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"颅脑损伤" 42 results
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目的:分析重型颅脑损伤患者早期进入ICU进行监护和治疗对预后的影响。方法: 将重型颅脑损伤患者根据是否直接进入ICU分为研究组和对照组,评价3月后患者神经功能和死亡率。结果: 与对照组比较,研究组死亡率更低,3月后ADL分级法生存质量良好率也显著更高。结论: 重型颅脑损伤患者早期进入ICU监护和治疗,可降低术后病死率,改善生存质量。
Release date：2016-09-08 10:02
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目的 探讨老年重度颅脑损伤患者急性期呼吸道临床护理方法及要点，以提高护理水平。 方法 对2009年11月－2010年7月收治的28例老年重度颅脑损伤急性期患者在治疗基础上，重点对其呼吸道进行特别护理，采用及时畅通呼吸道、加强早期气道湿化、应用多种排痰方法、人工气道护理及呼吸机的早期使用等措施，为患者生命的救治发挥了重要作用。 结果 6例（21.4%）恢复良好，2例（7.1%）伴功能障碍，1例（3.6%）呈植物生存状态，6例（21.4%）自动放弃，13例（46.4%）死亡。 结论 老年重度颅脑损伤急性期患者病情危重，加强呼吸道护理，能改善呼吸功能，降低肺部感染发生，防止继发性脑损害。
Release date：2016-09-08 09:18
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【摘要】目的 总结急性颅脑损伤患者的外科手术治疗效果。方法 2005年1月-2009年5月,急诊外科行手术治疗158例急性颅脑损伤患者。其中男89例,女69例;年龄5～84岁,平均40岁。受伤至入院时间为1～14 h,平均6 h。CT诊断后行开颅血肿清除手术61例,开颅血肿消除及去骨瓣减压73例,钻孔引流术8例,气管切开14例,胸腔闭式引流术2例。结果 158例共存活137例(86.7%),死亡21例(13.3%)。存活患者中植物生存2例,重度残疾18例,轻度残疾57例,恢复良好60例。死亡患者gt;65岁有15例；死亡时间1周内12例,1～3周内5例,3周以上4例。结论 应深入了解急性颅脑损伤的特点,采取正确的手术治疗方式,积极防治并发症,降低患者死亡率,改善预后。
Release date：2016-09-08 09:31
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目的:探讨颅脑损伤患者术中急性脑膨出的病因、诊断及治疗。方法:对127例术中发生急性脑膨出的颅脑损伤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:急性脑膨出的原因为同侧脑肿胀者74例,为对侧迟发性血肿者51例,而为同侧迟发性血肿者2例。共死亡48例(37.8%),其中31例因脑疝死亡。结论:通过钻孔探查或积极的CT扫描,及时发现颅脑损伤患者术中急性脑膨出的原因,并尽早正确处理极其重要,是抢救此类患者成功的关键。
Release date：2016-09-08 09:56
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ObjectiveTo explore a method of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology for preparation of personalized rat brain tissue cavity scaffolds so as to lay the foundation for the repair of traumatic brain injury (TBI) with tissue engineered customized cavity scaffolds.
MethodsFive male Sprague Dawley rats[weighing (300±10) g] were induced to TBI models by electric controlled cortical impactor. Mimics software was used to reconstruct the surface profile of the damaged cavity based on the MRI data, computer aided design to construct the internal structure. Then collagen-chitosan composite was prepared for 3D bioprinter of bionic brain cavity scaffold.
ResultsMRI scans showed the changes of brain tissue injury in the injured side, and the position of the cavity was limited to the right side of the rat brain cortex. The 3D model of personalized cavity containing the internal structure was successfully constructed, and cavity scaffolds were prepared by 3D printing technology. The external contour of cavity scaffolds was similar to that of the injured zone in the rat TBI; the inner positive crossing structure arranged in order, and the pore connectivity was good.
ConclusionCombined with 3D reconstruction based on MRI data, the appearance of cavity scaffolds by 3D printing technology is similar to that of injured cavity of rat brain tissue, and internal positive cross structure can simulate the topological structure of the extracellular matrix, and printing materials are collagen-chitosan complexes having good biocompatibility, so it will provide a new method for customized cavity scaffolds to repair brain tissue cavity after TBI.
Release date：2016-11-14 11:23
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目的:总结分析1387例重型颅脑损伤的救治情况，以利在今后的工作中进一步改善和提高对重型颅脑损伤的救治水平。方法:回顾性分析1983年1月～2008年1月间1387例重型颅脑损伤患者的救治情况。结果:1387例重型颅脑损伤患者，其中手术治疗857例，非手术治疗530例。按GOS评分，出院时恢复良好475例（34.2%），中残206例（14.8%），重残202例（14.5%），植物生存89例（6.4%），死亡415例（29.9%）。结论:重型颅脑损伤仍然具有较高的病死率和致残率，早期及时手术清除颅内血肿，解除脑疝以及采取积极恰当的综合治疗措施是抢救治疗成功的关键。
Release date：2016-08-26 03:57
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目的 探讨颅脑损伤发生脑梗死的原因、预防及治疗措施。 方法 分析1999年-2009年间收治的110例重型颅脑外伤病例，分析颅脑损伤后脑梗死的相关因素。 结果 重型颅脑损伤后并发脑梗死与GCS评分、年龄、有无蛛网膜下腔出血、手术方法、脑疝及时间长短、损伤部位、是否大骨瓣减压等有关(Plt;0.05)，与患者性别无关。 结论 临床救治重型颅脑损伤时应采取合适的手术方法，并予以相关措施预防脑梗死。
Release date：2016-09-08 09:47
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Objective To observe whether the animal model of optic nerve injury in rats can be set up by fluid percussion brain injury device (FPI) or not.Methods Seventyone healthy female Wister rats were randomly divided into 2 groups, inlcuding model group with 66 rats and control group with 5 rats.The rats in model group were randomly divided into 3 groups. Eight rats in group 1 were examined by flashvisual evoked potential (F-VEP) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examines before and 1, 3 days,1,2,4,6,and 8 weeks after injury; 56 rats in group 2 were randomly divided into 7 subgroups with 8 rats in each subgroup，and were detected by histopathological and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) apoptosis examines 1, 3 days, 1,2,4,6,8 weeks after injury；2 rats in group 3 were examined by electron microscopy 4 and 8 weeks after injury.According to the degree of injury, the injured eyes were divided into 2 groups including severe injury group with the beat pressure of （699.14plusmn;60.79） kPa and mild injury group with the beat pressure of （243.18plusmn;20.26） kPa.The right and left eyes in rats in each group were in severe and mild injury group, respectively.Results One day after injury, the latency duration of FVEP prolonged in severe injury group，wich differed much form which in the normal control group (P＜0.05)；the amplitude was gradually reduced during the first 2 weeks after injury and kept steady after that (P＞0.05). The latency duration prolonged in mild injury group,and its difference with the normal control group was statistically significant (P＜0.05)；the amplitude was gradually reduced during the first 4 weeks after injury and kept steady after that (P＞0.05). The abnormal high signal could be seen on optic nerve 1 day after injury, and was still obvious 8 weeks later. The results of histopathological examination showed ruptured capillary in ganglion cell layer 1 day after injury;retinal ganglion cells without nucleus could be seen 4 weeks after injury. The apoptosis of positive cells was found in each layer of the retina 3 days after injury.TUNEL results indicated that the number of apoptotic positive cells increased significantly 1-2 weeks after injury.Conclusion An animal model of optic nerve injury can be successfully set up using FPI in rats.
Release date：2016-09-02 05:42
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摘要:目的:探讨重型颅脑损伤后早期精神障碍临床特征及治疗方法,以提高患者的生活质量。方法:对我院48例重型颅脑损伤后早期精神障碍患者进行回顾性分析,观察精神障碍出现的时间、精神障碍的类型及预后及颅脑损伤的部位与精神障碍的关系。结果:重型颅脑损伤后精神障碍主要出现在伤后3周内,多继发于颞叶损伤,其次为额叶。临床上主要有躁狂型、抑郁型、痴呆型、精神分裂性等四型,其中以躁狂型为多见。通过治疗后,lt;1个月精神症状痊愈25例、lt;2个月痊愈13例、治疗gt;2个月仍有精神症状10例。结论:颅脑损伤后精神障碍在原发脑损伤的有效治疗前提下,辅以抗精神障碍药物治疗、心理治疗及高压氧治疗等可取得较好疗效。
Release date：2016-09-08 10:12
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【摘要】 目的 总结地震致颅脑伤患者凝血功能及疾病严重程度判别的临床意义。 方法 2008年5月12-30日，对收治的地震致颅脑伤患者按GCS评分分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组，Ⅰ组：13～15分10例；Ⅱ组：9～12分21例；Ⅲ组：3～8分9例；另择单纯软组织挫伤患者9例为对照组，分别检测凝血酶原时间（PT）、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、凝血酶时间（TT）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）及血小板的指标。 结果 颅脑伤组PT、APTT、TT、FIB、血小板与对照组比较差异有统计学意义；其凝血功能异常变化与疾病严重程度相关。 结论 检测PT、APTT、TT、FIB及血小板变化可以了解颅脑地震伤者的凝血功能及判断疾病的严重程度，有助于颅脑地震伤患者的诊断和治疗。
Release date：2016-08-26 02:21
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