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心因性非痫性发作的精神相关长期预后

探讨心因性非癫痫性癫痫发作（Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures，PNES）患者的长期心理状态、人格和健康相关生活质量（Health-related quality of life，HRQoL），并确定 PNES 预后的相关预测因子。选取在 Erlangen 癫痫中心的视频脑电图（VEEG）监测过程中被诊断为 PNES 的病例，病程 1～16 年。随访数据为心理症状问卷（贝克抑郁量表-II、症状清单-90-标准、分离症状问卷），人格特质（Freiburg 弗莱堡人格量表-修改版）和 HRQoL（36-项简短健康调查）。共纳入 52 例患者，平均年龄（40.5±14.0）岁，女性 75%，随访（5.3±4.2）年。在过去的 12 个月中，有 19 例（37%）患者 PNES 得到了缓解。持续性 PNES 患者在疾病首次发作（32.9 vs. 22.3 岁，P<0.01）和诊断（40.5 vs. 27.2 岁，P<0.001）时年龄较大，表现出较差的心理状态、较低的外向性人格和较低的生活满意度，同时 HRQoL 较非 PNES 患者更差。PNES 缓解患者在所有方面均处于正常范围内。PNES 的最佳缓解预测指标为发病时年龄较小和人格外向性。持续性 PNES 患者的预后较差，精神病理学指标较高且 HRQoL 较低，但可能因 PNES 的缓解而恢复正常。人格内向性高和年龄较大是持续性 PNES 的危险因素。

高功率微波对视网膜神经节细胞脂质过氧化作用的实验研究

Objective To determine the lipid peroxide damage in the primary cultured rabbit retinal ganglion cells induced by microwave． Methods Cultured rabbit retinal ganglion cells in vitro and exposed to 80 mW/cm2 of microwave for 15,30,45 min tespectively.Immediately after radiation,the morphological variation of cells was observed by optical microscope and transmission electronic microscope.Secondly,the activity of intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected. Results Aportion of cells congregated,with their axon disapeared after radiation.Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum revealed swelling under transmission electronic microscope.The content of MDA was increased obviously compared with control group while SOD decreased．The content of MDA as increased obviously compared with control group after 45 min radiation was 5.11 times,while SOD decreased.The content of MDA as in control and the ganglion cells were apparantly destroyed. Conclusion Microwave can induce the lipid peroxide damage in primary cultured retinal ganglion cells,and lipid peroxide effect might be one of the mechanisms of microwave retinal damage. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2000，16：32-34)

Tumstatin肽对视网膜微血管内皮细胞增生的影响

糖尿病大鼠脉络膜病变超微结构的研究

Expression of Suppressor Gene Runt-Related Transcription Factor 3 in Gastric Carcinoma and Its Relationship with Clinical Pathological Parameters

Objective To investigate the expression of suppressor gene Runt-related transcription factor 3 (Runx3) in gastric carcinoma and its relationship with clinicopathologic parameters. Methods RT-PCR and Western blot were used to determine the mRNA expression and protein expression of Runx3 gene in primary tumor and corresponding normal tissues respectively in 52 patients with gastric carcinoma. The relationship between Runx3 expression and clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed. Results RT-PCR and Western blot analysis in 52 patients with gastric carcinoma showed down-regulation of Runx3 mRNA and Runx3 protein in 59.6% (31/52) and 48.1% （25/52） of the primary tumors tested, and in none of the normal tissues (P＜0.05) respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between the expression level of Runx3 gene and the clinicopathologic parameters such as tumor size, differentiation, infiltrative depth, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P＜0.05， P＜0.01). Runx3 gene transcription was coincident with its protein expression (r=0.840, P＜0.01）. Conclusion The expression of Runx3 gene is down-regulated in gastric carcinoma, which suggests that Runx3 gene plays an important role in carcinogenesis and the progression of gastric carcinoma. It may be a new target of diagnosis and treatment of gastric carcinoma.

做好医教研一体化的病理学实验技术工作

实验技术人员业务水平的高低,关系到病理学科的整体形象和水平,应着力培养他们,让技术人员轮转到技术室、教学实验室、科研实验室具体工作,从医、教、研三方面提高了实验技术人员的工作能力。只有医生和实验技术人员全方位合作工作,整个学科才能同步提升,良性发展。

浅谈视网膜渗出物

Histopathologic examination of the prolapsed tissues at sclerotomy site during vitrectomy

Objectivｅ To investigate the histopathologic charact eristic of the vitreous herniation out of sclerotomy site during vitrectomy. Methods Twenty specimens of tissues herniated at vitrectomy site were collected. The paraffin sections or fresh smears were stained with hematoxylineosin and examined under light microscope. The specimens were collected from the affected　eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (9 cases), traumatic retinal detachment (1 case), miscellaneous vitreous hemorrhage (6 cases) and intraocular foreign body (4 cases). Results The herniated tissues were found to be retina in 4 cases, ciliary tissue in 1 case, retina and ciliary tissue in 1 case, uvea in 1 case, and hyaloid tissue in 13 cases. Conclusion There were not only vitreous, ciliary epithelial cells and pigment containe depithelia, but also ciliary body, retina and uvea in the prolapsed tissues of sclerotomy site, which might be related to the occurence of some clinical complications. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2001,17:99-101)

ADVANCES IN THE NIPPLE-PRESERVING MODIFIED RADICAL MASTECTOMY

Inducing and differentiating effect of transforming growth factor-β2 on the retinal stem cells in rats cultured in vitro

Objective To observe whether transforming growth factor-beta;2（TGF-beta;2）could promote the differentiation of retinal stem cells in rats cultured in vitro. Methods The retinal stem cells were separated from the embryonic ratsprime; eyes under the dissecting microscope, cultured, and subcultured. The cells were identified by nestin and Chx-10 immunofluorescence. The sixth generation of cells were induced and differentiated, immunofluorescent stained with anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein，anti-opsin, anti-b-tubulin, and anti-protein kinase C, and identified the final cells. Results The cultured cells after induced by TGF-beta;2 differentiated to the mature cells. The results of immunofluorescence showed that the differentiated cells induced by TGF-beta;2 were more than which induced by the embryonic bovine blood serum. Conclusion TGF-beta;2 may induce the retinal stem cell differentiating into retinal cells. The inductive and differentiating effect of TGF-beta;2 is ber than which of the blood serum. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2007, 23: 104-107)