【Abstract】Objective To investigate therapeutic effect and mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen and ulinastatin respectively or combinatively used to treat acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). Methods One hundred and twenty SD rats were divided into 6 groups randomly: group of normal control, group receiving sham operation, group of untreated acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP group), group of acute necrotizing pancreatitis treated with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO group), group of acute necrotizing pancreatitis treated with ulinastatin (ULT group), and group of acute necrotizing pancreatitis treated with combined hyperbaric oxygen and ulinastatin (HBO+ULT group). The rat model of acute necrotizing pancreatitis was established according to Aho HJ et al. Concentrations of amylase, TNFα, TXB2 and 6ketoPGF1α in blood were measured through ELISA or radioimmunoassay. Changes of pancreatic histopathology were investigated. SPSS 10.0 was used in statistical analysis. Results The concentrations of amylase, TNFα, TXB2 in the ANPtreated groups were significantly lower than those of ANP group (P＜0.01) except for 6ketoPGF1α and the levels of amylase and TNFα of HBO group were strikingly higher than those in HBO+ULT group. Only the level of AMS was significantly different between ULT group and HBO+ULT group (P＜0.01). Pancreas histopathological scores(HS) and CD8 counts of ANP group were significantly higher than those the other three group, but CD4 counts and CD4/CD8 ratio were on the contrary (P＜0.05). HS of HBO and ULT were strikingly higher than those of HBO+ULT (P＜0.05).Conclusion ①Hyperbaric oxygen or ulinastatin can effectively decrease the blood levels of enzymes and cytokines and improve the pancreatic immunity. ②Hyperbaric oxygen in combination with ulinastatin are more effective than either of them in the treatment of ANP.
摘要:目的: 观察拉米夫定联合阿德福韦酯治疗E抗原阴性的慢性乙型肝炎患者的疗效和安全性。 方法 :2006～2007年来我院就诊的慢性乙型肝炎患者,给予拉米夫定100 mg/d,阿德福韦酯 100 mg/d,观察治疗前及治疗后12、24 及48周谷丙转氨酶水平、HBV DNA水平、乙型肝炎病毒血清标志物的应答效果及肾功能变化。 结果 :治疗12周、24周和48周时,HBV DNA转阴率分别为17%、43%和87%,且各组间差异具有统计学意义(P lt;005);ALT复常率分别为13%,67%和100%,且各组间差异具有统计学意义(P lt;005);治疗48周时,所有患者均未发生表面抗原的消失;整个治疗过程中,患者的耐受性良好,未发生一例严重不良事件。 结论 :拉米夫定联合阿德福韦酯治疗E抗原阴性的慢性乙肝患者,可获得较好的临床疗效,该治疗策略为临床抗病毒治疗提供了新的选择。Abstract: Objective: To observe the curative efficacy and safety of lamivudine combined with adefovir dipivoxil on HBeAgnegative initial treated chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods : Outatients from our hospital between June, 2006 and August, 2007, who received lamivudine 100 mg and adefovir dipivoxil 10 mg per day were screened. And the level of ALT, HBV DNA, and urea nitrogen, as well as the statue of HBsAg and antiHBs were detected at week 12, 24, and 48 Results : The undetectable rates of HBV DNA were 17%, 43%, and 87% at week 12, 24, and 48 respectively, and the difference in response rate were statistic significantly (Plt;005). The ALT normalization rate were 13%, 67%, and 100% at week 12, 24, and 48 respectively, and the difference in response rate were statistic significantly (Plt;005); During the course of antiviral therapy, the loss of HBsAg was not observed and all patients were well tolerated. Conclusion : The combination of lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil were effective for HBeAgnegative CHB patients, and this treatment strategy provided us a new option in clinical antiviral practice.
目的:评价双醋瑞因联合玻璃酸钠治疗骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法:采用回顾性临床对照研究方案设计,65例膝骨关节炎患者应用关节腔内注射玻璃酸钠治疗为对照组,69例膝骨关节炎患者在玻璃酸钠基础治疗的同时合用双醋瑞因6个月作为联合治疗组,通过VAS评分、WOMAC评分、ESR和CRP在治疗前、治疗后1个月、3个月和后3个月3个时段四个时间断面的病情改变作为疗效判断指标。结果:与治疗前相比,两组的关节触痛、20米步行痛评分、WOMAC评分、ESR和CRP有明显改善(Plt;0.001);在治疗后的3个月,各个观察指标联合治疗组明显优于对照组(χ2=5.256,Plt;0.05);在治疗后的第2、3个月和治疗后的后3个月两个时段,应用NSAIDs的患者例数上,联合治疗组明显少于对照组(P=0.022;χ2=10.428,P=0.001),在治疗初的1个月内两组无差异(χ2=0.137,P=0.711),并且未发生严重不良事件。结论:双醋瑞因和玻璃酸钠二者对骨关节炎治疗都有临床疗效;在对OA采用玻璃酸钠治疗的基础上,同时合用和维持治疗,临床疗效更持久有效,值得临床推广。
ObjectiveTo investigate the working principles, recent advances, and combined therapeutic efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in pancreatic cancer treatment when integrated with conventional therapies (e.g., surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy), and to evaluate its potential for improving patient survival outcomes and quality of life. MethodsA comprehensive analysis of recent IRE researches in pancreatic cancer was performed, elucidating therapeutic mechanisms, technical merits, clinical limitations, and combinatorial effects with conventional therapies through examination of clinical trials and prospective studies. ResultsIRE induces irreversible nanopores in tumor cell membranes via high-intensity electric fields, disrupting membrane integrity and triggering apoptotic cell death. Notably, it promotes immunogenic cell death, activating dendritic cells and initiating tumor-specific immune responses. When combined with surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or immunotherapy, IRE enhances therapeutic efficacy, prolongs survival in locally advanced pancreatic cancer patients, reduces postoperative recurrence rates, and significantly improves quality of life. ConclusionsAs a non-thermal ablation technique, IRE demonstrates unique advantages in localized pancreatic cancer treatment, particularly for surgically ineligible patients, and serves as a potent adjunct to traditional therapies. With technological refinements and accumulating clinical evidence, IRE is poised to play an increasingly pivotal role in future oncology practice.
COPD 被定义为一种慢性肺部“炎症”性疾病。COPD 的炎症反应由吸烟、大气污染等有害颗粒或气体所诱发, 主要累及小气道和肺实质, 导致慢性支气管炎和气道阻塞; 同时还导致肺实质的破坏, 引起肺气肿, 形成不完全可逆的气流受限。COPD 的炎症以中性粒细胞为主, 肺泡巨噬细胞、CD8 + T细胞以及肥大细胞、嗜酸粒细胞、CD4 + T细胞和B 细胞等都可能参与了COPD 炎症过程。 糖皮质激素( 简称激素) 具有广泛的抗炎作用, 是临床最常用的抗炎药物。激素用于哮喘治疗取得了良好的临床疗效。但是在COPD 治疗上却存在许多争议．．．．．．
ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy, safety, and problems of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and their combination with other therapies in treatment of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodThe relevant literatures on the clinical trials of ICIs and their combination therapy in patients with advanced HCC in recent years were collected and reviewed.ResultsThe therapeutic effects of programmed death receptor 1 and its ligands and cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4 monoclonal antibodies in clinical trials of patients with advanced HCC were better, but the therapeutic effect of single drug was limited. Double immunotherapy and its combination with anti-angiogenesis inhibitors, molecular targeted drugs, and local therapy might make patients achieve more remarkable therapeutic effects, especially in combination with anti-angiogenesis inhibitors.ConclusionICIs could remarkably improve survival prognosis of patients with advanced HCC, combined immunotherapy has better survival benefits.
目的 评估替比夫定与阿德福韦酯联合治疗优化阿德福韦酯单药治疗应答不佳的阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者的疗效。 方法 选择2008年6月－2009年8月间共26例阿德福韦酯治疗至少12个月且病毒学应答不佳的乙型肝炎病毒e抗原（HBeAg），阳性的慢性乙型肝炎患者，在10 mg阿德福韦酯治疗的基础上，加用600 mg替比夫定。肝功能和乙型肝炎病毒（HBV） DNA每3个月评估1次，乙型肝炎两对半和腹部B型超声每半年评估1次。 结果 在第1年的治疗期间，所有患者血清HBV DNA水平均呈进行性下降，其中24例（92.3%）血清HBV DNA水平在联合治疗12个月时低于检测值下限，有25例（96.2%）患者丙氨酸转氨酶水平复常。治疗6个月时，分别有7例（26.9%）和2例（7.7%）患者发生HBeAg消失和血清学转换；治疗12个月时，分别有11例（42.3%）和8例（30.8%）患者发生HBeAg消失和血清学转换。整个治疗期间，26例患者均未出现病毒学突破。 结论 阿德福韦酯单药治疗应答不佳时，加用替比夫定可有效控制病毒，使患者获得较好的病毒学、生化学和免疫学应答。Objective To evaluate the curative efficacy of telbivudine combined with defovir dipivoxil on positive-HBeAg chronic hepatitis B patients with suboptimal response to adefovir dipivoxil. Methods A total of 26 HBeAg-positive patients with suboptimal response to adefovir dipivoxil (treated with adefovir dipivoxil for more than 12 months) were treated with adefovir dipivoxil 10 mg in addition to telbivudine 600 mg between June 2008 and August 2009. Liver function and serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA tests were assessed at the baseline and 3-month intervals, whereas HBV serological markers and abdominal ultrasonography were carried out every 6 months. Results During the first year of treatment, all patients showed a progressive decline of serum HBV DNA levels; while undetectable serum HBV DNA and normalization of alanine aminotransferase was achieved in 24(92.3%) and 25 (96.2%) patients, respectively, at the end of the first year of treatment. The 6- and 12-month cumulative rates of HBeAg loss were 26.9% (7/26) and 42.3% (11/26), respectively; and corresponding cumulative rates of HBeAg/anti-HBe seroconversion were 7.7% (2/26) and 30.8 (8/26), respectively. During the observation period, no virological breakthrough was detected. Conclusion Telbivudine combined with defovir dipivoxil may be a good choice for patients with suboptimal response to adefovir dipivoxil, which could induce effective viral inhibition and help patients obtain more virological, biochemical and immunological responses.
Valproic acid can reduce the frequency of seizures through various mechanisms and is widely used in clinical practice as a monotherapy or adjunctive treatment for various types of epilepsy and epileptic syndromes. In addition, valproic acid has significant therapeutic effects on comorbidities associated with epilepsy, such as migraines and psychiatric disorders. It can also be effective in terminating status epilepticus and is commonly used as a broad-spectrum antieseizure medication in clinical settings. However, valproic acid has side effects such as teratogenicity, infertility, and menstrual disorders. Additionally, when used in combination with other drugs, the interactions between medications should be carefully considered. Therefore, in clinical practice, it is necessary to strictly adhere to the indications and dosage regimens for the use of valproic acid. This article provides a comprehensive review of the use of valproic acid in different types of seizures, epileptic syndromes, comorbidities associated with epilepsy, post-craniotomy cases, status epilepticus, and special populations. It also summarizes the combination therapy of valproic acid with other drugs, providing a basis for the rational use of valproic acid and individualized drug treatment selection for epilepsy patients.
Main iliac artery disease is a common lesion that leads to arteriosclerosis and occlusion of the lower limbs. Effective treatment of complex main iliac artery disease has always been a difficult problem. The author’s team successfully treated a patient with long segment iliac artery occlusive disease from the left common iliac artery to the opening of the left femoral artery (118 mm) with Gore viabahn VBX balloon dilated intravascular covered stent and viabahn covered stent, and be reported.