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find Keyword "止血" 41 results
  • 弹力绷带在经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管置管中的固定作用及效果

    目的 讨论弹力绷带在经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)置管中的固定作用及对减少局部渗血、渗液和预防机械性静脉炎的效果。 方法 选择2011年6月-2012年3月在某三甲医院重症医学科(ICU)行PICC置管的100例患者,按穿刺时间先后顺序单号纳入对照组,双号归于试验组,每组各50例。对照组置管后在穿刺局部放置8层无菌方纱,外用 10 cm×12 cm的透明敷料外固定;试验组在对照组的基础上增加弹力绷带固定,分别观察两组患者置管后24、72 h局部渗血、渗液、机械性静脉炎的发生情况。 结果 在24、72 h两个时间点,试验组渗血、渗液发生率少于对照组(χ2=4.57,P<0.05);静脉炎发生率在24 h时低于对照组(χ2=4.00,P<0.05),但在72 h差异无统计学意义。 结论 PICC置管患者使用弹力绷带固定不仅可防止穿刺点渗血渗液,减少机械性静脉炎的发生,而且可减轻护士工作量,值得临床推广使用。

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  • STUDY ON THE APPLICATION OF ABSORBABLE STANCHING SATIN S100 TO THE SELECTIVE PARTIAL HEPATECTOMY

    目的观察S100吸收性止血绫(absorbable stanching satin S100,ASS)在肝脏外科的止血效果。方法将40例择期行肝部分切除术的患者随机分成两组,应用ASS贴敷肝断面为ASS组(n=20),肝断面不用任何局部止血材料为对照组(n=20),分别于术后2 h、12 h、24 h及72 h观察腹腔引流情况,其中重点观察引流量。结果ASS组术后腹腔引流量较对照组明显减少,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01);ASS组术后无漏胆发生,对照组术后有2例发生漏胆; ASS组的腹腔引流管拔管时间及平均住院日均小于对照组,但差异无显著性意义(Pgt;0.05)。结论ASS在肝脏部分切除术中具有安全、有效的止血作用,特别是对于伴有凝血机能障碍的患者。

    Release date:2016-08-28 05:11 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 急诊内镜下止血夹治疗消化道机械吻合术后早期吻合口出血的疗效

    目的 探讨急诊内镜下使用止血夹治疗消化道机械吻合术后早期吻合口出血的疗效。 方法 回顾性分析 2005 年 1 月至 2016 年 12 月期间在笔者所在医院胃肠外科接受内镜下止血的 12 例消化道机械吻合术后早期吻合口出血患者的临床资料。 结果 本组 12 例患者中,10 例患者一次止血成功;2 例出现再次出血,其中 1 例再次内镜下止血成功,1 例胃空肠吻合术后患者止血失败、行手术治疗。所有患者术后均未出现吻合口漏等严重并发症。术后 11 例内镜止血成功患者获访 6~28 个月,中位随访时间 18 个月,随访期间未见再次出血。 结论 急诊内镜下止血夹治疗消化道机械吻合术后早期吻合口出血的操作简单、安全及有效,可作为首选方法在临床上推广应用。

    Release date:2017-09-18 04:11 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 完全清醒无止血带局部麻醉技术在手外科手术中的应用

    目的总结完全清醒无止血带局部麻醉技术(wide awake local anesthesia no tourniquet,WALANT)在手外科手术中的应用效果。方法 2021年4月—10月,采用WALANT为28例手外伤患者实施麻醉并手术。男18例,女10例,年龄15~55岁,平均35岁。急诊手术22例,择期手术6例。骨折切开复位内固定术5例,骨折内固定物取出术l例,肌腱探查断裂修复术18例,肌腱粘连松解术4例。采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)评估疼痛情况,术中观察出血情况,术后观察麻醉维持时间、手指血供变化及有无并发症发生,采用主动运动总和法(TAM)评定手部功能。结果 术中麻醉与止血效果满意,患者未诉疼痛。第1针刺入皮肤时VAS评分为2~4分;术中操作未引起明显疼痛,VAS评分为0~1分;麻醉效果可持续6~8 h,VAS评分为2~6分。术后手术区域麻醉效果逐渐消失后,所有患者口服或静脉滴注非甾体止痛药能有效缓解疼痛。术后24 h内患者无头痛、头晕、恶心、呕吐、乏力、皮疹等药物不良反应,术后8 h手指皮温及毛细血管反应同正常手指。术后未出现血运障碍等麻醉不良反应。28例患者均获随访,随访时间6~12个月,平均8个月。末次随访时TAM评定获优20例、良8例。结论手外科手术中应用WALANT止痛和止血效果良好、操作简单、安全有效,术中能即刻观察手术效果。

    Release date:2023-01-10 08:44 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • EFFECTS OF A HEMOSTATIC JELLY WITH POLYLACTIC ACID ON HEMOSTASIS OF INJURED CANCELLOUS BONE

    Objective To prepare a self-made compound, hemostatic jelly with polylactic acid(PLA), which has the hemostatic and absorbable effect on injured cancellous bone. Methods Two bone defects of 5 mm in diameter and 4 mm in depth were subjected on 20 health rabbits by drilling through their either outside plate of the iliac, and were filled with hemostatic jelly(group A), bone wax(group B) and blank(group C) respectively. Hemostasis were observed and recorded after 1 and 10 minutes. Five specimens were harvested at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks postoperatively for histological observation. Results ① Hemostatic effect: Bleeding of injured spongy bone stopped within 10 minutes after the treatment of hemostatic jelly and bone wax, but bleeding of balnk did not stop. Hemostatic jelly and bone wax adhered to bone defects firmly within 10 minutes was after the treatment. ② Absorbable effect: Hemostatic jelly and bone defects have not changed visibly in the first 2 weeks. With histological observation 4 to 8 weeks after the operation, hemastatic jelly was absorbed gradually and replaced by osteogenous tissue. It was absorbed completely after 8 to 12 weeks. Bone wax was not absorbed after 12 weeks, no new bone tissue was observed at bone wax area. The blank was replaced by connective tissue and osteogenous tissue partially after 12 weeks. Conclusion The compound hemostatic jelly manifests both hemostatic and absorbable effects on injured cancellous bone and may substitute for bone wax in clinical application.

    Release date:2016-09-01 09:26 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 超声引导在血液透析内瘘穿刺点压迫止血中的临床应用

    目的 探讨超声引导在血液透析内瘘穿刺点压迫止血中的临床应用。 方法 回顾性分析 2008 年 8 月—2015 年 10 月 36 例超声引导下血液透析内瘘穿刺点压迫止血的临床特点。36 例患者均为应用常规止血方法失败,而在超声引导下采用小方块形折叠纱布定点、垂直压迫出血点止血。 结果 36 例患者均使用超声引导定位法准确找到出血点,在 15~50 min 之内有效止血。 结论 超声引导小方块形折叠纱布定点、垂直压迫出血点止血法简单、安全、有效,为临床提供了又一实用的止血方法。

    Release date:2017-05-18 01:09 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • PREPARATION AND HEMOSTATIC EVALUATION OF CHITOSAN COMPOSITE HEMOSTATIC MEMBRANE.

    Objective To improve the flexibil ity and hemostatic properties of chitosan (CS)/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) hemostatic membrane by using glycerol and etamsylate to modify CS/CMCS hemostatic membrane. To investigate themechanical properties and hemostatic capabil ity of modified CS/CMCS hemostatic membrane. Methods The 2% CS solution, 2% CMCS solution, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% glycerol with or without 0.5% etamsylate were used to prepare CS/CMCS hemostatic membrane with or without etamsylate by solution casting according to ratio of 16 ∶ 4 ∶ 5. The tensile properties were evaluated by tensile test according to GB 13022-1991. Twenty venous incisions and five arterial incisions hemorrhage of 1 cm × 1 cm in rabbit ears were treated by CS/CMCS hemostatic membrane modified by 15% (group A) and 25% (group B) of glycerol, and a combination of them and 0.5% etamsylate (groups C and D). The bleeding time and blood loss were recorded. Results The pH of yellow CS/ CMCS hemostatic membrane with thickness of 30-50 μm was 3-4. The incorporation glycerol into CS/CMCS hemostatic membrane resulted in decreasing in tensile strength (7.6%-60.2%) and modulus (97%-99%). However, elongation at break and water content increased 5.7-11.6 times and 13%-125% markedly. CS/CMCS hemostatic membrane adhered to wound rapidly, absorbed water from blood and became curly. The bleeding time and blood loss of venous incisions were (70 ± 3) seconds and (117.2 ± 10.8) mg, (120 ± 10) seconds and (121.2 ± 8.3) mg, (52 ± 4) seconds and (98.8 ± 5.5) mg, and (63 ± 3) seconds and (90.3 ± 7.1) mg in groups A, B, C, and D, respectively; showing significant differences (P lt; 0.05) between groups A, B and groups C, D. The bleeding time and blood loss of arterial incision were (123 ± 10) seconds and (453.3 ± 30.0) mg in group C. Conclusion CS/CMCS hemostatic membrane modified by glycerol and etamsylate can improve the flexibil ity, and shorten the bleeding time.

    Release date:2016-08-31 05:47 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Wound-healing acceleration of mice skin by Sipunculus nudus extract and its mechanism

    In order to explore the effect of Sipunculus nudus extract (SNE) on skin wound healing in mice and its mechanism, hemostasis effect of SNE was measured, the mouse skin wound model was established by full-thickness excision. The morphological changes of the wound were observed after the treatment with SNE and the healing rate was measured. The changes of wound histology were observed by hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining, Masson staining and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The expression of cell factors and related proteins was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results showed that the SNE possessed hemostatic function. SNE could obviously improve the healing rate of wound in mouse and shorten time of scab removal compared with the none-treatment (NT) group (P < 0.05).The pathological histology analysis results showed complete epidermal regeneration, with remarkable capillary and collagen fiber observed in the SNE group. The expression level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF -α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in SNE group was significantly lower than that of the NT group on 7 d (P < 0.05). Moreover, compared with the NT group, the gene expressions level of Smad7 was significantly increased and the level of type II TGF-β receptors (TGF-βRII), collagen I (COL1A1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were significantly reduced in the SNE group on 28 d (P < 0.05), but the difference was not statistically significant compared to Yunnanbaiyao group (PC group) (P > 0.05). These results indicated that SNE possessed obvious activity of accelerating wound healing and inhibiting scar formation, and its mechanism was closely related to hemostatic function, regulation of inflammatory factors, collagen deposition, collagen fiber remodeling and intervening TGF-β/Smads signal pathway. Therefore, SNE may have promising clinical applications in skin wound repair and scar inhibition.

    Release date:2020-08-21 07:07 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • EFFECT OF TOURNIQUET ON PERIOPERATIVE BLOOD LOSS AND SHORT-TERM EFFECTIVENESS IN TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY

    Objective To investigate the effect of applying a tourniquet on perioperative blood loss and short-term effectiveness in primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods A total of 94 patients (94 knees) with osteoarthritis underwent primary TKA between September 2010 and December 2011, whose data met the inclusion criteria and were retrospectively analyzed. A tourniquet was used in 51 cases (group A), no tourniquet in 43 cases (group B). There was no significant difference in gender, age, affected side, body mass index, preoperative hemoglobin (Hb) level, range of motion (ROM), visual analogue scale (VAS), Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score, Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) between 2 groups (P gt; 0.05). The data were compared between 2 groups, including hematocrit (Hct), Hb, hidden blood loss, dominant blood loss, theoretical total blood loss, the operation time, hospitalization days, increasing rate of circumference length above 10 cm of the knee, VAS score, ROM, HSS score, and WOMAC score. Results Four cases (7.84%) of group A and 1 case (2.33%) of group B received blood transfusions, showing no significant difference (χ2=1.410, P=0.235). There was no significant difference in the Hb and Hct between 2 groups at 2 days after operation (P gt; 0.05). The dominant blood loss of group A was significantly less than that of group B (P lt; 0.05), while the hidden blood loss of group A was significantly more than that of group B (P lt; 0.05), but there was no significant difference in theoretical total blood loss between 2 groups (t=0.662, P=0.510). The operation time, hospitalization days, and VAS score at 3 days showed no significant difference between 2 groups (P gt; 0.05). The wound healed by first intention after operation without related complication. At 3 days after operation, the increasing rate of circumference length above 10 cm of the knee in group A was significantly higher than that of group B (t=9.435, P=0.000), but no significant difference at 7 days (t=0.462, P=0.645). At 3 and 5 days after operation, the ROM values in group B were significantly larger than those of group A (P lt; 0.05), but no significant difference at 7 days (t= — 1.279, P=0.204). The patients were all followed up 12-18 months (mean, 14.3 months). There was no significant difference in the HSS score between 2 groups at 1 year after operation (t=0.952, P=0.344), but significant difference was found in the WOMAC score between 2 groups (t= — 2.488, P=0.015). The X-ray films showed that the prosthesis was in good position, without loosening, subsidence, or osteolysis. Conclusion Application of a tourniquet in TKA increases hidden blood loss, and there is no obvious advantage in reducing transfusion rate compared with the non-tourniquet group, so it is recommended to reduce the time and pressure of the tourniquet for patients with high-risk of thrombosis.

    Release date:2016-08-31 04:05 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • APPLICATION OF LIMITED DECOMPRESSION COMBINED WITH VERTEBRAL PLATE RECONSTRUCTION ON TREATMENT OF SINGLE SEGMENT THORACIC VERTEBRA TUBERCULOSIS

    Objective To investigate the effectiveness in the treatment of single segment thoracic vertebra tuberculosis by limited decompression combined with epidural absorbable haemostat covering and vertebral plate reconstruction based on one-stage posterior approach, debridement, bone fusion, and internal fixation. Methods Between September 2005 and March 2010, 90 cases of single segment thoracic vertebra tuberculosis were treated by using limited decompression combined with epidural absorbable haemostat covering and vertebral plate reconstruction based on one-stage posterior approach, debridement, bone fusion, and internal fixation in 44 patients (treatment group) and by one-stage posterior approach, bone fusion, and internal fixation in 46 patients (control group). There was no significant difference in gender, age, disease duration, affected segment, Cobb angle, Frankle grade, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and Oswestry disability index (ODI) between 2 groups (P gt; 0.05). Results All incisions healed by first intension. All 90 cases were followed up 24-44 months (mean, 38 months). There was no significant difference in ESR between 2 groups at 1 week and 3 months after operation (P gt; 0.05). Postoperative iconography indicated that the bone fusion rate of the treatment group was 100% and no epidural cicatricial tissue or failure of internal fixation was observed, showing significant difference when compared with control group (3 cases having failure of internal fixation) (P=0.032). The Cobb angles were significantly corrected after operation when compared with preoperative angles in 2 groups (P lt; 0.05). At 2 years after operation and at last follow-up, the Cobb angle and correction loss in treatment group were significantly better than those in control group (P lt; 0.05). The ODI and Frankel grade were significantly improved at last follow-up when compared with preoperative ones in 2 groups (P lt; 0.05); the treatment group was significantly better than the control group in the ODI, improvement rate of ODI (P lt; 0.05), and in Frankel grade (Uc=4.368, P=0.000). Conclusion Compared with conventional operation method, it is an ideal operation method to use limited decompression combined with epidural absorbable haemostat covering and vertebral plate reconstruction based on one-stage posterior approach, debridement, bone fusion, and internal fixation for treatment of single segment thoracic vertebra tuberculosis, with minimal wound, less complications, and good function recovery.

    Release date:2016-08-31 04:22 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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