Objective To explore the clinical application value of multifocal oscillatory potentials (MOPs) in retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Methods MOPs were tested using VERIS 4.0 visual evoked response imaging system for 19 cases (19 eyes) of RVO，among them 8 cases of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and 11 cases of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Twenty normal subjects were as normal control group. The stimulative visual angles subtended ±26.6°horizontally and ±22.1°vertically. The filter setting was bandpass 100～1000 Hz. The retinal responses from 103 hexagons were recorded in 4 min (8 segments). Results In normal control group, OP-1, OP-2 and OP-3 were recorded during 37 ms for first order and 47 ms for second order first slice in whole test field and 5 ring retinal regions, the oscillatory wave shapes of second order were clearer than those of first order. In RVO groups, 91.6% latencies of OP-1, OP-2 and OP-3 were delayed, and 70.8% amplitudes of OP-1, OP-2 and OP-3 were reduced. The delay of the latencies and the decrease of the amplitude in CRVO were more markedly than those in BRVO. Conclusion MOPs can be effectively and quantitatively used to evaluate the retinal function of the different location in RVO. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2002,18:20-22)
Objective To investigate the relationship among central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), major systemic diseases, ocular local diseases and related risk factors in Chinese population. Methods Seventeen-six patients with CRVO diagnosed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) without any medical treatment were in CRVO group. Another 76 patients without CRVO or any vascular diseases of ocular fundus were in the control group who were matched with the ones in CRVO group to a one-to-one partnership according to the age and gender. The 2 groups were subdivided into le;45 years old (25 patients, 32.9%) and gt;45 years old (51 patients, 67.1%) subgroups according to the age, and 2 ischemia and non-ischema subgroups according to the results of FFA, respectively. The blood lipid, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose were measured. The systematic diseases, ocular local diseases and the related risk factors were statistically analyzed and compared. Results The incidence of hypertension and hyperlipemia in CRVO group were significantly higher than that in the control group (Plt;0.001,P=0.001). There was no significant difference of cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, open-angle glaucoma, and smoking and drinking between the two groups(Pgt;0.05). In le;45 years old subgroups, there was no significant difference of each examination target between CRVO and control group(Pgt;0.05). In ischemia subgroups, except for the hypertension and hyperlipemia, the incidence of diabetes mellitus was obviously higher in CRVO group than that in the control group (hyperlipidemia:P=0.031; diabetes mellitus:P=0.024; diabetes mellitus: Plt;0.001). Conclusion Hypertension and hyperlipidemia are the systematic factors in Chinese population with occurrence of CRVO. In addition, diabetes mellitus is associated with ischemic CRVO. Timely diagnosis and treatment of the systematic diseases is important to the prevention and treatment for CRVO. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2007, 23:159-162)
ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal ranibizumab and (or) triamcinolone combined with laser photocoagulation for macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) during one year period. MethodsThe data of 31 eyes from 31 consecutive patients with macular edema secondary to BRVO during one year follow-up visit were retrospectively analyzed. Mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) logMAR was (0.74±0.36) and mean central retinal thickness (CRT) was (484.48±164.81)μm at baseline. All patients received standardized clinical comprehensive examinations including vision, intraocular pressure and optical coherence tomography for diagnosis before treatment. All patients received intravitreal injections of 0.5 mg ranibizumab (0.05 ml) at first visit. The continue PRN treatment were based on the visual acuity changes and the optical coherence tomography findings. Eyes received combined triamcinolone acetonide 0.05 ml (40 mg/ml) and ranibizumab for macular edema recurrence after two injections of ranibizumab and received laser photocoagulation during 10-14 days after third injections of ranibizumab. Mean injection of ranibizumab was 3.52±2.01, 15 eyes with triamcinolone acetonide (0.84±1.21), 21 eyes with laser photocoagulation (0.97±0.95) and 12 eyes with three treatment. Compared the visual acuities and CRTs of the first and the last visits by statistical analysis. ResultsMean visual acuity improved significantly to 0.42±0.33 logMAR (t=6.611, P=0.000). Mean improvement of visual acuity was 2.90±3.07 lines. A gain of three or more logarithmic lines was evaluated in 20/31 eyes (64.52%) at the last visit. Mean CRT was (326.19±117.80)μm (t=4.514, P=0.000).Mean reduction of CRT was (333.58±134.17)μm. A decrease of 100μm of CRT was evaluated in 17/31 eyes (54.84%). No severe ocular and systematic side effect was found. ConclusionThe efficacy and safety of intravitreal ranibizumab and (or) triamcinolone combined with laser photocoagulation for macular edema secondary to BRVO were assured.
Purpose To evaluate the significance of axial length in case of branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO). Methods A case-control study of axial length was performed using 34 patients with BRVO and 34 age and sex-matched control patients selected from a list of subjects who had undergone cataract extraction.Axial length measurement were taken with an A-scan ultrasonography. Results The affected and fellow eye in patinets of BRVO group did not differ statistically in axial length (P＞0.20).The mean axial length of affected eyes in BRVO group was （23.16plusmn;0.82）mm, and the mean axial length of control eyes was（23.78plusmn;1.06）mm.The difference in axial length between the eyes with BRVO and the eyes in the control group was not statistically significant(P＞0.10). Conclusion Hyperopia as measured by axial length is not a risk factor to BRVO. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1998,14:12-13)
ObjectiveTo study a deep learning-based dual-modality fundus camera which was used to study retinal blood oxygen saturation and vascular morphology changes in eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). MethodsA prospective study. From May to October 2020, 31 patients (31 eyes) of BRVO (BRVO group) and 20 healthy volunteers (20 eyes) with matched gender and age (control group) were included in the study. Among 31 patients (31 eyes) in BRVO group, 20 patients (20 eyes) received one intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs before, and 11 patients (11 eyes) did not receive any treatment. They were divided into treatment group and untreated group accordingly. Retinal images were collected with a dual-modality fundus camera; arterial and vein segments were segmented in the macular region of interest (MROI) using deep learning; the optical density ratio was used to calculate retinal blood oxygen saturation (SO2) on the affected and non-involved sides of the eyes in the control group and patients in the BRVO group, and calculated the diameter, curvature, fractal dimension and density of arteriovenous in MROI. Quantitative data were compared between groups using one-way analysis of variance. ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference in arterial SO2 (SO2-A) in the MROI between the affected eyes, the fellow eyes in the BRVO group and the control group (F=4.925, P<0.001), but there was no difference in the venous SO2 (SO2-V) (F=0.607, P=0.178). Compared with the control group, the SO2-A in the MROI of the affected side and the non-involved side of the untreated group was increased, and the difference was statistically significant (F=4.925, P=0.012); there was no significant difference in SO2-V (F=0.607, P=0.550). There was no significant difference in SO2-A and SO2-V in the MROI between the affected side, the non-involved side in the treatment group and the control group (F=0.159, 1.701; P=0.854, 0.197). There was no significant difference in SO2-A and SO2-V in MROI between the affected side of the treatment group, the untreated group and the control group (F=2.553, 0.265; P=0.088, 0.546). The ophthalmic artery diameter, arterial curvature, arterial fractal dimension, vein fractal dimension, arterial density, and vein density were compared in the untreated group, the treatment group, and the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (F=3.527, 3.322, 7.251, 26.128, 4.782, 5.612; P=0.047, 0.044, 0.002, <0.001, 0.013, 0.006); there was no significant difference in vein diameter and vein curvature (F=2.132, 1.199; P=0.143, 0.321). ConclusionArterial SO2 in BRVO patients is higher than that in healthy eyes, it decreases after anti-anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs treatment, SO2-V is unchanged.
ObjectiveTo observe the correlation analysis between the deep-superficial flow-density ratio (DSFR) and treatment response of macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).MethodsForty-eight patients（48 eyes）with macular edema secondary to BRVO from December 2018 to December 2019 in the Department of Ophthalmology of Beijing Hospital were enrolled in this study. There were 29 males (29 eyes) and 19 females (19 eyes), with the mean age of 58.77±10.88 years. All eyes were treated with intravitreal injection of ranibizuma once a month for 3 months, and then treated as needed. According to the central retinal thickness (CRT) 12 months after treatment, the patients were divided into good response group (CRT≤250 μm) and refractory group (CRT＞250 μm). The flow density in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) of all subjects was measured by optical coherence tomography angiography. The flow density of DCP and SCP measured at 3 follow-up times was selected and DSFR was calculated. The DSFR was recorded by the Study for the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy (ETDRS) -grid and Nine-grid. The flow density of DCP, SCP and DSFR were compared between the two groups by paired t test. At 3 months post-treatment, the efficacy of DSFR in ME treatment response was evaluated according to area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression were used to analyze the factors affecting the response to ME treatment.ResultsAt 12 months after treatment, there were 27 eyes in good response group and 21 eyes in refractory group. There was no statistical significance in the flow density of DCP (t=1.804, 1.064, 0.660) and SCP (t=0.581, 0.641, 0.167) and DSFR (t=0.393、－0.553、0.474) in all area of response group and refractory group using ETDRS-GRID recording method (P＞0.05). The SCP, DCP and DSFR of the most severe non-perfusion area were (27.10±5.70) %, (28.33±8.95) %, 1.35±0.54 and (27.54±6.70) %, (29.11±0.42) %, 1.01±0.40 in the response group and refractory group, respectively. There was no significant difference in the flow density of DCP and SCP between the two groups (t=－0.237, －0.340; P＞0.05). The difference of DSFR between two groups was statistically significant (t=2.288, P=0.024). Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that DSFR in the most severe non-perfusion area was associated with ME response (odds ratio=0.212, 0.085; P=0.027, 0.024). The AUC was used to evaluate the efficacy of DSFR in ME treatment response, the results showed that the AUC was 0.800, P=0.001, Youden index was 1.348, sensitivity was 67.7%, and specificity was 86.7%.ConclusionsDSFR reduction is more common in BRVO secondary to ME patients. DSFR correlates with ME treatment response.