The prevalence of developmental delay (DD) in children worldwide is still on the rise, and its causes are complex and diverse, causing varying degrees of impact on the development of the sensory nervous system in the brain of children. Sensory integration training is a treatment method that applies sensory stimulation and comprehensive activities. It is currently widely used in children with DD. This therapy can effectively improve the development and integration of the sensory system in children with DD. It also enhances the individual’s ability to adapt to external stimuli, promoting their development in language, motor, and cognitive functions. This article explores the relevant mechanisms of sensory integration training and DD, as well as the current status and effects of its application in DD children, in order to promote the development and progress of related research fields.
Objective To systematically review the rehabilitation effect of isokinetic muscle training on knee muscle strength, functional walking ability and dynamic balance in post-stroke patients. Methods PubMed, Ovid Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chongqing VIP, and Wanfang databases were searched online for randomized controlled trials on isokinetic muscle training of lower limbs in post-stroke patients. The retrieval time was from inception to October, 2022. Endnote X9 software was used to manage the literature. Cochrane Manual 5.1.0 was used for quality assessment, and RevMan 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis. Results A total of 20 randomized controlled trials were included in the study, with the intervention group using isokinetic muscle training of the lower extremities or combined with conventional rehabilitation training and the control group using conventional rehabilitation training and/or other intervention, with a total of 1448 study subjects. Meta-analysis results showed that the differences in knee flexion peak torque [mean difference (MD)=5.85 N·m, 95% confidence interval (CI) (4.84, 6.85) N·m, P<0.00001], knee extension peak torque [MD=9.09 N·m, 95%CI (4.83, 13.36) N·m, P<0.0001], Time Up Go test [MD=–4.70 s, 95%CI (–6.68, –2.72) s, P<0.00001], 10-meter walking test [MD=–4.71 s, 95%CI (–9.12, –0.31) s, P=0.04], Fugl-Meyer Lower Extremity Motor Function Assessment score [MD=6.61, 95%CI (3.52, 9.70), P<0.0001], and Berg Balance Scale score [MD=5.61, 95%CI (0.91, 10.31), P=0.02] were statistically significant. Conclusion Isokinetic training may improve knee strength and functional walking ability in post-stroke patients, but there is still no strong evidence of improvement in motor function and balance.
Robot rehabilitation has been a primary therapy method for the urgent rehabilitation demands of paralyzed patients after a stroke. The parameters in rehabilitation training such as the range of the training, which should be adjustable according to each participant’s functional ability, are the key factors influencing the effectiveness of rehabilitation therapy. Therapists design rehabilitation projects based on the semiquantitative functional assessment scales and their experience. But these therapies based on therapists’ experience cannot be implemented in robot rehabilitation therapy. This paper modeled the global human-robot by Simulink in order to analyze the relationship between the parameters in robot rehabilitation therapy and the patients’ movement functional abilities. We compared the shoulder and elbow angles calculated by simulation with the angles recorded by motion capture system while the healthy subjects completed the simulated action. Results showed there was a remarkable correlation between the simulation data and the experiment data, which verified the validity of the human-robot global Simulink model. Besides, the relationship between the circle radius in the drawing tasks in robot rehabilitation training and the active movement degrees of shoulder as well as elbow was also matched by a linear, which also had a remarkable fitting coefficient. The matched linear can be a quantitative reference for the robot rehabilitation training parameters.
Non-drug treatment of hypertension has become a research hotspot, which might overcome the heavy economic burden and side effects of drug treatment for the patients. Because of the good treatment effect and convenient operation, a new treatment based on slow breathing training is increasingly becoming a kind of physical therapy for hypertension. This paper explains the principle of hypertension treatment based on slow breathing training method, and introduces the overall structure of the portable blood pressure controlling instrument, including breathing detection circuit, the core control module, audio module, memory module and man-machine interaction module. We give a brief introduction to the instrument and the software in this paper. The prototype testing results showed that the treatment had a significant effect on controlling the blood pressure.
In the past two decades, adult cardiac surgery has developed by leaps and bounds in both anesthetic techniques and surgical methods, whereas the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) has not changed. Until now PPCs are still the most common complications after cardiac surgery, resulting in poor prognosis, significantly prolonged hospital stays and increased medical costs. With the promotion of the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), pre-rehabilitation has been becoming a basic therapy to prevent postoperative complications. Among them, preoperative inspiratory muscle training as a very potential intervention method has been widely and deeply studied. However, there is still no consensus about the definition and diagnostic criteria of PPCs around the world; and there is significant heterogeneity in preoperative inspiratory muscle training in the prevention of pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery in adults, which impedes its clinical application. This paper reviewed the definition, mechanism, and evaluation tools of PPCs, as well as the role, implementation plan and challenges of preoperative inspiratory muscle training in the prevention of PPCs in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, to provide reference for clinical application.
ObjectiveTo explore the effect of rehabilitation training focusing on early exercise on the time of first getting out of bed after surgery, pain during early activities, postoperative infection rate and the length of hospital stay for renal transplant recipients.MethodsThe clinical data of patients undergoing allogeneic renal transplantation in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from June to August 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the time of multidisciplinary postoperative management and the time of early rehabilitation intervention, the patients were divided into the conventional group (from June 2020 to the beginning of multidisciplinary postoperative management) and the rehabilitation group (after multidisciplinary postoperative management). The time to get out of bed for the first time after surgery, the Visual Analogue Score (VAS) during weight monitoring on the second day post operation, the number of days required to complete an independent walk of 100 meters, postoperative complications, the incidence of postoperative infection and the length of hospital stay were compared between the two groups.ResultsA total of 79 patients were included. There were 46 cases in the conventional group and 33 cases in the rehabilitation group. Among the included patients, 14 patients had postoperative infection, 1 patients in the conventional group developed thrombosis, no catheter shedding or bleeding after exercise occurred. The differences between the rehabilitation group and the conventional group in the time to get out of bed for the first time after surgery [(1.1±0.2) vs. (2.2±0.4) d; t=13.224, P<0.001], the VAS during weight monitoring on the day post operation (2.5±0.9 vs. 3.4±1.4; t=3.267, P<0.001), the number of days required to complete an independent walk of 100 meters [(2.2±0.4) vs. (4.0±0.8) d; t=11.312, P<0.001], and the incidence of postoperative infection (6.1% vs. 26.1%; χ2=5.285, P=0.022) were statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the length of stay between the rehabilitation group and the conventional group [(19.8±5.8) vs. (20.7±7.4) d; t=0.584, P=0.561].ConclusionEarly postoperative rehabilitation training reduces the time required for renal transplant recipients to get out of bed for the first time post operation and to walk 100 meters independently, reduce the pain response during early activities, and reduce the incidence of postoperative infection.
目的:研究呼吸操改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者肺功能的机制。方法:对本院46例COPD 患者随机分成对照组和治疗组,按常规内科治疗并对其有计划地进行健康知识教育。治疗组在常规内科治疗加康复指导基础上,增加呼吸操训练。测定治疗前后6分钟步行距离、血清白三烯、呼出气中一氧化氮浓度(fractional exhaled nitric oxide, FENO)。结果:治疗组较对照组6分钟步行能力改善,血清白三烯水平下降(Plt;0.05)、呼气NO含量下降(Plt;0.05)。结论:加强COPD患者的健康指导及呼吸操训练可改善患者肺功能状况,明显提高生活质量