectiveTo summarize the new biomarkers of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and their research progress, so as to provide new ideas for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of DVT. MethodThe literature about biomarkers of DVT in recent 5 years was reviewed and summarized. ResultsAccording to the results of literature review, a variety of common DVT biomarkers such as serum microrna, fibrin monomer, neutrophil capture net, and E-selectin were sorted out, but most of them had not been used in clinical DVT management. At present, the clinical diagnosis of DVT required the combination of positive D-dimer test and positive imaging examination, and there was no single biomarker for the diagnosis of DVT. ConclusionsBiomarkers are valuable in the diagnosis and treatment of DVT, but their sensitivity and specificity need to be optimized. Therefore, finding biomarkers with more diagnostic value is one of the future directions. At the same time, we also can consider fully combined with a variety of existing biomarkers, to improve the efficiency to the diagnosis of DVT.
Lung cancers are highly heterogeneous and resistant to available therapeutic agents, with a five-year survival rate of less than 15%. Despite significant advances in our knowledge of the genetic alterations and aberrations in lung cancer, it has been difficult to determine the basis of lung cancer's heterogeneity and drug resistance. Cancer stem cell model has attracted a significant amount of attention in recent years as a viable explanation for the heterogeneity, drug resistance, dormancy, recurrence and metastasis of various tumors. At the same time, cancer stem cells have been relatively less characterized in lung cancers. This review summarizes the current understanding of lung cancer stem cells, including their molecular features and signaling pathways that drive their stemness. This review also discusses the prognosis of lung cancer and its relationship with lung cancer stem cell, in an effort to eradicate these cells to combat lung cancer.
【摘要】 目的 探讨炎性标志物高敏C反应蛋白(highsensitivity creaction protein ,hsCRP)、纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen, FIB)与P波离散度(P wave dispersion, PWD)的关系。 方法 回顾分析2005年1〖CD3/5〗8月收治的102例心脏病住院患者的临床资料,分别测量PWD和获得hsCRP、FIB血浓度,对比分析炎性标志物和PWD之间的关系。 结果 心脏病住院患者的PWD (408±93) ms、hsCRP (368±317) mg/L和FIB (411±294) g/L均较正常值高。PWD异常组和正常组的血hsCRP分别为(482±211)、(193±093) mg/L,差异有统计学意义(Plt;001)；血FIB分别为(510±348)、(251±129) g/L,差异有统计学意义(Plt;005)。血hsCRP增高组PWD(549±96) ms，较正常组(285±74) ms显著增大(Plt;001),血FIB增高组PWD(479±68) ms，较正常组(359±87) ms显著增大(Plt;005)。PWD与血hsCRP成正相关(相关系数R=0418,Plt;005)；PWD与血FIB成正相关(相关系数R=0292,Plt;005)。 结论 PWD与血炎性标志物密切相关,血炎性标志物增高的患者PWD增大。【Abstract】〓Objective〓〖WT5”BZ〗To investigate the relationship between P wave dispersion (PWD) and inflammatory marker (serum highsensitivity creaction protein, hsCRP and fibronogen,FIB). Methods Retrospectively measure PWD of 102 inpatients with heart diseases,and get the results of the hsCRP and FIB. Results The average PWD (408±93) ms of 102 inpatients is higher than normal value,the average hsCRP (368±317) mg/L and FIB (411±294) g/L are higher than normal value. The serum concentration of the hsCRP and FIB increase significantly in abnormal PWD subgroup than normal PWD subgroup, respectively [(482±211) mg/L vs (193±093) mg/L, Plt;001 and (510±348) g/L vs (251±129) g/L, Plt;005)]. The PWD of the serum highconcentration hsCRP and FIB subgroup increase than normalconcentration subgroup significantly, respectively [(549±96) ms vs (285±74) ms, Plt;001 and (479±68) ms vs (359±87) ms,Plt;005] PWD has positive relationship with hsCRP(R=08,Plt;005)and FIB (R=0292,Plt;005). Conclusions PWD has good relationship with serum inflammtory makers, PWD increases with the ascending of concentration of the serum hsCRP and FIB.
Mucin antigen 4 (MUC4) is a molecular marker for some malignant tumors for early tumor diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy. It provides a new research direction in tumor diagnosis and treatment that will have a wide application prospect. In recent years, there has been a large number of research reports on the basic and clinical studies about MUC4, but the molecular imaging study about MUC4 is seldom reported. In this paper the recent research about MUC4 on basic and clinical studies is briefly reviewed, and it is expected to promote the development of tumor molecular imaging.