ObjectiveTo study the changes of levels of α subunits of stimulatory (Gsα) and inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding protein (Giα) in newborn guinea pig (0 2 days old) myocardium undergoing global ischemic reperfusion, and influences on the changes by St.Thomas Ⅱ and cold blood cardioplegic solution.MethodsThirty newborn guinea pigs were randomly assigned to three groups. GroupⅠ ( n = 10): the newborn hearts suffered by hypothermic global ischemia; group Ⅱ( n =10): the newborn hearts arrested by St. Thomas Ⅱ , and group Ⅲ ( n = 10): the newborn hearts arrested by cold blood cardioplegic solution. Levels of Gsα and Giα were investigated with Western blot analysis.ResultsNo differences of levels of Gsα and Giα were found in three groups before ischemia ( P gt;0.05). The level of Gsα after ischemia was significantly decreased than before ischemia in groupⅠand group Ⅱ ( P lt; 0 01), whereas no pronounced changes in group Ⅲ ( P gt;0.05) were noted after ischemia. The level of Gsα in group Ⅲ was not significantly changed after reperfusion compared with before ischemia( P gt;0 05), and it was much higher than those in groupⅠand group Ⅱ ( P lt; 0 01). Level of Giα was found not markedly changed in group Ⅲ after reperfusion compared with that before ischemia, but was notable higher in groupⅠand group Ⅱ( P lt;0.01). ConclusionsSignificant decrease of level of Gsα, whereas marked increase of level of Giα are found in myocardium of newborn guinea pig undergoing hypothermic (20℃) ischemic reperfusion. No impact of St. Thomas Ⅱ on these changes is verified, but recovery to the level of Gsα and Giα before ischemia is achieved by cold blood cardioplegic solution after ischemia and reperfusion. Unbalance between Gsα and Giα is the one of the mechanisms of ischemic reperfusion injury for immature myocardium.
Objective To study the effects of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the course of hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury (HIRI), and analyze its mechanism. Methods The relationship between HSPs and HIRI was studied by reviewing literatures. Results HSPs was a kind of stress protein induced after cell was sitmulated by the stress. It could improve body′s tolerance to tough situation. Though hepatic ischemia reperfusion usually results in serious hepatic injury, at the same time it could induce can increase the production of HSPs that can protect liver from and lessen ischemia reperfusion injury. Conclusion HSPs can improve the tolerance to HIRI and lessen injury. In addition, HSPs is thought to be markers of HIRI, and can be used as a efficient indicator to test the level of hepatic injury and assess prognosis.
Gastrointestinal complications after cardiac surgery are rare, but they are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The mechanisms of gastrointestinal complications after cardiac surgery may be unique, as the abdominal cavity is not involved. This review summarizes the current evidence of the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, risk factors, and management of gastrointestinal complications after cardiac surgery, aiming to improve the recognition of gastrointestinal complications after cardiac surgery.
Objective To explore a new method of treating early avascular necrosis of femoral head (AVNFH). Methods Sixty-nine New Zealand adult rabbitswith a mean weight of 2.8 kg after AVNFH presenting were randomly divided into three groups. In group A, deproteinized bone(DPB) combined with the recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1/vascular endothelial growth factor 165(VEGF165) was implanted in the drilled channel of the necrotic femoral head. In group B, only DPB was implanted. In group C, channel was drilled without DPB or plasmid implanted. Femoral head specimens were obtained 3 days, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks after operation. The expression of VEGF165 was examined by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemical techniques. X-ray testedbone formation generally. Angiogenesis and repair of the femoral head were observed by histological and histomorphometric analysis. Results In group A, the expressions of VEGF165 mRNA and protein were detected 3 days postoperatively, reached apex 1 week and lasted more than 3 weeks after implantation. The ratios of IOD of collagen type Ⅰ were 0.29±0.11, 0.55±0.13 and 0.67±0.10 IOD/μm2 respectively at 2, 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively and the ratios of IOD of new capillary vessels were 0.33±0.10and 0.57±0.16 IOD/μm2 respectively at 2, 4 weeks postoperatively in group A, showing statistically significant difference (Plt;0.01) when compared with groups B and D. X-ray test indicated much bone callus formed early. Conclusion Transfection of the VEGF165 gene can enhance local angiogenesis at early stage andDPBVEGF165 compound can improve bone formation. Deproteinized bone combined with VEGF165 gene provides a potential method for therapy of osteonecrosis.
目的:介绍一种自制的Matas试验架,探讨其临床应用效果。方法:介绍Matas试验架的制作和使用方法。并对10例颈动脉体瘤、4例巨大海绵窦动脉瘤、5例外伤性颈内动脉海绵窦瘘患者进行颈动脉压迫耐受训练。通过数字减影血管造影(DSA)和经颅多普勒(TCD)检查,了解大脑动脉及Willis环侧支循环的建立和代偿情况。结果:DSA和TCD显示大脑动脉及Willis环侧支循环的建立和代偿情况良好。19例患者均实施手术治疗和介入治疗,无一例发生并发症。结论:使用自制Matas试验架来进行颈动脉压迫训练,以其定位准确、压迫可靠、稳定性好、效果确切等优点,为成功手术提供了精确的术前评估和耐受训练。
Objective To evaluate the phenomena of apoptosis and its relevant mechanism during ischemia-reperfusion period. Methods The published papers to explore the apoptotic phenomena and its mechanism in organs or tissues which experienced ischemia-reperfusion injury were reviewed. Results Apoptosis was common in ischemia-reperfusioned organ or tissue. The severity of apoptosis was influenced by many factors such as ischemia, hypoxia, oxygen free radials, intracellular free calcium ion overloading, various cytokines, et al; and also was regulated by bcl-2 family, caspase family and NF-κB，et al. Conclusion Apoptosis is a common phenomenum in ischemiareperfusioned organ or tissue which is affected and regulated by various factors.
In order to study the curative effect of vascularized bone graft in the treatment of avascular necrosis of talus, 24 patients were treated with vascularized bone grafts, in which 9 cases had received 1st cuneiform bone graft with a malleolaris anteriomedialis, 4 cases with the 1st cuneiform bone graft with the medial tarsal artery and 11 cases with vascularized cuboid bone graft with the lateral tarsal artery. All of the patients were followed up for 3-5.5 years. The clinical observation and X-ray examination showed that function of the ankle joint was completely or almost normal in 16 cases, and the bone repair was excellent. There was slight pain in the ankle joint in 4 cases. The efficiency rate of the treatment was 83.3%. It could be concluded that vascularized bone graft might be an effective method in the treatment of avascular necrosis of talus.
目的 探讨异氟醚通过抑制细胞间黏附分子（ICAM-1）表达参与减轻肝脏缺血-再灌注（IR）损伤的可能调节机制。 方法 32只雌性SD大鼠分为4组。A组大鼠行腹腔注射1%戊巴比妥钠40 mg/kg麻醉，进行手术但不阻断入肝血流；B组1%戊巴比妥钠麻醉后行部分肝脏IR；C组大鼠仅接受1.0 MAC异氟醚吸入麻醉，不阻断血流；D组采用1.0 MAC异氟醚麻醉，建立肝脏IR模型。肝脏缺血60 min，再灌注3 h后取肝组织和血液标本，检测血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）和天冬门氨酸转氨酶（AST）、肝组织ICAM-1和肝组织还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）、脂质过氧化物丙二醛（MDA）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）含量。 结果 与戊巴比妥钠麻醉比较，采用异氟醚处理后明显降低血清ALT和AST的水平，再灌注肝组织内GSH、SOD含量明显高于而MDA含量降低，同时抑制肝组织ICAM-1的表达。 结论 异氟醚麻醉能够有效减轻肝脏IR损伤，抑制氧自由基的生成和释放，具体机制可能与抑制ICAM-1表达致使细胞内GSH含量增加密切相关。