ObjectiveTo know the fundamental status of painless digestive endoscopy in China. MethodsA 23-item survey including multiple choices and fill-in-the-blank questions on 3 pages was performed on anesthesiologists in China excluding Taiwan, Macao and Hong Kong on www.xqnmz.com and www.dxy.cn/bbs from November 1 to December 31, 2013, among which 5 questions were on personal details, 9 on hospital and department, and 9 on clinic details. The results about the basic facts, risk factors of anesthesia and drug use and monitoring of painless digestive endoscopy in China were analyzed. ResultsA total of 726 questionnaires were collected, among which 667 (91.87%) were considered valid. Interviewed hospitals included hospitals from 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions excluding Taiwan, Macao and Hong Kong. Thirty questionnaires were from the first-grade hospitals (4.5%), 292 from the second-grade (43.78%), and 345 from the third-grade (51.72%). And 69.12% of the questionnaires showed these hospitals could only carry out painless gastroscopy and/or colonoscopy, while 80.81% showed the number of the mean painless endoscopy cases was 0-30 per day; 47.23% of the respondents working in digestive endoscopy center had to complete the anesthesia procedure alone, and 35.83% of the respondents illustrated their digestive endoscopy centers had established the post anesthesia care unit; 62.97% were equipped with anesthesia apparatus or ventilator; 89.96% were equipped with tracheal intubation tool; and 21.44% were equipped with defibrillator. Among them, 25.79% did not prepare rescue medicines regularly in digestive endoscopy center. Propofol was the most frequently used anesthetic, and composited fentanyl was at the highest use rate for gastrointestinal endoscopy. Respondents who used electrocardiogram, non-invasive blood pressure and pulse oxygen saturation the least to monitor during painless gastroscopy and colonoscopy took up 43.48% and 46.08% respectively. ConclusionPainless digestive endoscopy needs further development and standardization with the regulation of related guidelines and standardized residents training.
Objective To appraise the current situation of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on information of common-used digestive-related medicines afforded by medicine-salesmen. Methods RCTs on digestive-related medicines were assessed according to clinical epidemiologic standard. Results 60 medicines containing 252 therapeutic articles were searched and 75 RCTs were identified and assessed. Conclusion The qualities and quantities of RCTs of information on digestive-related medicines were of large difference, the RCTs afforded by the joint pharmaceutical enterprises are much better than those of foreign ones and domestic ones.
Objective By summarizing the latest research progress of circRNA translation mechanism and reviewing the research progress of circRNA translation in various digestive system tumors, this paper is aiming to forecast the clinical application prospect of circular RNA translation and provide ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of digestive system neoplasms. Method The literatures on the translation of circRNA and its role in digestive system neoplasms were searched and reviewed. Results As a member of the non-coding RNA family, circRNAs are generally considered to be difficult to encode proteins as translation templates. With the rapid development of bioinformatics, next-generation sequencing, proteomics and translation omics, it has been found that many kinds of circRNAs can encode proteins or peptides in a cap-independent manner and play a critical role in the development of digestive system neoplasms, including gastric cancer, liver cancer and colorectal cancer. Conclusions The translation function of circRNA plays an important role in the development and progression of digestive system tumors, and its translation products may become new diagnostic or therapeutic targets for digestive system tumors, with great clinical transformation potential.
Objective To understand the current situation of dietary organophosphate esters (OPEs) exposure, its effect on human health and its role in the occurrence and development of digestive system disease. Method We searched, analyzed and summarized the relevant literatures on the exposure of OPEs in diet and its effects on digestive system health. Results OPEs had long-term, extensive, and continuous exposure in diet. Although the exposure levels of different OPEs were different in time and space, its impact on digestive system health could not be ignored. OPEs might play a potential role in digestive system injury and tumorigenesis through the activation of inflammation related pathways and the expression change of cancer-related gene. Conclusions OPEs exposure may be a potential risk factor for digestive system injury and tumor. Further exploration of its pathogenic mechanism is of great significance to the screening of high risk factors, disease prevention, and health care.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of 177Lu-FAP-2286 radioligand therapy in treatment of advanced digestive system tumors and explore its clinical potential as a novel targeted therapeutic approach. MethodsThis retrospective analysis examined clinical data from 19 patients with advanced digestive system tumors who received 177Lu-FAP-2286 treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University between June 2023 and December 2024. Treatment response was assessed using response evaluation criteria in solid tumor (RECIST) 1.1 and modified PET response criteria in solid tumor（PERCIST）1.0 guidelines. Adverse events (AEs) were graded according to CTCAE v5.0. ResultsAt the last follow-up, consistent therapeutic outcomes were observed between RECIST 1.1 and modified PERCIST 1.0 guidelines, we observed 2 cases of partial response / partial metabolic response, 4 cases of stable disease/ stable metabolic disease, and 13 cases of progressive disease / progressive metabolic disease, demonstrating an objective response rate of 10.5% (2/19) and disease control rate of 31.6% (6/19). Post-treatment monitoring revealed 7 AEs of grade 2 and 1 AE of grade 1, with no occurrence of grade 3–4 haematological or hepatorenal toxicities. Common treatment-related symptoms, including nausea, decreased appetite, and fatigue, showed spontaneous resolution over time.ConclusionsPreliminary findings indicate that 177Lu-FAP-2286 exhibits favourable safety and tolerability in patients with advanced digestive system tumors while demonstrating efficacy in controlling disease progression for a subset of patients. However, multicenter prospective studies with larger cohorts are warranted to further validate its long-term efficacy and identify clinical characteristics of digestive system tumors patients who may benefit.
Objective o explore the effect and mechanisms of transmembrane 4 super family (TM4SF) in digestive system cancer. Methods Articles were reviewed to discuss the biological characteristics of TM4SF in digestive system cancer. Results TM4SF played an important role in migration and invasion of digestive system cancer, including pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatic cancer, esophageal cancer, and so on. TM4SF modulated the cell biological activities by microdomains which were fixed on cell membrane, such as adhesion, migration, invasion, and proliferation. Conclusion TM4SF may be used to predict the metastasis and prognosis of digestive system cancer and may be the targets of therapy of it in the future.
Objective To have more insight into roles of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15) in digestive tumor. Method The basic and clinical studies on the GDF15 in the digestive tumors published were searched in the databases for summarizing the latest advances on this issue. Results The GDF15, a novel member of transforming growth factor-β superfamily, played the diverse roles in the progress of the various diseases. The increasing number of evidence indicated that the GDF15 was associated with the diagnosis and prognostication of the digestive tumors, eg: colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and might serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for the multiple digestive tumors. Conclusions Current basic and clinical studies provide some evidences that GDF15 plays a role in digestive tumors. Further studies are needed to elucidate its roles and molecular mechanisms in different stages of diseases.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) therapy and digestive system neoplasms.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP and CBM databases were searched from inception to February 2017 to collect studies about ACEIs/ARBs therapy and risk of digestive system neoplasms or survival of digestive system neoplasms patients. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted the data and evaluated the risk of bias of included studies, then meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software.ResultsA total of 21 articles including 32 studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that ACEIs/ARBs therapy could reduce the risk of colorectal cancer (OR=0.92, 95%CI 0.86 to 0.99, P=0.023), but there were no relationships between ACEIs/ARBs therapy and the risk of liver cancer or gastric cancer. ACEIs/ARBs therapy could improve the survival of colorectal cancer patients (HR=0.79, 95%CI 0.63 to 0.98, P=0.031), but there was no association between ACEIs/ARBs therapy and the survival of pancreatic cancer patients (HR=0.75, 95%CI 0.50 to 1.13, P=0.165).ConclusionACEIs/ARBs therapy may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer, as well as improve the survival of colorectal cancer patients, but there are no significant relationships between ACEIs/ARBs therapy and the risk or the survival of other digestive system neoplasms, such as liver cancer, gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are needed to verify above conclusion.
Objective To summarize the research progress of copper and its derivatives in gastrointestinal tumors in recent years, aiming to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment decisions. Method The literatures related to copper homeostasis and copper death in recent years were read and summarized, and the research progress on the role of copper in cancer and copper applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment was reviewed. Results Copper was an essential trace element involved in a variety of basic biological processes. Elevated levels of copper in serum and tissues were associated with the development of tumors. As the mechanisms of copper action in various gastrointestinal tumors were being investigated, the use of copper and related derivatives in the treatment of cancer patients had become a new strategy. Conclusion Copper and its derivatives have a promising future in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors, but their benefits in clinical patients still need to be demonstrated in numerous clinical trials.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the association between PVT1 expression and digestive system tumors (DST). MethodsPubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CBM, and CNKI databases were electronically searched to collect case-control studies on the correlation between PVT1 expression and DST from inception to June 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed by using Stata 16.0 software. ResultsA total of 34 case-control studies involving 3 882 DST patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the high expression of PVT1 was significantly associated with tumor size (>5 cm), differentiation degree (poor), T stage (T3-T4), lymph node metastasis (N+), distant metastasis (M+), and clinical stages (Ⅲ-Ⅳ) of DST; however, it was not associated with gender, age and venous invasion. In addition, the high expression of PVT1 in DST tissues was significantly correlated with the low rates of 1, 3 and 5-year overall survival and poor prognosis (HR=1.96, 95%CI 1.70 to 2.26, P<0.000 1). Subgroup analysis showed that the high expression of PVT1 was significantly associated with poor prognosis of gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer and liver cancer.ConclusionsCurrent evidence shows that the high expression of PVT1 is correlated with the clinic pathological features (tumor size >5 cm, poor differentiation, T3-T4 stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and clinical stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ) and indicates poor prognosis in most patients with DST (gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer).