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find Keyword "气管镜" 110 results
  • Analysis of Electric Bronchoscope Diagnosis Centrally Located Lung Cancer

    目的:探讨电子支气管镜在肺癌诊断中的价值。方法:对233例支气管镜下诊断肺癌的患者进行分析。结果:电子支气管镜下肺癌的诊断率为63.49%,其中中央型肺癌的诊断率为72.85%,周围型肺癌的诊断率为27.63%,该组病例以老年人多见, 肿瘤多位于叶支气管,右肺57.51%, 左肺42.49%,病理类型为鳞癌45.92%, 小细胞癌22.75%, 腺癌24.03%。电子支气管镜下主要特征:鳞癌以管内增殖型改变为主,表现为新生物形成,阻塞管腔,伴有糜烂、充血、水肿,小细胞癌以增殖型和浸润型为主,可见气管内新生物形成及节结样改变。腺癌以管内增殖型和肿块压迫管腔为主,可见管内新生物形成或支气管呈缝隙样狭窄,甚至闭塞。结论:与周围型肺癌相比电子支气管镜检查对中心型肺癌诊断的准确率较高, 其检查方法简单, 创伤性小, 是正确指导临床医生选择合理治疗方法的一种较好的辅助检查技术。

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:04 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 纤维支气管镜代胸腔镜诊断不明原因胸腔积液28例临床分析

    目的探讨纤维支气管镜代胸腔镜检查在诊断胸腔积液中的临床应用价值。 方法以我院2013年5月至2014年8月收治的不明原因胸腔积液患者28例为研究对象, 对其行纤维支气管镜代胸腔镜检查, 获取胸腔积液及病变组织行病理学检查。 结果28例患者中, 2例脓胸患者未行病理检查, 其余26例患者均行病理检查并明确诊断, 确诊率为92.86%。其中, 18例为恶性肿瘤病变, 包括腺癌10例, 鳞癌8例; 8例为肉芽肿样改变, 诊断为结核性胸腔积液, 经正规抗结核治疗胸腔积液消失。27例患者的人工气胸在术后1~3 d内完全吸收拔管, 无术中术后大出血、伤口感染以及胸腔积液新发感染等并发症发生。 结论纤维支气管镜代胸腔镜在检查胸腔积液病因中是一种安全有效、检出率高的检查方法, 值得临床大范围应用与推广。

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  • 经纤维支气管镜诊断曲霉感染100例分析

    目的探讨纤维支气管镜检查在肺曲霉感染诊断中的作用。 方法回顾性分析2012年至2014年我院100例曲霉感染患者的临床资料及纤维支气管镜(简称纤支镜)检查结果。 结果100例曲霉感染患者中, 男65例, 女35例, 年龄12~85岁, 30岁以下患者15例。62例合并基础疾病, 包括20例结核, 23例肿瘤, 6例慢性阻塞性肺疾病。36例患者经纤支镜病理检查确诊, 其中4例经纤支镜肺活检确诊, 无并发症发生; 64例患者纤支镜灌洗液或痰液曲霉培养阳性, 属于临床诊断。 结论纤支镜病理检查及灌洗液培养是诊断肺曲霉感染的有效手段, 若临床情况允许, 应尽早进行纤支镜检查明确诊断。

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  • Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy-guided preoperative localization of pulmonary nodules in 183 patients: A clinical analysis in a single center

    ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy of preoperative location of pulmonary nodules guided by electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB). MethodsPatients who received preoperative ENB localization and then underwent surgery from March 2021 to November 2022 in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were collected. The clinical efficacy and safety of ENB localization and the related factors that may affect the success of ENB localization were analyzed. ResultsInitially 200 patients were included, among whom 17 undergoing preoperative localization and biopsy were excluded and a total of 183 patients and 230 nodules were finally included. There were 62 males and 121 females with a mean age of 49.16±12.50 years. The success rate of navigation was 88.7%, and the success rate of ENB localization was 67.4%. The rate of complications related to ENB localization were 2.7%, and the median localization time was 10 (7, 15) min. Multi-variable analysis showed that factors related to successful localization included distance from localization site (OR=0.27, 95%CI 0.13-0.59, P=0.001), staining material (OR=0.40, 95%CI 0.17-0.95, P=0.038), and staining dose (OR=60.39, 95%CI 2.31-1 578.47, P=0.014). Conclusion ENB-guided preoperative localization of pulmonary nodules is safe and effective, and the incidence of complications is low, which can be used to effectively assist the diagnosis and treatment of early lung cancer.

    Release date:2023-12-10 04:52 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Electronic Bronchoscope Lavage Lung Segment for Traumatic Atelectasis Caused By Rib Fractures

    目的探讨肋骨骨折导致的创伤性肺不张治疗中应用电子支气管镜肺段灌洗治疗的效果 方法回顾性分析新疆医科大学第六附属医院2009年10月至2013年4月肋骨骨折导致创伤性肺不张73例行电子支气管镜肺段灌洗治疗患者的临床资料,其中男52例、女21例,年龄29~83(36± 5)岁。按治疗方式将患者分为两组:灌洗组(37例)行电子支气管镜肺段灌洗,对照组(36例)采用肺不张的常规治疗。比较两组临床效果。 结果灌洗组呼吸频率及心率减慢,动脉血氧饱和度升至95%以上,肺复张明显好于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。 结论电子支气管镜肺段灌洗治疗肋骨骨折导致的创伤性肺不张直视下诊断明确,起效快,创伤小,疗效确切。

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  • Clinic Analysis for Nickel-titanium Alloy Stent Treated Airway Obstruction of21 Cases under Direct Observation by Electronic Bronchoscope

    目的:评价电子气管镜直视下置入镍钛合金支架治疗气道狭窄的疗效及安全性。方法:对我院3年来由各种原因引起的气管或支气管狭窄的21例患者行电子气管镜直视下经鼻置入国产镍钛合金支架术,观察置入支架前后症状、狭窄段气道直径变化、动脉血气变化情况及其并发症。结果:21例患者术后呼吸困难均明显改善,气道内径扩张及动脉血氧分压改善较术前均有统计学意义,未发生严重并发症。结论:电子气管镜直视下置入气道支架准确、迅速、安全,操作较方便,有助于延长患者的生存时间和提高生活质量,为进一步治疗创造条件。

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:14 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Clinical evaluation of endoscopic bronchial closure of central airway-pleural fistulas with the atrial septal defect occluders: long-term follow-up

    Objective To explore the safety and efficacy for patients with central airway-pleural fistula (APF) treated by atrial septal defect (ASD) occluder. Methods This was a retrospective study. Between January 2017 and October 2021, a total of 16 patients with postoperative APF were treated with ASD occluder through bronchoscope under local anesthesia combined with sedation. The efficacy and complication were recorded during and after the procedure. Results Sixteen patients were recruited in this study and the average age was 60.7 years (range 31 - 74 years). The main etiology for APF was lobectomy/segmentectomy (n=12), pneumonectomy (n=2), radical esophagectomy (n=1) or decortication for chronic empyema (n=1). Totally, 4 fistulas were located in right main bronchus, 3 in left main bronchus, 3 in right upper bronchus, 1 in right middle bronchus, 2 in right lower bronchus and 3 in left upper bronchus. The median diameter of APF was 7.8 mm (ranged from 4 to 18 mm) and the median diameter of ASD occluder inserted was 10.0 mm (ranged from 6 to 20 mm). Successful occlusion of APF was observed in 15 patients (15/16) and 1 patient died of multiple organ failure caused by bacteremia 14 days after the procedure. Fourteen patients were recruited for long-term follow-up, on a median follow-up period of 16.2 months (ranged from 3 to 46 months). There were 12 patients of complete remission and 2 patients of partial remission and only one patient took a second operation due to the enlargement of fistula and translocation of occluder. At follow-up, 4 patients died and the reasons were directly related to the primary etiology, and no patient died due to APF recurrence. Conclusion Endobronchial closure of central APF using ASD occluder is a minimally invasive but effective modality of treatment with satisfactory long-term outcome.

    Release date:2023-10-10 01:39 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Clinical analysis of therapeutic bronchoscopy in the treatment of central airway stenosis following lung transplantation

    ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of balloon bronchoplasty and metallic stents in lung transplant-related central airway stenosis.MethodsData of lung transplant recipients with central airway stenosis who underwent therapeutic bronchoscopic interventions between January 2011 and June 2019 at our institution were reviewed. The clinical follow-up included dyspnea index, forced expiratory Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), six-minute walk distance (6MWD), and the rate of bronchoscopic dilation.ResultsThirty-four lung transplant recipients with airway stenosis were included in our study. All these patients were treated by balloon bronchoplasty through flexural bronchoscopy, and 7 additionally needed temporary metal stent implantation for 28 to 67 days in order to palliate recurrent central airway stenosis. The percentages of immediate efficacy were 86% (180/209) and 100% (7/7), respectively. After serial balloon dilatation, the recipients with central airway stenosis had significantly lower dyspnea index (3.24±0.55 vs. 1.91±0.62, P<0.01), higher FEV1 [(1.43±0.21)L vs. (1.72±0.27)L, P<0.01] and longer 6MWD [(317.3±61.7)m vs. (372.9±52.6)m, P<0.01]. Six recipients with central airway stenosis received 33 interventions in 6 months before stent implantation and 10 interventions in 6 months after stent extraction.ConclusionsLung transplant recipients with central airway stenosis have a good respond to balloon bronchoplasty and stent placement. Airway stenosis after lung transplantation can be successfully managed with bronchoscopic dilatation and temporary stent placement.

    Release date:2020-07-24 07:00 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 非免疫缺陷患者确诊为纵隔黄曲霉脓肿一例报道并文献复习

    目的 总结分析纵隔曲霉病的临床特征,以提高临床医生对纵隔曲霉病的认识。方法 回顾性分析1例纵隔黄曲霉脓肿患者的临床资料、实验室检查、影像学检查、治疗方案及预后,并复习国内外相关文献。结果 患者男,68岁,其胸部CT示纵隔肿块,伴气管、右主支气管复杂狭窄,纤维支气管镜及经超声支气管镜针吸活检(endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration,EBUS-TBNA)及宏基因组二代测序(metagenomic next-generation sequencing,mNGS)诊断为纵隔黄曲霉脓肿。予伏立康唑及激素治疗后病情好转,4个月后随访患者病情稳定。以“纵隔曲霉病、纵隔脓肿”与“非免疫缺陷者”为关键词检索中国知网医学数据库和维普网数据库,国内尚无文献报道。使用“mediastinal aspergillosis”、“aspergillus mediastinitis”、“mediastinal aspergilloma”检索PubMed数据库中的英文文献,共检索到文献17篇,均为个案报道。结论 非免疫缺陷患者出现纵隔肿物时,需警惕曲霉感染的可能,早期及时的诊断及治疗尤为重要。EBUS-TBNA联合mNGS可作为纵隔曲霉病的诊断方法之一。伏立康唑联合小剂量激素(0.5 mg/kg)治疗方案,可能为纵隔曲霉病提供新的治疗思路。

    Release date:2024-06-21 05:13 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 气管镜下覆膜内支架置入治疗胸腔胃-气道瘘

    目的 探讨气管镜下覆膜内支架置入治疗胸腔胃-气道瘘的可行性与疗效。 方法 根据胸腔胃-气道瘘口的位置、大小、数目选择内支架,气管镜直视下,对5例患者6处瘘在气管内置入6枚气管覆膜内支架封堵瘘口。结果 5例内支架均置入成功,瘘口完全封闭,即刻消除呛咳症状;5例均被有效控制肺部感染,生活质量提高;1例支架置入2个月后呼吸衰竭死亡。随访5~15个月,3例死于恶病质,1例死于呼吸衰竭,1例正常生活至今。 结论 气管覆膜内支架能有效封堵胸腔胃-气道瘘,操作简单、安全、近期疗效可靠。

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:09 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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