中药临床试验是中医药研究中发展较快的一个领域，临床研究协调员（CRC）在中药临床试验中有重要作用，其工作范围涉及到中药临床试验的各个方面。由于中药临床试验有着不同于西药临床试验的特点，CRC在中药临床试验中的作用也有其特殊性，对提高临床试验的安全性、科学性及试验数据的可信度方面起重要作用。
In 1984, according to the criteria of the classifieation for congenital hand deformity which wasput out by the International Hand Surgery Committee, we had made an investigation for congenitalhand deformity among 318066 newborns in Shanghai. It was found that the inctdence of a congenitalhand malformation was 0. 0808 percent among the total newborns. The congenital malformation ofthe thumb was 37. 74 percent of all deformities of the hand. According to the statistical analysis, we ...
ObjectiveTo explore the effectiveness of self-made adjustable tractor for correction of inverted ni pple. MethodsBetween March 2005 and March 2011, 37 female patients with inverted ni pples (69 ni pples) underwent continuous traction with self-made adjustable tractor for 2 to 4 months. The age ranged from 18 to 46 years (mean, 23 years). Of 37 cases, 5 had unilateral inverted ni pple, and 32 had bilateral inverted ni pples, including 8 cases (15 ni pples) of mild inversion, 16 cases (30 ni pples) of moderate inversion, and 13 cases (24 ni pples) of severe inversion. The 2 cases (4 ni pples) recurred after traditional surgical method, and 1 case (2 ni pples) had infection because of severe inversion before traction. ResultsNo infection or hemodynamic disorder occurred during traction. All cases were followed up 6-12 months (mean, 8.2 months). Wound healed after traction in 1 patient (2 ni pples) with infection because of severe inversion; 2 recurrent cases (2 ni pples) were cured after re-traction; wire dislocation occurred in 1 case (1 ni pple), and was cured after changing traction position. The shape, sensation, and erectile function were normal after treatment with no scar. ConclusionContinuous traction with selfmade adjustable tractor is a good method for all the types of inverted ni pple. It is a simple, safe, effective, and minimally invasive method without scar.
Mitochondrial quality control includes mechanisms such as mitochondria-derived vesicles, fusion / fission and autophagy. These processes rely on the collaboration of a variety of key proteins in the inner and outer membranes of mitochondria to jointly regulate the morphological structure and functional integrity of mitochondria, repair mitochondrial damage, and maintain the homeostasis of their internal environment. The imbalance of mitochondrial quality control is associated with leukemia. Therefore, by exploring the mechanisms related to mitochondrial quality control of various leukemia cells and their interactions with immune cells and immune microenvironment, this article sought possible targets in the treatment of leukemia, providing new ideas for the immunotherapy of leukemia.
Objective To investigate the effect of the 8-bromum-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (8-Br-cAMP) on the telomerase activity and changes of cell cycle in retinoblastoma （RB） cells. Methods The cultured RB cells were divided into the experimental group (8-Br-cAMP) and control group. After cultured for 24, 48 and 72 hours in vitro, the telomerase activity of RB cells was detected by polymerase chain reaction enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PCR-ELISA) and the changes of cell cycle were detected by flow-cytometry. Results The difference of telomerase activity was significant between the experimental groups and control group (Plt;0.01). There was a negative correlation between the A value of absorbance and the time in the experimental groups (r=-0.778 9, F=33.936, Plt;0.01). The changes of the cell cycle were that the percentages increased in G1 phase and decreased in S phases. Conclusion 8-Br-cAMP may weaken telomerase activity, affect the cell cycle, and inhibit the proliferation of RB cells. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：358-360)
Objective To know the abnormal expression of the cell cycle-regulated proteins in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and their effect on tumor cell growth. Methods The expression of p16, p21, Rb and p53 protein in 47 cases were investigated by immunohistochemistry with wet autoclave pretreatment for antigen retriaval. Furthermore, tumor growth index were assessed by a novel anti-ki-67 antibody (ki-s5). Results All the expression of p53, p16, p21 and Rb protein were the nuclear stainning. The positive rates of p53, p16, p21 and Rb protein were 55%, 53%, 74% and 98% respectively. There was negative correlation between of p16, p21 or Rb protein expression and ki-67 growth index. No relation of p53 protein stainning and the expression of p21 protein was found. Conclusion In pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the negative expression of p16 protein and p21 protein may play an important role in tumor cell growth, but tumor proliferation caused by abnormality of Rb protein is rare. The expression of p21 protein was not associated with the expression of p53 protein.
OBJECTIVE: To construct eukaryotic expression plasmid of mouse myogenic regulatory factor MyoD gene for further study on MyoD gene function in molecular regulatory mechanism in skeletal muscle repair. METHODS: The plasmids PEMMBC2 beta 5 containing full cDNA length of MyoD inserted in EcoRI restriction site, were first propagated in Escherichia coli DH5a, then extracted and purified with the Wizard Plus Minipreps DNA Purification System (Promega, USA). The coding sequence of MyoD in PEMMBC2 beta 5 was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis and DNA sequence analysis. After plasmids PEMMBC2 beta 5 and plasmids pcDNA3-neo were prepared by digestion with EcoRI, the MyoD cDNA fragment was inserted into EcoRI site in pcDNA3-neo eukaryotic expression vector, and pcDNA3/MyoD was formed. The pcDNA3/MyoD, digested with restriction enzymes, was found to contain the MyoD cDNA sequence by agarose gel electrophoresis analysis. RESULTS: The extracted and purified PEMMBC2 beta 5 contained the correct nucleotide sequence for the full length of MyoD cDNA fragment. The MyoD cDNA fragment had been inserted into the eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3-neo, which formed the pcDNA3/MyoD. CONCLUSION: The pcDNA3/MyoD, a eukaryotic expression plasmid, for MyoD is constructed successfully.
Objective To investigate the effect of stretch on long non-coding RNA taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1)-mediated miR-545-3p/cannbinoida receptor 2 (CNR2) pathway regulating bone regeneration in the distraction area of rats during distraction osteogenesis. MethodsThirty-six 10-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=12 in each group): group A (femoral fracture+injection of interfering RNA), group B (distraction osteogenesis+injection of interfering RNA), and group C (distraction osteogenesis+injection of TUG1). Groups A and B were injected with 60 μg of interfering RNA at the beginning of incubation period (immediate after operation), the beginning of distraction phase (7 days after operation), and the end of distraction phase (21 days after operation), and group C was injected with 60 μg of synthetic TUG1 in vivo interfering sequence at the same time. The general situation of rats in each group was observed during the experiment. The mineralization of fracture space or distraction area was observed by X-ray films at 21, 35, and 49 days after operation. At 49 days after operation, the samples of the distraction area were taken for HE staining to observe the mineralization, and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expressions of osteoblast-related genes such as TUG1, miR-545-3p, CNR2, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OPN). Blood samples were collected from the abdominal aorta of the rats, and the expressions of ALP and C terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ (CTX-Ⅰ) protein were detected by ELISA assay.Results The results of X-ray film and HE staining observations showed that osteogenesis in group C was superior to groups A and B at the same time point. The results of qRT-PCR showed that the relative mRNA expressions of TUG1, CNR2, ALP, OCN, and OPN in group C were significantly higher than those in group A and group B, and the relative mRNA expression of miR-545-3p in group C was significantly lower than that in group A and group B (P<0.05). The relative mRNA expressions of TUG1 and ALP in group B were significantly higher than those in group A, and the relative mRNA expression of miR-545-3p in group B was significantly lower than that in group A (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the relative mRNA expressions of CNR2, OCN, and OPN between group A and group B (P>0.05). The results of ELISA showed that the expressions of ALP and CTX-Ⅰ protein were significantly higher in group C than in group A and group B, and in group B than in group A (P<0.05). ConclusionUnder the action of stretch, the expression of TUG1 in the femoral distraction area of rats increases, which promotes the expression of CNR2 by inhibiting the expression of miR-545-3P, which is helpful to the mineralization of the extension area and osteogenesis.
目的:了解我院围手术期预防性应用抗菌药物情况,评价应用的合理性。方法:经对我院符合围手术期预防性应用抗菌药物要求的切口愈合良好的234例病历的适应症、用药种类、联合用药、给药方法及给药持续时间进行统计分析。结果:234例病历所涉及围手术期预防用药共计271例次,给药时机及给药持续时间合理225例次(8303％),不合理46例(16.97％)。围手术期抗菌药物使用一代头孢101例(37.27%),广谱青霉素类49例(1808%)、β-内酰胺酶抑制剂40例(14.76%)。其中单用、二联和三联用药分别为206例(88%)、25例(11％)和3例(128%),平均疗程为2.3天。结论:我院抗菌药物使用仍存在不足之处,加强抗菌药物的使用管理,规范围手术期抗菌药物的使用,需通过临床医师、药师及其他医务人员共同参与,提高我院抗菌药物合理使用水平。
医院药品调剂工作是医院药学的重要组成部分,调剂工作质量的好坏直接关系到医疗质量,因此调剂工作的规范化管理也越来越重要。影响调剂质量的因素较多,笔者结合我院工作实际,对药品调剂规范化管理问题进行探讨。