Objective To summarize the development of gallbladder carcinoma related resistance genes and targeted therapy. Methods Domestic and international publications online involving resistance genes and targeted therapy of gallbladder carcinoma in recent years were collected and reviewed. Results Recent studies had shown that chemotherapy drug resistance of gallbladder carcinoma mainly involved lysosome protein transmembrane β4 (LAPTM4B) gene, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) gene, and cancer stem cells (CSCs). While the latest gene targets of treatment for gallbladder carcinoma mainly involved LAPTM4B, Nemo-like kinase (NLK), tissue factor way inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2), vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 7/interleukin 24 (mda-7/IL-24) gene. Conclusion The research involving resistance genes and targeted therapy of gallbladder carcinoma has make a certain progress, which broaden the concept of traditional treatment of gallbladder carcinoma.
目的 评价CT及MRI在中晚期胆囊癌周围脏器侵袭和转移中的诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析我院2003年3月至2010年6月期间收治的经手术病理证实的中晚期胆囊癌患者45例,所有患者术前均同时行CT和MRI检查。结果 ①在诊断胆囊癌方面,CT诊断符合率为93.33% (42/45),MRI诊断符合率为88.89% (40/45),二者比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.287 2,P>0.05)。②在诊断胆囊癌转移的敏感度方面,肝脏直接浸润和转移诊断方面CT为72.00% (18/25),MRI为92.00% (23/25);胆管受侵诊断方面CT为83.33% (5/6),MRI为100% (6/6);胰腺转移诊断方面CT为100% (3/3),MRI为100% (3/3);淋巴结转移诊断方面CT为70.00% (7/10),MRI为90.00% (9/10);腹膜、网膜转移诊断方面CT为33.33% (1/3),MRI为33.33% (1/3)。诊断胆囊癌转移的总诊断符合率CT为72.34%(34/47),MRI为89.36% (42/47),MRI明显高于CT (χ2=4.083 3,P<0.05)。结论 MRI在诊断胆囊癌方面与CT相当,但在诊断肿瘤侵犯邻近器官及转移方面MRI略优于CT。
30 patients with primary carcinoma of gallbladder were treated surgically from 1987 to 1994. The results showed the misdiagnosis rates of gallbladder cancer and of cancer with gallbladder stones were high. Most of primary carcinoma in this serries were adenocarcinomas. Also primary gallbladder carcinoma closely related with gallbladder stones.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal junction(APBDJ) and gallbladder carcinoma. MethodsThe current related literatures were reviewed.ResultsAPBDJ was associated with gallbladder carcinoma development. A proposed mechanism was free reflux of pancreatic juice into the gallbladder and molecular alterations of gallbladder epithelial cells.ConclusionAPBDJ is a high risk factor for gallbladder carcinoma. Prophylactic cholecystectomy is recommended for patients with APBDJ.
We reviewed the clinical studies on drug therapy for gallbladder cancer and expounded on the current situation of conversion therapy for gallbladder cancer. Gallbladder cancer was usually diagnosed late, with high malignancy, low surgical resection rate, and poor prognosis. With the development of conversion therapy, systemic therapy combined with radical resection had effectively improved the surgical resection rate and prognosis of gallbladder cancer patients. At present, most of the published conversion therapies for gallbladder cancer were mainly retrospective researches, lacking large multicenter prospective research, and the treatment plan was still based on chemotherapy, lacking the research of targeted therapy in combination with immunotherapy. It is expected that more high-quality clinical trials can be made first-line recommendations for the conversion therapy of gallbladder cancer.
目的:探讨MRI及多层螺旋CT多平面重建显示胆囊癌对邻近结构侵犯的价值。方法:前瞻性分析18例(CT及MRI各9例)胆囊癌对邻近结构侵犯情况。CT及MRI均包括平扫及增强扫描,CT扫描病例除横断断位外,行冠状位、矢状位重建;MRI病例行横断位、冠状位及矢状位扫描。结果:胆囊癌对邻近结构侵犯的敏感度、特异度、准确度如下:①横断位和矢状位显示邻近肝实质侵犯分别为81.2%、100.0%、83.3%,冠状位分别为87.5%、100.0%、88.9%;②横断位显示胃窦侵犯分别为75.0%、90.0%、83.3%,冠状位及矢状位均分别为75.0%、80.0%、77.7%;③横断位显示十二指肠侵犯分别为70.0%、75.0%、72.2%,冠状位分别为80.0%、75.0%、77.7%,矢状位分别为70.0%、75.0%、72.5%;④横断位和冠状位显示结肠肝曲侵犯均分别为25.0%、85.7%、72.2%,矢状位分别为50.0%、71.4%、66.6%;⑤横断位和冠状位显示胆管侵犯均分别为75.0%、100.0%、83.3%,矢状位分别为66.6%、100.0%、77.7%;⑥横断位、冠状位及矢状位显示邻近腹膜侵犯及淋巴结转移准确度均为66.6%;显示网膜侵犯准确度均为50.0%。结论:横断位、冠状位及矢状位显示胆囊癌对邻近肝实质、胃、十二指肠、胆管侵犯的敏感度、特异度、准确度较高;而显示对结肠肝曲、腹膜、网膜侵犯的准确度较低。
目的 综合评价胰胆管合流异常(PBM)与胆囊癌发生的关系,为胆囊癌的预防提供更多、更准确的信息。 方法 计算机检索中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国期刊网(CNKI)、PubMed、EMBASE、万方等数据库,检索时间从1977年4月-2011年5月,并结合文献追溯的方法,收集国内外公开发表的关于PBM与胆囊癌关系的病例对照研究或队列研究,采用RevMan 5.0.25软件进行Meta分析。 结果 总计纳入文献8篇,其中3篇仅对比分析了PBM在胆囊癌患者与正常对照组中发生率的差异,2篇仅对比分析了胆囊癌在PBM患者与正常对照组中发生率的差异,而另外3篇文献则对这两种发生率的差异都进行了对比。Meta分析结果显示:胆囊癌患者中PBM的发生率明显高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义[OR=7.41,95%CI(5.03,10.87),P<0.000 01];且PBM患者中胆囊癌的发生率明显高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义[OR=17.67,95%CI(10.43,29.94),P<0.000 01]。 结论 PBM是胆囊癌发生的高危因素,与胆囊癌的发生密切相关。