ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship between occupational type of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and decision-making and curative effect of neoadjuvant therapy in the current version of the Database from Colorectal Cancer (DACCA). MethodsThe eligible CRC patients were collected from June 29, 2022 updated DACCA according to the screening criteria, in which the data items analyzed included: gender, age, BMI, blood type, marriage, occupation, neoadjuvant therapy, symptomatic changes, imaging changes, and tumor regression grade (TRG), and the occupations were classified into the mental labour group, physical labour group, and the unemployed and resident groups according to the type of labour, then compared the decision-making and curative effect of neoadjuvant therapy among the 3 groups. ResultsA total of 2 415 eligible data were screened, of which 1 160 (48.0%) were the most in the manual labour group, followed by 877 (36.3%) in the unemployed and resident group, and finally 378 (15.7%) in the mental labour group. The proportion of those who did not use targeted drugs was higher in both patients ≤60 years old and >60 years old [75.6% (958/1 267) vs. 82.5% (947/1 148)], with both differences being statistically significant (P=0.004 and P=0.019), and among patients >60 years old, the different occupational types were associated with symptomatic changes and imaging changes after neoadjuvant therapy, with the highest number of both changes to partial remission [71.5% (161/225) vs. 66.7% (148/222)], both differences being statistically significant (P=0.001 and P=0.017). ConclusionThe analysis results of DACCA data reveal that the occupational type of CRC patients was associated with the choice of neoadjuvant therapy, and that different occupational types were associated with changes in curative effect before and after neoadjuvant therapy in CRC patients >60 years old, which needs to be further analysis for the reasons.
Objective To analyze the relation between the marital status of patients with colorectal cancer and neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) regimen decision-making and outcomes in the current version of the Database from Colorectal Cancer (DACCA). Methods The version of DACCA selected for this analysis was updated on June 29, 2022. The patients were enrolled according to the established screening criteria and then assigned to 5 groups: the unmarried, married, divorced, remarried and widowed groups. The differences in the NAT regimen decision-making and changes of symptom, imaging, and cancer markers in these 5 groups were analyzed. Results A total of 3 053 data that met the screened criteria were enrolled. The results of statistical analysis reflected that the difference in the constituent ratio of patients chosen NAT strategies among 5 groups was obviously statistically significant (χ2=27.944, P=0.004), showing that remarried patients were inclined to adopt combined target drug. No statistical differences were found in changes of symptom (H=5.717, P=0.221), image (H=8.551, P=0.073), and cancer markers (H=11.351, P=0.183) of the 5 groups after NAT. Conclusion Through analysis of DACCA data, it is found that in the selection of NAT strategy for colorectal cancer, more married and remarried patients tended to choose chemotherapy combined target drug regimen.
ObjectiveTo analyze the relation between the place of residence of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and patient compliance or regimen decision-making or outcomes for neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in the current version of the Database from Colorectal Cancer (DACCA). MethodsThe version of DACCA selected for this analysis was updated on June 29, 2022. The patients were enrolled according to the established screening criteria and then assigned into inside and outside of Sichuan Province groups as well as inside and outside of Chengdu City groups. The differences in the patient compliance or regimen decision-making or outcomes (changes of symptom and imaging, and cancer marker carcinoembryonic antigen) for NAT were analyzed. ResultsA total of 3 574 data that met the screened criteria were enrolled, 3 142 (87.91%) and 432 (12.09%) were inside of Sichuan Province group and outside of Sichuan Province group, respectively; 1 340 (42.65%) and 1 802 (57.35%) were inside of Chengdu City group and outside of Chengdu City group in Sichuan Province, respectively. ① The constituent ratios of the patient compliance for NAT had no statistical differences between the inside and outside of Sichuan Province groups (χ2=0.299, P=0.585) as well as between the inside and outside of Chengdu City groups (χ2=3.109, P=0.078). ② In terms of the impact of the place of residence on the decision-making of NAT: For the patients with targeted therapy or not, there was a statistical difference between the inside and outside of Sichuan Province groups (χ2=5.047, P=0.025), but which had no statistical difference between the inside and outside of Chengdu City groups (χ2=0.091, P=0.762); For the patients with radiotherapy or not, there were no statistical differences in the constituent ratios of patients between the inside and outside of Sichuan Province groups as well as between the inside and outside of Chengdu City groups (χ2=2.215, P=0.137; χ2=2.964, P=0.085); For the neoadjuvant intensity, there was a statistical difference between the inside and outside of Sichuan Province groups (χ2=12.472, P=0.002), but which had no statistical difference between the inside and outside of Chengdu City groups (χ2=2.488, P=0.288). ③ The outcomes for NAT: The changes of carcinoembryonic antigen had no statistical differences between the inside and outside of Sichuan Province groups as well as between the inside and outside of Chengdu City groups (H=1.762, P=0.184; H=3.531, P=0.060); In the symptom changes, there was a statistical difference between the inside and outside of Sichuan Province groups (χ2=3.896, P=0.048), which had no statistical difference between the inside and outside of Chengdu City groups (χ2=0.016, P=0.900); In the image changes, the difference was statistically significant between the inside and outside of Chengdu City groups (χ2=7.975, P=0.005), but which had no statistical difference between the inside and outside of Sichuan Province groups (χ2=0.063, P=0.802). ConclusionsThrough data analysis in DACCA in this study, it is found that there are no statistical differences in compliance and carcinoembryonic antigen changes. However, decision-making of NAT for patients of inside and outside of Sichuan Province has different choices on whether to assist targeted therapy and chemotherapy intensity for NAT; Symptom changes of NAT in patients of inside of Sichuan Province has a better effect than in patients of outside of Sichuan Province; Imaging change of NAT in patients of inside of Chengdu City has a better effect than in patients of outside of Chengdu City.
The data collection form is a bridge in-between the original studies and the final systematic reviews. It’s the basis for data analyses, directly related to the results and conclusions of systematic reviews, and plays an important role in systematic reviews. There are strict requirements of data collection forms in making Cochrane systematic reviews. In this article, the authors introduce their experiences regarding to the design of data collection form.
Sample size, mean and standard deviation are necessary when conducting meta-analysis for continuous outcomes. Advanced methods of data extraction were needed if the mean and the standard deviation couldn’t be obtained from a literature directly. Eight methods were introduced and two examples were given to illustrate how to apply the methods.
ObjectiveTo study the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the population aged 50 and over in Qidong County of Jangsu Province. Methods3644 individuals from 4 villages were randomly selected by clustering sampling method, according to the household registration information and door to door visits. Visual acuity was measured by modified Bailey-Lovie E logMAR chart. The examination of eyelids, cornea, lens and fundus were also carried out. The diagnosis of AMD was made according to the clinical hierarchy system by Age-Related Eye Diseases Study. χ2 test was used to analyze the prevalence of AMD and its related factors. ResultsAmong 3644 selected individuals, 2985 individuals received examination with a participating rate of 81.92%. In total 97 patients (136 eyes) had AMD with a prevalence rate of 3.25%. Among them, 71 patients (105 eyes) had early stage of AMD (2.38%); 26 patients (31 eyes) had late stage of AMD (0.87%). In these late stage patients, there were 9 patients (13 eyes) of exudative lesions (0.30%). There were 32 male (3.11%) and 65 female (3.32%) patients. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female prevalence (χ2=0.29, P > 0.05). Correlation analysis results showed that the long-term smoking (χ2=15.19) and heart cerebrovascular disease (χ2=81.50) was associated with AMD (P < 0.05). ConclusionsThe prevalence rate of AMD is 3.25% in the residents aged 50 and above in the rural area of Qidong County, Jangsu Province. Long-term smoking, high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease are the risk factors of AMD.
ObjectivesTo establish an appropriate data governance mode in according with the database status of clinical study.MethodsForty-six doctors of different seniority with clinical research experience from six hospitals in Beijing were selected by stratified purposeful sampling and semi-structured interview and were used to understand the status and shortcomings of data acquisition and storage in clinical research. The data resource of current clinical studies were summarized and the main target of data governance and the characteristics of clinical study data were explored to establish the domains of clinical study data governance to construct the framework of clinical research data governance.ResultsCurrently, the data sources of clinical studies were diverse, including real-world data from various medical and health records, data collected independently for clinical studies and numerous other sources. However, since collecting the data from electronic medical records was difficult for numerous reasons, a large number of researchers still collected research data by hand writing and stored it insecurely. In addition, the combination of electronic information from multiple sources was difficult. Building ALCOA+CCEA standard clinical research data management system based on clinical research data governance was urgent. Data governance includes data architecture, data model, data standards, data quality, master data, timeliness management, metadata and data security, while life cycle management and data insight were not essential parts.ConclusionsBased on the real-world data resources, domains of data governance in clinical study should include data architecture, data model, data standards, data quality, master data, timeliness management, metadata and data security.
ObjectiveTo analyze the distribution, prognostic differences, and characteristics of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) from 2007 to 2022 based on the current version of the Database from Colorectal Cancer (DACCA), so as to provide a basis for clinical decision-making. MethodsThe eligible CRC patients based on the established screening criteria from the updated DACCA were collected. The distribution and survival status of CRC patients in different residence places were analyzed. The residence places included 21 cities (prefectures) within Sichuan Province. ResultsA total of 5 416 cases that met the screening criteria from 2007 to 2022 were collected. Among these, CRC patients were predominantly concentrated in Chengdu (44.77%), Meishan (5.78%), and Nanchong (4.56%) cities. A heatmap depicting the superimposed trend of CRC patients origins revealed the distribution of patients was basically divided into eastern and western regions along the axis of “Mianyang–Chengdu–Yaan cities”. The majority of patients (5 359 cases, 98.95%) was distributed in the eastern region, while a few in the western region (57 cases, 1.05%). The patients in the eastern region were more high clustered (especially Chengdu city), while those in the western region was sporadically dispersed, and the patients in the western region increased slowly without aggregation. The 1, 3, and 5-year cumulative overall survival rates of the CRC patients in the DACCA were 96.2%, 89.7%, and 85.1%, respectively. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model showed that the male, age ≥35-year old, adenocarcinoma (mucinous adenocarcinoma as a reference), poorly differentiated degree, pTNM stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ, obstruction, and perforation were the risk factors for median overall survival shortening in the CRC patients (all P<0.05). The survival curve of patients with CRC drawn by Kaplan-Meier method showed that the overall survival of CRC patients in different cities (prefectures) had no statistical differences as compared with the integral CRC patients (P>0.05), except for Neijiang city (was worse than that of the integral CRC patients, P<0.05). ConclusionsBased on data analysis for the DACCA from 2007 to 2022, the majority of CRC patients clusters in the eastern region. Chengdu city exhibits a high clustering, while the western region shows a sporadic distribution without aggregation phenomena. It is found that the cumulative overall survival of CRC patients in Neijiang city is worse than that of the integral CRC patients, while which in the other cities (prefectures) was relatively close to that of the integral CRC patients in Sichuan Province.
ObjectiveTo provide method references for data visualization of multiple linear regression analysis.MethodsAfter importing data to R Studio, this paper conducted general descriptive statistics analysis, then constructed a linear model between independent variables and the target. After checking independence of observations, the normality of the target, and the linearity between variables, this paper estimated coefficients of independent variables, dealt with multicollinearity, tested significance of estimates and performed residual analysis to guarantee that the regression met its assumptions, and eventually used the fitted model for prediction.ResultsThe multiple linear regression analysis implemented by R Studio software had better visualization functions and easier operation than traditional R language software.ConclusionsR Studio software has good application value in realizing multiple linear regression analysis data visualization.
In the field of artificial intelligence (AI) medical imaging, data annotation is a key factor in all AI development. In the traditional manual annotation process, there are prominent problems such as difficult data acquisition, high manual labor intensity, strong professionalism and low labeling quality. Therefore, an intelligent multimodal medical image annotation system is urgently needed to meet the requirements of labeling. Based on the image cloud, West China Hospital of Sichuan University collected the multimodal image data of hospital and allied hospitals, and designed a multi-modal image annotation system through information technology, which integrated various image processing algorithms and AI models to simplify the image data annotation. With the construction of annotation system, the efficiency of data labeling in the hospitals is improved, which provides necessary data support for the AI image research and related industry construction in the hospital, so as to promote the implementation of artificial intelligence industry related to medical images in the hospital.