ObjectiveTo know the status and risk factors of occupational exposure in a top-class hospital in Sichuan, and provide the basis for occupational safety and protective measures. Methods"Hospital Medical Staff Occupational Exposure Registration Form" was used in this retrospective study. Statistical analysis was performed on medical workers' exposure data between January 2011 and June 2014 in a top-class hospital in Sichuan Province. ResultsA total of 139 cases of occupational exposures were recorded in some of the medical staff. There were more females than males. Nurses had the most exposures (70.5%), and the exposure sources were mainly human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus (27.9% and 21.0%, respectively). The exposure type was mainly sharp injury (84.2%). Exposure occurred mainly in surgery (47.5%), and different job or places had different exposure types with significant differences (χ2=12.683, 20.897, P<0.05). Sharp injury was mainly caused by the scalp needle and syringe, and the injured sites were mainly upper limbs (98.3%). However, exposure to blood and body fluids occurred mainly on upper limbs (54.5%) or face (45.5%). ConclusionOccupational exposures are mainly sharp injuries, especially in surgeries. Women, nurses or medical staff with low qualifications had the highest exposure risk. Thus, occupational safety and protection training should be strengthened.
目的:探讨口腔科医务人员职业暴露的危险因素,提高防护意识,减少职业暴露。方法:通过2007年1月至2008年12月对口腔科医务人员职业暴露的危险因素进行回顾性调查分析。结果:易造成口腔科医务人员职业暴露的危险因素有:生物方面因素、物理方面因素、化学方面因素、环境方面因素。结论:加强学习和培训,提高防护意识。完善防护制度,严格执行操作规程,落实标准预防措施,加强监督管理,是减少职业暴露的关键。
ObjectiveTo study the effect of new bundle interventions on medical staff’s cognition of occupational exposure protection and exposure rate, and provide evidence for reducing medical staff’s occupational exposure.MethodsThe 1 435 medical practitioners in 37 clinical/technical departments of Nanchong Central Hospital were selected as the research objects. Bundle intervention strategies about occupational exposure for whole population and high risk population were implemented, and the medical staff’s cognition of occupational exposure, occurrence of occupational exposure, and post-exposure reporting in 2017 (before intervention) and 2018 (after intervention) were investigated and compared to evaluate the intervention effects.ResultsThe numbers of valid survey forms collected before intervention and after intervention were 1 160 and 1 421, respectively. The total awareness rate increased from 91.10% before intervention to 96.10% after intervention (P<0.001). The exposure rate and average rank of exposure frequency after intervention were lower than those before intervention (10.98% vs. 17.50%, 1 250.74 vs. 1 340.32), the reporting rate of initial exposure after intervention (69.23%) was higher than that before intervention (57.64%), and the differences were all statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionThrough gradually implementing the new bundle interventions, medical staff can improve the cognition of occupational exposure, reduce the occurrence of occupational exposure, improve the enthusiasm of reporting, and create a safe atmosphere.
ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors and protective measures of the occupation exposure of probationer nurses in operation room. MethodsThe self-designed questionnaire was used to reveal the risk factors and protective measures of occupation exposure in probationer nurses worked at the operating room during January 2011 and December 2013. ResultsThe female probationer nurses in operating room accounted for 97.7%; the probationer nurses from the secondary specialized school accounted for 53.1%. All the nurses didn't received any occupational protection knowledge training in schools. The practical nurses who failed to follow the regulate operation accounted for 76.8%. The occupational exposure occurred in 457 nurses during the period, which accounted for 44.7% of all the probationer nurses surveyed; the biological occupational exposure accounted for 38.5%. ConclusionTo strengthen the occupation safety education of operation room nurses, strictly regulate the operation procedures, establish the consummation protection measures and regulations, and strengthen their self-protection awareness can effectively reduce the occupation exposure injury in the probationer nurses in operation room.
As an important tool for nucleic acid detection of variant strains of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2), the mobile air capsule construction laboratory is a key medical resource in the prevention and control of COVID-19. Medical staff, security guards, cleaners, maintenance workers and volunteers in the mobile air capsule construction laboratory have high contact frequency with the samples, so they have a high risk of infection with COVID-19. In order to reduce this risk, this article discusses the infection management measures in the aspects of wearing and taking off personal protective equipment, environmental health management, post use goods management, medical waste management, staff training management and disposal process after occupational exposure, and analyzed the common problems in operation, based on the operation process of Nanchong mobile air capsule construction laboratory. The purpose is to provide a reference for the construction and management of other mobile air capsule construction laboratory.
Objective To explore the influencing factors of medical staff’s preventive behaviors of occupational exposure using health belief model. Methods A questionnaire was used to investigate the health beliefs and prevention-related behaviors of medical staff in Shuguang Hospital Affilliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 2018 to June 2019. The preventive behaviors and health beliefs of health workers with different occupational categories and working years were analyzed descriptively, and the influence of health beliefs on preventive behaviors was analyzed with multiple linear regression. Results There were 400 copies of questionnaire dispatched and 384 recovered. Among the survey respondents, 258 (67.19%) were females, 169 (44.01%) were aged 20-30 years, and 203 (52.86%) had worked for 5 or less years; 158 (41.15%) had sharp injury experience, 171 (44.53%) had experience of exposure to blood or body fluids, and 290 (75.52%) were actively immunized by injecting vaccines. The total score of compliance with standard preventive behaviors of the 384 respondents was 6.94±3.12. The scores of perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barriers, perceived benefits, and perceived self-efficacy were 24.87±4.56, 31.27±5.92, 16.50±5.77, 36.06±5.60, and 15.27±2.98, respectively. The total score of health beliefs was 123.97±15.91. The compliance with standard preventive behaviors and total score of health beliefs of logistics staff were lower than those of other respondents (P<0.05). The scores of perceived barriers of medical technicians and clinicians were significantly higher than that of nurses (P<0.05). The scores of perceived benefits and perceived self-efficacy of clinicians were lower than those of nurses (P<0.05). Respondents who had worked for 6-10 years had better compliance with standard preventive behaviors than interns and the ones who had worked for 11-15 years (P<0.05), and had a lower total score of health beliefs than the ones who had worked for over 16 years (P<0.05). Respondents who had worked for over 16 years had better scores of perceived benefits and perceived self-efficacy (P<0.05), and had a lower score of perceived barriers (P<0.05). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender [nonstandardized partial regression coefficient (b)=–0.644, 95% confidence interval (CI) (–1.162, –0.125), P=0.015], educational background [b=1.367, 95%CI (1.245, 1.587), P<0.001], and score of perceived barriers [b=0.044, 95%CI (0.004, 0.084), P=0.031] were influencing factors of medical staff’s preventive behavior compliance. Conclusions The score of perceived barriers is a main factor that prevents medical staff from implementing standard preventive measures. In the occupational exposure training program, it may be effective to help medical staff establish good standard prevention habits by improving the awareness of obstacles.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the occupational exposures and protective condition of medical staff in operating room for interventional therapy. MethodsFrom September to November in 2014, 46 medical staff in the operating room for interventional therapy were adopted to complete the occupational exposures and protection situation survey. After that, we analyzed and scored all the questionnaires. ResultsThe awareness of the medical staff about occupational exposures and occupational protection in the operating room was low; the awareness rates of doctors, nurses, and radiology technicians were 74.2%, 63.0% and 66.7%, respectively. The general condition of implement of occupational protection measures of the medical staff was bad, and the average rate of the doctors, nurses and radiology technicians was 51.3%, 43.9%, and 15.2%. ConclusionThe implement rates of occupational protection measures of the medical staff in Operating Room for interventional therapy differ much from the awareness rates. The rates in doctors and nurses are higher than that in radiology technicians. We should strengthen the education of radiation damage and protection measures in doctors, and enhance the training of iatrogenic injuries related knowledge in clinical radiology technicians to reduce occupational hazards.
ObjectiveTo enhance the management of occupational exposure, improve post-exposure reporting, promote post-exposure follow-up, reduce blood-borne infections caused by exposure, and ensure occupational safety among medical staff by using comprehensive measures based on nosocomial infection management system.MethodsAll the reported cases of occupational exposure were retrospectively collected from August 2012 to July 2018. The cases were divided into the control group (from August 2012 to July 2015) in which the data were reported in paper, and the observation group (from August 2015 to July 2018) in which the data were reported by nosocomial infection management system. The report and follow up results of occupational exposure in the two groups were compared and analyzed.ResultsAfter three years application of nosocomial infection management system, the occupational exposure report increased 95.8% (increased from 16.7 cases per year to 32.7 cases per year); the follow-up ratio of occupational exposure after one month,3 months and 6 months increased from 65.0% to 93.3% (χ2=15.184, P<0.001), 45.0% to 73.3% (χ2=9.033, P=0.003), and 25.0% to 53.3% (χ2=8.522, P=0.004), respectively.ConclusionApplication of nosocomial infection management system can increase the report of occupational exposure and the follow-up ratio of occupational exposure significantly.