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find Keyword "社区" 134 results
  • Health Promotion and Disease Prevention as a Complement to Community Health Indicators

    Release date:2016-09-07 11:09 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • A Survey and Analysis on Residents’ Satisfactory Degree to the Rebuilding Status of Community Health Service System in Mianzhu City

    Objective To investigate the rebuilding status of community health service (CHS) system after Wenchuan earthquake in Mianzhu, improve service ability and provide data for better reconstruction of CHS system after natural disaster. Methods The interview was conducted with local health system officials, and self-designed questionnaire for face-to-face interview was distributed to 508 community residents in Mianzhu who were selected by convenience sampling. Data entry and statistical analysis were completed using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and SPSS 16.0 respectively. Results A total of 508 questionnaires were distributed, and then 486 questionnaires were retrieved effectively (response rate 95.7%). The analysis on 486 respondents in CHS after rebuilding showed the rate of respondents with health files rose from 20.1% to 43.8%, the rate of having regular health check-up rose from 7.4% to 46.7%, the rate of health education rose from 20.1% to 39.7%, the rate of chronic disease monitoring rose from 0.9% to 35.4%, the rate of knowing referral pattern rose from 15.7% to 51.2%, the rate of propaganda for disaster relief rose from 33.6% to 58.6%, and the rate of doing disaster emergency response exercise was 21.8% currently. 62.3% of residents chose CHS on the first visit. The satisfactory degree to CHS rose from 45.4% to 76.1% after earthquake. Both popularization of regular health check-up and propaganda for disaster relief were major factors with influence on residents’ satisfaction to CHS (Plt;0.001, P=0.010, respectively). Conclusion The residents’ satisfactory degree to the rebuilding status of CHS system is encouraging. It is necessary to strengthen the popularization of regular health check-up and propaganda for disaster relief in order to improve the quality of community health service.

    Release date:2016-09-07 10:59 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • The Role of Monitoring Procalcitonin in Comprehensive Evaluation during Diagnosis and Treatment of Community Acquired Pneumonia

    ObjectiveTo investigate the role of dynamic monitoring procalcitonin (PCT) in the comprehensive evaluation during the diagnosis and treatment of community acquired pneumonia (CAP). MethodsFour hundred and sixty-eight patients with CAP were randomly assigned to a PCT-guided group (the research group) and a standard guideline group (the control group). The clinical symptoms,CURB-65 grade,blood leucocyte count and classification,and C-reactive protein (CRP)were compared between two groups. The PCT-guided application time of antibiotics,the hospitalization time,chest CT examination rate,the cure or the improvement rate were also estimated and commpared. ResultsThe hospitalization time [(9.6±1.7)days vs. (10.9±1.6)days],hospitalization cost [(6 957.11±1 009.46) yuan vs. (8 011.35±1 049.77) yuan],chest CT examination rate (56.96% vs. 89.40%),the application time of antibiotics [(16.5±2.3)days vs. (20.0±1.2)days],and the rate of required antibiotics upgrade (6.96% vs. 11.06%) in the research group were all significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between two groups in the ratio of the adverse reaction of antibiotics (14.78% vs. 15.20%),the rate of transfer into ICU (2.61% vs. 3.69%) or the mortality (1.74% vs. 2.30%)(P>0.05). ConclusionOn the basis of CAP guidelines,the dynamic monitoring of PCT may shorten the time of antibiotic use and the hospitalization,reduce the cost of hospitalization and the rate of chest CT scan in patients with CAP.

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  • Exploration and practice of non-directly affiliated hospitals under the background of medical reform: a case study of Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group

    Non-directly affiliated hospitals are an important supplement to directly affiliated hospitals of medical colleges in China. Considering the problems of teaching consciousness, school running form and teachers construction in non-directly affiliated hospitals, this paper takes the medical personnel training of a non-directly affiliated hospital which is subordinate to Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group as an example, in order to analyze the related exploration methods of non-directly affiliated hospitals under the development of hospital collectivization, and put forward a trinity training mode of general practitioners, which is “medical college-non-directly affiliated hospital-community health center”. This paper further discusses the challenges and possible solutions faced by non-directly affiliated hospitals in the new era.

    Release date:2021-01-26 04:34 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Expression of MIZ1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with community-acquired pneumonia and its clinical significance

    Objective To measure the expression level of Myc-interacting zinc finger protein-1 (MIZ1) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with severe and non-severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and its relationship with inflammatory factors. Methods Thirty-six CAP patients from Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from April 2018 to June 2019 were enrolled in this study. MIZ1 mRNA level in PBMC were measured by reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, and interferon-α in the serum of patients were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of MIZ1 mRNA and inflammatory factors were compared between the severe CAP patients and the non-severe CAP patients. Results Compared with non-severe CAP patients, the MIZ1 mRNA level in the PBMC of severe CAP patients was lower (P<0.05) than non-severe group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the expression level of MIZ1 in PBMC was calculated according to whether CAP was severe or non-severe, and the area under ROC curve was 0.731 (P=0.018). Spearman correlation analysis showed that MIZ1 mRNA was negatively correlated with IL-10 level in the severe CAP patients (Spearman correlation co-efficient was –0.620, P<0.05). Conclusions MIZ1 may indicate the severity of CAP. MIZ1 may affect IL-10 so as to play a role in inflammation regulation.

    Release date:2022-02-19 01:09 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Best evidence of non-pharmacological interventions in community elderly with sarcopenia

    Objective To evaluate and summarize the evidence related to non-pharmacological interventions in community-dwelling elderly with sarcopenia and to provide an evidence-based basis for guiding community health professionals to effectively manage older patients with sarcopenia. Methods We searched all evidence about non-pharmacological interventions in community-dwelling elderly with sarcopenia from BMJ Best Practice, UpToDate, Guidelines International Network, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario, Canadian Medical Association Clinical Practice Guidelines Infobase, American Society for Nutrition, Australian JBI Evidence-Based Health Care Centre Database, CINAHL, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CBM, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP Databases. The types of literature included guidelines, expert consensus, systematic reviews, evidence summaries and meta-analyses. The retrieval time ranged from January 1, 2019 to May 31, 2024. Results A total of 14 publications were included, including 2 guidelines, 3 expert consensuses, and 9 systematic reviews. Twenty-four pieces of evidence were summarized in 3 areas, including screening, assessment, and non-pharmacological interventions for sarcopenia. Conclusion We summarize the best evidence for initial screening, systematic assessment, and comprehensive non-pharmacological interventions for elderly patients with sarcopenia in the community, and provide a guidance and reference for community medical staff to efficiently manage elderly patients with sarcopenia.

    Release date:2024-12-27 01:56 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 日间手术的术式准入与挑战

    日间手术可以提高医院服务效率,实现优质医疗资源利用的最大化,降低医疗费用和改善看病感受。随着内镜微创技术的进步,国内日间手术发展有星火燎原之势,但仍面对诸多挑战。医院在启动日间手术时,首先建立功能独立的日间手术中心有利于摸索完善的日间手术流程,但需要科学准入与日间手术室条件、手术医师和麻醉师技术能力、患者出院后社区康复可及性等相适应的术式。建立全国或者区域性的日间手术术式准入标准,有利于促进医疗保险支付政策向日间手术倾斜。功能完善的社区医疗和家庭全科医师服务体系将促进国内日间手术的规模化发展。

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  • Questionnaire survey on the knowledge of pulmonary functions in general physicians in Shanghai

    ObjectiveTo know about equipment of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in community health service centers and the knowledge of pulmonary function in general physicians.MethodsThis questionnaire survey was carried out sponsored by Shanghai Basic Alliance for Respiratory Diseases Prevention and Treatment from June to December in 2016. Most community health service centers in 16 districts of Shanghai participated the survey. The questionnaire included education background, professional qualification, PFTs equipment, and knowledge about PFTs.ResultsThere were 963 general physicians in 131 community health service centers completed the questionnaire. There were 27 (20.6%) community health service centers equipped with simplified pulmonary function test device and 910 (94.5%) physicians knowing PFTs. Out of these 910 physicians, 458 physicians (50.3%) gave the correct answer on question about the items of PFTs. The accuracy of question about the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was 24.0% (218/910).ConclusionsThe rate of community health service centers with equipment on PFTs is low and the knowledge on pulmonary function in general physicians is insufficentt in Shanghai. Training on pulmonary function is essential to adapt the stratified treatment of COPD.

    Release date:2018-03-29 03:32 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Comparison of efficacy and disease burden of tracheoscopy intervention in the initial treatment stage of community-acquired pneumonia in four hospitals

    ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) by tracheoscopy intervention altimeter and analyze and compare its financial burden.MethodsRetrospective analysis of 419 hospitalized patients with CAP was carried in respiratory medicine department of four hospitals from July 1, 2017 to August 31, 2018 (Changhai Hospital, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Baoshan Branch of Shanghai First People’s Hospital, and Baoshan Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital). According to the time of tracheoscopy intervention treatment, they were divided into 3 groups: 127 patients treated with tracheoscopy intervention during the initial treatment period (within 72 h after obtaining imaging diagnosis) were included in an early intervention group, 158 patients treated with tracheoscopy intervention 72 h after obtaining imaging diagnosis were included in a medium-term intervention group, and 134 patients treated without tracheoscopy intervention were included in a non-intervention group. The total efficiency of treatment, improvement of clinical symptoms, imaging absorption, serum inflammation index level, sputum culture positive rate, change rate, efficiency after drug change, hospital stay and hospitalization cost were compared among three groups.ResultsThe total efficiency of treatment in the early intervention group was higher than that of the medium-term intervention group and the non-intervention group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05), and the time of normality of body temperature, the time of disappearance of strong sputum and cough in the early intervention group, the absorption time of chest X-rays were shorter than that of the medium-term intervention group and the non-intervention group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); peripheral blood hemoglobin, serum calcitonin and hypersensitive C reactive protein levels were lower than those in the medium-term intervention group and the non-intervention group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05), and the sputum-positive and drug-change rates in the early intervention group and the medium-term intervention group were higher than those in the non-intervention group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the duration of hospital stay in the early intervention group was shorter than that of the medium-term intervention group and the non-intervention group, and the cost of hospitalization was less than that of the medium-term intervention group and the non-intervention group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionTracheoscopy intervention treatment in the initial period of CAP not only significantly improves the efficacy, but also significantly reduces treatment costs and length of hospitalization, hence it is worth clinical promotion.

    Release date:2020-09-27 06:38 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 老年家庭无创通气护理的问题及对策

    目的 探讨老年家庭无创通气护理中存在的问题,以期加强社区护士对老年家庭无创通气的监管和护理,提高老年家庭无创通气的安全性、有效性。 方法 采用问卷方式调查2007年5月-2009年5月56例患者家庭无创通气的情况。 结果 所有老年家庭无创通气患者均未接受过社区护士的家庭访视护理。老年家庭无创通气护理存在诸多问题。 结论 提高社区护士无创通气的理论和操作水平,发展家庭访视护理,组建家庭无创通气专业队伍对提高家庭无创通气的安全性、有效性有重要意义。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:49 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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