ObjectiveTo know the situation of nosocomial infection in 2014 in a western region hospital, in order to provide a scientific basis for hospital infection control and management. MethodWe selected the patients on August 14th in 2014 during the time from 00:00 to 24:00 as our study subjects. Bedside investigation and medical records investigation were combined to study the cross-sectional survey of nosocomial infection. We completed the questionnaire, and used statistical methods to count related data about nosocomial infections and community-acquired infections. ResultsA total of 1 908 patients were investigated. The nosocomial infection prevalence rate was 4.45%, and the community-acquired infection prevalence rate was 29.09%. The highest prevalence of nosocomial infection department was the Intensive Care Unit (38.10%); the top three surgical systems were Thoracic Surgery (18.67%), General Surgery (16.67%), and Neurosurgery (10.53%), and the top three medical systems were Endocrinology (11.11%), Neurology (6.67%), and Infectious Diseases Department (5.88%). The top three community-acquired infections occurred in Pediatrics Department (non-neonatal group) (95.37%), Burn surgery (92.31%), and Respiratory Medicine (86.46%). The main infection site for both nosocomial and community-acquired infection was lower respiratory tract (58.24%). Pathogens were mainly Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hospital and community-acquired infection bacterial spectrum were consistent. And the rate of antibiotics use was 40.82%, in which 126 patients used for prevention (6.60%), and 599 patients used for treatment (31.39%). For patients using the drugs for treatment, bacterial culture submission rate was 80.71%, and the positive rate was 43.78%. ConclusionsThe prevalence of nosocomial infection is reliable, which provides a data support for nosocomial infection prevention and control.
目的 了解四川省人民医院2011年的医院感染情况及其高危因素、抗菌药物使用情况。 方法 2011年9月采用横断面调查、床旁调查和病历调查相结合的方法，调查该院在调查日的医院感染、高危因素和抗菌药物使用等信息。 结果 调查住院患者1 898例，医院感染现患率4.53%，医院感染例次率4.64%；动静脉插管、呼吸机使用、泌尿道插管、气管切开、激素使用、化学疗法和免疫抑制剂的使用、血液透析等为医院感染的高危因素；调查当日抗菌药物使用率为32.93%。 结论 通过医院感染横断面调查可方便、快捷地获得全院医院感染方面的信息，为医院感染防控工作的开展提供依据。
Objective To understand the current situation of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) in comprehensive hospitals with a number of beds≥900, and provide a reference for the next step in formulating HAI prevention and control measures. Methods The data on the prevalence rate of HAI in comprehensive hospitals with a number of beds≥900 of Yunnan Province between 2020 and 2022 were retrospective collected. The HAI situation and trend in each year were analyzed. Results A total of 119 comprehensive hospitals were included, with 166 745 patients surveyed and 3 237 cases of HAI. Lower respiratory tract infection and urinary tract infection were the most common sites. The department with the highest incidence of hospital infections was the intensive care unit, followed by neurosurgery and hematology. The prevalence rates of HAI showed a downward trend from 2020 to 2022 (2.08% vs. 1.99% vs. 1.79%, χ2=14.301, P<0.001). A total of 1 315 strains of hospital-acquired pathogens were detected, all of which were mainly Gram-negative bacteria, with Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae being more common. The rate of antibiotics use and the rate of pathogen testing showed an upward trend from 2020 to 2022 (χ2=79.233, 23.866, P<0.001), the infection rate of incision site and the prophylactic use rate of antimicrobial drugs in patients with class Ⅰ surgery both showed a decreasing trend (χ2=15.551, 6.311, P<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of infection in comprehensive hospitals of Yunnan Province is decreasing. But the supervision of key departments, the implementation of pathogen prevention and control measures, and the rational use of antibiotics in inpatients are still the focus of future work.
ObjectiveTo explore the variation tendency of hospital infection and the antibacterial usage between 2011 and 2012,analyze the factors for hospitalization infection,and instruct on taking effective intervention measures,in order to reduce the rate of hospital infection,and thus to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hospital infection. MethodsAll patients hospitalized in our hospital from 00:00 to 24:00 between September 21,2011 and August 16,2012 were investigated.By using the method of combined clinical investigation and case study,we asked the patients to fill the case questionnaires standardly,and analyzed the hospital infection cases on the survey day. ResultsA total of 1165 hospitalized patients were investigated from the year 2011 to 2012,and the actual check rate was 100%.A total of 46 cases of hospital infection occurred in 39 patients.The prevalence rate of hospital infection was 3.88% in 2011 and 2.80% in 2012.High rate hospital infections occurred in the Department of Neurosurgery which was 27.27% and Cardiothoracic surgery which was 16.67% in 2011.In 2012,the departments included ICU which was 28.57% and Internal Cardiovascular Medicine which was 9.09%.The main infection sites were respiratory tract,followed by urinary tract and superficial incisions.The usage rates of antibiotics were 63.07% and 40.56% respectively in the two years.There were significant difference in antibiotic use rate between the two years (P<0.01). ConclusionThe focus of future work is to strengthen the management of respiratory tract,urinary tract and surgical site infections,and to use antimicrobial drugs reasonably,in order to reduce hospital infection effectively.
ObjectiveTo learn the current situation and feature of nosocomial infection (NI), so as to provide reference for making the prevention measures. MethodsPrevalence rate of nosocomial infection in patients hospitalized on December 18, 2012 was investigated by the combination of bed-side examination and medical record checking. ResultsA total of 1 083 patients were surveyed, and the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 6.00%. Intensive Care Unit had the highest NI prevalence (28.57%), followed by Hematology Department (20.00%) and Neurosurgery Department (20.00%). Lower respiratory tract (38.46%) was the main infection site, followed by superficial surgical incision (13.85%). The usage rate of antimicrobial agents was 30.56%, and 40 strains of pathogens were isolated, in which Klebsiella pneumonia (15.0%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.5%) and Escherichia coli (10.0%) were the main ones. ConclusionTarget monitoring management of key departments and key sites should be strengthened, and the management of antimicrobial agents should be stressed and invasive procedures should be decreased.
ObjectiveTo analyze the trend of hospital infection, so as to provide a scientific basis for hospital infection prevention and control. MethodsFrom 2011 to 2013, according to the criteria of diagnosis of nosocomial infections set up by the Ministry of Health, the prevalence rates of nosocomial infections in patients who were hospitalized on the survey day were investigated by the combination of bedside investigation and medical records checking. ResultsThe incidence rates of nosocomial infections from 2011 to 2013 were 2.99%, 2.31% and 1.95%, respectively, presenting a downward trend. The rate of hospital infection was the highest in comprehensive Intensive Care Unit, and the main infection site was the lower respiratory tract. Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens causing hospital infections, including Klebliella pnermoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli. The utilization rates of antibacterial agents in these three years were respectively 39.84%, 34.58% and 34.22%. ConclusionTargeted surveillance and management of key departments and sites should be strengthened. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance and management of antibiotics, raise the submission rate of pathogens, and use antibiotics appropriately.
目的 为贯彻落实卫生部《医院感染管理办法》、《抗菌药物合理应用指导原则》，了解成都三六三医院医院感染的现状，对医院感染控制工作进行评价，提高医务人员的感染控制意识。 方法 制定统一调查方案与措施，逐一查看2011年9月21日全院住院患者在架病历，对全院住院患者通过床旁询问和体检的方式进行调查。 结果 全院共有住院患者621例，实查621例，实查率100%。发生医院感染19例，现患率为3.06%。抗生素使用率46.38%。病原学送检率21.88%。 结论 加强医务人员医院感染知识的培训是提高其医院感染防控意识的重要手段；提高感染患者病原学送检率，减少经验性用药，依据药敏结果合理使用抗生素，达到有效减少耐药菌产生的目的。
ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of nosocomial infection in a hospital and to provide a basis for hospital infection control. MethodsUsing bedside investigation and medical records analysis, we surveyed all hospitalized patients from 00:00 to 24:00 on July 19th, 2013. ResultsThe real investigation was carried out on 1815 patients out of all the 1828 patients with a real investigation rate of 99.29%. There were 55 cases of nosocomial infection (55 case-times), and both the nosocomial point infection rate and case-time infection rate were 3.03%. The top three departments with the highest rate were Intensive Care Unit (37.50%), Neurosurgery Department One (13.73%) and Neurosurgery Department Two (12.00%). Most infections occurred on the lower respiratory tract, which accounted for 45.45%. Nosocomial infection pathogenic detection rate was 38.18% (21/55):6 cases of Staphylococcus aureus (28.57%), 5 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (23.81%), 3 of Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.29%), and 2 cases of Acinetobacter baumanii (9.52%). The rate of antimicrobial drug use was 24.08%, in which drug treatment accounted for 75.29%. Gender, surgery, urinary catheter, vascular catheter, tracheostomy, ventilator application, hemodialysis, and use of antibiotics were all influencial factors for occurrence of nosocomial infection. ConclusionNosocomial infection prevalence survey can help fully understand the status of hospital infection, help to carry out targeted surveillance, and better guidance for hospital to prevent and control nosocomial infection.
ObjectiveTo understand the current status of nosocomial infections in a municipal medical unit, to find problems in daily monitoring, and to provide the evidence for the prevention and control of nosocomial infection in high-risk groups and procedures. MethodsAccording to the 2013 survey requirements made by the nosocomial infection control center of Chengdu, we made a cross-sectional survey about nosocomial infection among all the inpatients on July 25th, 2013 and statistically analyzed the results. ResultsTotally, 1 301 cases were actually investigated within 1 307 inpatients of the time (the actual investigation rate was 99.54%). The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 3.38% (44 cases). The top five departments of infection rate were Respiratory Intensive Care Unit (RICU), Center of Intensive Care Unit (CICU), Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Thoracic Surgery and Department of General Surgery. The main site of infection was respiratory tract, which took possession of 62.25%. In univariate analyses, age≥60, length of hospital stay >2 weeks, invasive operation, history of diabetes, operation, radiotherapy/chemotherapy, utilization of antibiotics were found to be risk factors for infections. Multivariate analysis showed that length of hospital stay (OR=3.115, P=0.001), invasive operation (OR=14.930, P<0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR=2.157, P=0.046), radiotherapy/chemotherapy (OR=7.497, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for nosocomial infections. The utilization rate of antibiotics was 45.73%. Among them, there was 85.21% using single antibiotics, and 82.18% of them were used therapeutically. ConclusionUnderstanding the current status of nosocomial infection in municipal hospitals helps us grasp the key and difficulty of infection control, make out prevention-control measures for high-risk groups and high-risk departments, and guide and supervise its implementation in clinical departments, which points out the direction to further reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection.