ObjectiveTo analyze the burden of digestive diseases attributed to smoking in China from 1990 to 2019 and forecast its change in the next 10 years. MethodsThe Global Burden of Disease database 2019 was used to analyze the burden of digestive diseases attributed to smoking in China from 1990 to 2019. Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the time variation trend. A time series model was used to predict the burden of digestive diseases attributable to smoking over the next 10 years. ResultsIn 2019, there were 12 900 deaths from digestive diseases attributed to smoking in China, with a DALY of 398 600 years, a crude death rate of 0.91/100 000 and a crude DALY rate of 28.02/100 000. The attributed standardized mortality rate was 0.69 per 100 000, and the standardized DALY rate was 19.79 per 100 000, which was higher than the global level. In 2019, the standardized mortality rate and DALY rate of males were higher than those of females (1.48/ 100 000 vs. 0.11/ 100 000, 38.42/ 100 000 vs. 293/100 000), and the standardized rates of males and females showed a downward trend over time. In 2019, both mortality and DALY rates from digestive diseases attributed to smoking increased with age. ARIMA predicts that over the next 10 years, the burden of disease in the digestive system caused by smoking will decrease significantly. ConclusionFrom 1990 to 2019, the burden of digestive diseases attributed to smoking showed a decreasing trend in China, and the problem of disease burden is more serious in men and the elderly population. A series of effective measures should be taken to reduce the smoking rate in key groups. The burden of digestive diseases caused by smoking will be significantly reduced in the next 10 years.
目的 了解2007年-2008年成都地区17家医院消化系统药物的使用状况。 方法 采用限定日剂量（DDD）的方法，对成都地区2007年-2008年17家医院消化系统用药的销售金额、用药频度（DDDs）等进行统计分析。 结果 2007-2008年成都地区17家医院消化系统用药总金额分别为12 527.89万元和16 446.21万元，居所有药物销售总额的第5位。在金额排序和用药频度排序中，抗溃疡药、肝病用药居于前列。 结论 消化系统药物的应用状态与同期的整体增长保持一致，相比上一年略有上涨。抗溃疡药中的质子泵抑制剂以其优异的性价比，引领着消化系统药物销售额的增长。
Objective o explore the effect and mechanisms of transmembrane 4 super family (TM4SF) in digestive system cancer. Methods Articles were reviewed to discuss the biological characteristics of TM4SF in digestive system cancer. Results TM4SF played an important role in migration and invasion of digestive system cancer, including pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatic cancer, esophageal cancer, and so on. TM4SF modulated the cell biological activities by microdomains which were fixed on cell membrane, such as adhesion, migration, invasion, and proliferation. Conclusion TM4SF may be used to predict the metastasis and prognosis of digestive system cancer and may be the targets of therapy of it in the future.
Objective To systematically review the relationship between obesity and the incidence of digestive system cancers. Methods The PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI and WanFang Data databases were electronically searched to collect cohort studies on the relationship between obesity and digestive system cancers from January 1st, 2001 to October 31st, 2021. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed by using RevMan 5.4 software. Results A total of 16 cohort studies were included. The results of meta-analysis revealed that compared with normal weight, obesity increased the incidence rate of various cancers of the digestive system, including colorectal cancer (RR=1.25, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.39, P<0.000 1), liver cancer (RR=1.65, 95%CI 1.41 to 1.92, P<0.000 01), pancreatic cancer (RR=1.34, 95%CI 1.19 to 1.51, P<0.000 01), gastric cancer (RR=1.09, 95%CI 1.05 to 1.14, P<0.000 1), and esophageal cancer (RR=2.39, 95%CI 1.98 to 2.89, P<0.000 01). Conclusion The current evidence indicates that obesity can increase the incidence rate of digestive system cancers. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
Objective To understand the current situation of dietary organophosphate esters (OPEs) exposure, its effect on human health and its role in the occurrence and development of digestive system disease. Method We searched, analyzed and summarized the relevant literatures on the exposure of OPEs in diet and its effects on digestive system health. Results OPEs had long-term, extensive, and continuous exposure in diet. Although the exposure levels of different OPEs were different in time and space, its impact on digestive system health could not be ignored. OPEs might play a potential role in digestive system injury and tumorigenesis through the activation of inflammation related pathways and the expression change of cancer-related gene. Conclusions OPEs exposure may be a potential risk factor for digestive system injury and tumor. Further exploration of its pathogenic mechanism is of great significance to the screening of high risk factors, disease prevention, and health care.
ObjectiveTo understand the latest research progress of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in occurrence and development mechanisms of common digestive system neoplasms. MethodLiteratures about regulated occurrence and development mechanisms of digestive system neoplasms by lncRNA were reviewed according to the results searched from PubMed. ResultsThere were three main function modes (decoy, guide, and scaffold) of the lncRNAs, which could regulate proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis of the digestive system neoplasms, such as gastrointestinal cancer, liver cancer, and pancreatic cancer through the mechanisms of the epigenetic regulation, transcription regulation, and posttranscription regulation. ConclusionsThe functions and tumorigenic mechanisms of the most lncRNAs are not entirely clear. The functions of lncRNAs played in the digestive system neoplasms needs to be understood, which might contribute to new tumor biomarker detection and effective treatment strategies.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of 177Lu-FAP-2286 radioligand therapy in treatment of advanced digestive system tumors and explore its clinical potential as a novel targeted therapeutic approach. MethodsThis retrospective analysis examined clinical data from 19 patients with advanced digestive system tumors who received 177Lu-FAP-2286 treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University between June 2023 and December 2024. Treatment response was assessed using response evaluation criteria in solid tumor (RECIST) 1.1 and modified PET response criteria in solid tumor（PERCIST）1.0 guidelines. Adverse events (AEs) were graded according to CTCAE v5.0. ResultsAt the last follow-up, consistent therapeutic outcomes were observed between RECIST 1.1 and modified PERCIST 1.0 guidelines, we observed 2 cases of partial response / partial metabolic response, 4 cases of stable disease/ stable metabolic disease, and 13 cases of progressive disease / progressive metabolic disease, demonstrating an objective response rate of 10.5% (2/19) and disease control rate of 31.6% (6/19). Post-treatment monitoring revealed 7 AEs of grade 2 and 1 AE of grade 1, with no occurrence of grade 3–4 haematological or hepatorenal toxicities. Common treatment-related symptoms, including nausea, decreased appetite, and fatigue, showed spontaneous resolution over time.ConclusionsPreliminary findings indicate that 177Lu-FAP-2286 exhibits favourable safety and tolerability in patients with advanced digestive system tumors while demonstrating efficacy in controlling disease progression for a subset of patients. However, multicenter prospective studies with larger cohorts are warranted to further validate its long-term efficacy and identify clinical characteristics of digestive system tumors patients who may benefit.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the association between PVT1 expression and digestive system tumors (DST). MethodsPubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CBM, and CNKI databases were electronically searched to collect case-control studies on the correlation between PVT1 expression and DST from inception to June 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed by using Stata 16.0 software. ResultsA total of 34 case-control studies involving 3 882 DST patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the high expression of PVT1 was significantly associated with tumor size (>5 cm), differentiation degree (poor), T stage (T3-T4), lymph node metastasis (N+), distant metastasis (M+), and clinical stages (Ⅲ-Ⅳ) of DST; however, it was not associated with gender, age and venous invasion. In addition, the high expression of PVT1 in DST tissues was significantly correlated with the low rates of 1, 3 and 5-year overall survival and poor prognosis (HR=1.96, 95%CI 1.70 to 2.26, P<0.000 1). Subgroup analysis showed that the high expression of PVT1 was significantly associated with poor prognosis of gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer and liver cancer.ConclusionsCurrent evidence shows that the high expression of PVT1 is correlated with the clinic pathological features (tumor size >5 cm, poor differentiation, T3-T4 stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and clinical stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ) and indicates poor prognosis in most patients with DST (gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer).
ObjectiveTo know the fundamental status of painless digestive endoscopy in China. MethodsA 23-item survey including multiple choices and fill-in-the-blank questions on 3 pages was performed on anesthesiologists in China excluding Taiwan, Macao and Hong Kong on www.xqnmz.com and www.dxy.cn/bbs from November 1 to December 31, 2013, among which 5 questions were on personal details, 9 on hospital and department, and 9 on clinic details. The results about the basic facts, risk factors of anesthesia and drug use and monitoring of painless digestive endoscopy in China were analyzed. ResultsA total of 726 questionnaires were collected, among which 667 (91.87%) were considered valid. Interviewed hospitals included hospitals from 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions excluding Taiwan, Macao and Hong Kong. Thirty questionnaires were from the first-grade hospitals (4.5%), 292 from the second-grade (43.78%), and 345 from the third-grade (51.72%). And 69.12% of the questionnaires showed these hospitals could only carry out painless gastroscopy and/or colonoscopy, while 80.81% showed the number of the mean painless endoscopy cases was 0-30 per day; 47.23% of the respondents working in digestive endoscopy center had to complete the anesthesia procedure alone, and 35.83% of the respondents illustrated their digestive endoscopy centers had established the post anesthesia care unit; 62.97% were equipped with anesthesia apparatus or ventilator; 89.96% were equipped with tracheal intubation tool; and 21.44% were equipped with defibrillator. Among them, 25.79% did not prepare rescue medicines regularly in digestive endoscopy center. Propofol was the most frequently used anesthetic, and composited fentanyl was at the highest use rate for gastrointestinal endoscopy. Respondents who used electrocardiogram, non-invasive blood pressure and pulse oxygen saturation the least to monitor during painless gastroscopy and colonoscopy took up 43.48% and 46.08% respectively. ConclusionPainless digestive endoscopy needs further development and standardization with the regulation of related guidelines and standardized residents training.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) therapy and digestive system neoplasms.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP and CBM databases were searched from inception to February 2017 to collect studies about ACEIs/ARBs therapy and risk of digestive system neoplasms or survival of digestive system neoplasms patients. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted the data and evaluated the risk of bias of included studies, then meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software.ResultsA total of 21 articles including 32 studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that ACEIs/ARBs therapy could reduce the risk of colorectal cancer (OR=0.92, 95%CI 0.86 to 0.99, P=0.023), but there were no relationships between ACEIs/ARBs therapy and the risk of liver cancer or gastric cancer. ACEIs/ARBs therapy could improve the survival of colorectal cancer patients (HR=0.79, 95%CI 0.63 to 0.98, P=0.031), but there was no association between ACEIs/ARBs therapy and the survival of pancreatic cancer patients (HR=0.75, 95%CI 0.50 to 1.13, P=0.165).ConclusionACEIs/ARBs therapy may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer, as well as improve the survival of colorectal cancer patients, but there are no significant relationships between ACEIs/ARBs therapy and the risk or the survival of other digestive system neoplasms, such as liver cancer, gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are needed to verify above conclusion.