ObjectiveTo investigate the changes of lung function after exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) for 60 days and the expression of miR-146 in mice.MethodsThirty SPF BALB/c mice were treated with noninvasive tracheal instillation of fine particulate matter suspension at different doses (2.5 mg/kg, 5.0 mg/kg, 10.0 mg/kg) for 2 months (two times one week), the blank group and normal saline group were set as control groups. The mice were examined and killed on the next day after the last instillation. Histopathological changes of the lungs, pro-infammatory factors levels in the lung tissues, pulmonary functions and the relative expression of miR-146a and miR-146b in the lung tissues were detected.ResultsPeak inspiratory flow (PIF) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were decreased significantly after PM2.5 exposure, however, lung resistance increased and maximal voluntary ventilation reduced from the general tendency without significant difference. Hematoxylin-eosin stain showed lymphocyte infiltration and macrophage infiltration by phagocytic particles, alveolar spacer widening, inflammatory response increased with the increase of PM2.5 exposure dosage. Pro-infammatory factors as interleukin-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α in the lung homogenate were increased significantly by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The relative expressions of miR-146a and miR-146b were up-regulated remarkablely in treatment groups compared to the control group by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, which had negative relationships with PIF and PEF.ConclusionsThe lung function of mice decreases significantly after exposure to fine particulate matter, and the expression of miR-146 is up-regulated.
Considering the low accuracy of prediction in the positive samples and poor overall classification effects caused by unbalanced sample data of MicroRNA (miRNA) target, we proposes a support vector machine (SVM)-integration of under-sampling and weight (IUSM) algorithm in this paper, an under-sampling based on the ensemble learning algorithm. The algorithm adopts SVM as learning algorithm and AdaBoost as integration framework, and embeds clustering-based under-sampling into the iterative process, aiming at reducing the degree of unbalanced distribution of positive and negative samples. Meanwhile, in the process of adaptive weight adjustment of the samples, the SVM-IUSM algorithm eliminates the abnormal ones in negative samples with robust sample weights smoothing mechanism so as to avoid over-learning. Finally, the prediction of miRNA target integrated classifier is achieved with the combination of multiple weak classifiers through the voting mechanism. The experiment revealed that the SVM-IUSW, compared with other algorithms on unbalanced dataset collection, could not only improve the accuracy of positive targets and the overall effect of classification, but also enhance the generalization ability of miRNA target classifier.
Objective To review the regulation of microRNA-17-92 cluster on bone development, remodeling, and metabolism. Methods The related literature was reviewed. The clinical genetic phenotype, animal experiment, and cell research were illustrated so as to explore the possible regulatory mechanisms. Results MicroRNA-17-92 cluster is involved in physiological normal organs development, pathological neoplasm occurrence, and development. Recently, studies have shown that microRNA-17-92 cluster constitutes an intricate molecular signaling network with its upstream transcription factors and downstream targeting proteins, which controls bone development, remodeling, and metabolism exquisitely. Conclusion Present fundamental researches have certain understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of microRNA-17-92 cluster on bone development, remodeling, and metabolism. However, the exact mechanisms under these processes remain unknown.
Vascular endothelial cell(VEC) is a kind of simple squamous epithelium lined on the inner surface of blood vessels. VEC is an important barrier between the blood and tissue and it also plays a key role in regulating inflammation, thrombosis, endothelial cells mediated vasodilatation and endothelial regeneration. These processes should be controlled by a variety of complex mechanism which requires us to find out. With results of the researches in vascular endothelial cell function, the important roles that microRNA in vascular endothelial cell function draws more and more researchers' attention. MicroRNAs control gene expression in post-transcriptional level and affect the function of endothelial cells. This review focuses on the research progress on regulatory mechanism of microRNA to endothelial cell inflammation, thrombosis, vasodilation and endothelium regeneration.
ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the clinical value of miRNA-1 in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wangfang, VIP, etc databases to identify literature about miRNA-1 in the diagnosis of AMI. Quality of the included literature was assessed by (quality assessment for diagnostic accuracy studies-2, QUADAS-2). The indices of pooled sensitivity (Sen), specificity (Spe), positivity likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnosis odds ratio (DOR), and the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve were pooled using MetaDisc 1.4 software.ResultsA total of 12 articles were included. According to the different populations of miRNA-1 to be tested, subgroup analysis of healthy people (7 articles) and non-AMI disease groups (5 articles) was conducted. The results showed that AMI compared with healthy people, the pooled Sen was 0.78 with 95%CI 0.73 to 0.82, Spe was 0.88 with 95%CI 0.83 to 0.91 of miRNA-1 in the diagnosis of AMI. AUC of SROC curve was 0.911 2. Comparison of AMI and non-AMI patients, the pooled Sen was 0.59 with 95%CI 0.54 to 0.64, Spe was 0.74 with 95%CI 0.68 to 0.79 of miRNA-1 in the diagnosis of AMI. AUC of SROC curve was 0.743 2.ConclusionMiRNA-1 has a certain value in the diagnosis of AMI. It has an advantage in identifying AMI and patients with other systemic diseases, and can be combined with other biomarkers to diagnose AMI.
ObjectiveTo investigate the impact and mechanism of over-expression microRNA-92a (miR-92a) in clinicopathologic feature and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). MethodsThe expression levels of miR-92a and phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) gene in 108 cases of colorectal cancer tissues were detected by using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-PCR), and they were categorized as low or high in relation to the median value. Then the association between different levels of miR-92a gene expression and clinicopathologic feature and prognosis of CRC patients were evaluated. Moreover, the relationship between the expressions of miR-92a and PTEN gene were analyzed. ResultsHigh expression of miR-92a not only associated with lymph node metastasis (χ2=8.045, P=0.007), distant metastasis (χ2=5.708, P=0.030), and TNM staging (χ2=6.366, P=0.019) of CRC patients, but also related to the down-regulated of PTEN gene expression (χ2=21.333, P < 0.001). However, up-regulated miR-92a expression was negatively correlated with age, gender, tumor size, tumor location, depth of invasion and tumor differentiation. In addition, Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that over-expression of miR-92a and low-expression of PTEN gene could potentially predict poor overall survival of CRC patients. ConclusionThe high expression of miR-92a can lead to a poor clinical prognosis of CRC patients through decreasing the expression level of PTEN gene.
Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. The outcome and management of lung cancer patients could be improved by early diagnosis and prognosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in signaling pathways regulating a variety of biological processes and play important roles in the development of carcinoma. Moreover, miRNAs can exist in the circulation in a remarkably stable form. All of these suggest miRNAs as new potentially clinical biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer. In this review, we aim to discuss diagnostic and prognostic value and potential clinical utility of miRNAs in serum.
Objective To summarize the relationship between microRNA and the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer， and to investigate the application value of microRNA in the diagnosis， treatment， and prognosis evaluation of colorectal cancer. Methods Domestic and international publications involving the relationship between microRNA and colorectal cancer were retrieved and reviewed. Results MicroRNA acted as an oncogene or tumor suppressor gene to participate in cell proliferation， differentiation， apoptosis， metabolism， tumor genesis， and tumor progression. The abnormal expression of microRNA was closely related to the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer. As specific biomarker， microRNA could be applied in early diagnosis， chemotherapy strategy-making， and prognostic evaluation of colorectal cancer. Conclusion MicroRNA is definitely related to the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer， and it has great prospect in the basic research and clinical applications of colorectal cancer.
Objective To systematically evaluate the correlation between the expression of microRNA (miRNA)-21 and the prognosis of esophageal cancer. Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and VIP Databases were searched by for the literature on the correlation between miRNA-21 and the prognosis of esophageal cancer till July 10, 2022. Two researchers independently performed literature screening, quality evaluation, and data extraction. Statistical analysis was conducted with Stata 14.0. Results A total of 13 articles were included, including 1 204 patients. The results of meta-analysis showed that: the overall survival (OS) of patients with high expression of miRNA-21 was lower than that of patients with low expression of miRNA-21 [hazard ratio (HR)=2.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.56, 2.84), P<0.001]. miRNA-21 expression was not associated with disease free survival [HR=2.53, 95%CI (0.67, 8.22), P=0.182]. The OS of Asian patients with high expression of miRNA-21 was significantly lower [HR=2.44, 95%CI (1.71, 3.49), P=0.005], while the OS of non-Asian patients was not related to miRNA-21 expression [HR=1.34, 95%CI (0.94, 1.91), P=0.363]. The high expression of miRNA-21 was correlated with the decreased OS in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [HR=2.22, 95%CI (1.52, 3.26), P=0.001], while the OS in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma was not correlated with the expression of miRNA-21 [HR=1.39, 95%CI (0.63, 3.06), P=0.409]. Conclusion The overexpression of miRNA-21 is associated with poor prognosis and might be regarded as a potential prognostic biomarker for patients with esophageal cancer.
ObjectiveTo investigate different expressions of microRNA-1 (microR-1) microRNA-133(microR-133) microRNA-34a (microR-34a) and their possible target protein Ankyrin-B in right atrial appendage of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) or sinus rhythm (SR) analyze their correlation,and explore novel mechanisms of the pathogenesis and development of AF in microRNA level. MethodsForty right atrial appendage samples of 40 patients with rheumatic heart disease who underwent heart valve replacement in Xinqiao Hospital,Third Military Medical University were included in this study. All the patients were divided into AF group including 8 males and 12 females with their age of 52.9±5.8 years and SR group including 9 males and 11 females with their age of 52.4±6.2 years. The expression of microR-1,microR-133 and microR-34a were examined with RTQ-PCR (real-time quantitative PCR) and calculated with delta delta Ct method. Different expressions of ankyrin-B between AF and SR group were examined with immunohistochemistry and Western Blotting. ResultsMicroR-1 expression of right atrial appendage of AF group was significantly lower than that of SR group (0.559±0.252 vs. 3.997±1.251,t=-21.455,P=0.000) microR-133 expression of AF group was significantly lower than that of SR group (0.630±0.238 vs. 5.514±1.549,t=24.133,P=0.000) and microR-34a expression of AF group was significantly higher than that of SR group (4.783±2.012 vs. 1.350±0.638,t=12.596,P=0.000). Immunohistochemistry and Western Blotting showed Ankyrin-B expression in right atrial appendage of AF group was significantly lower than that of SR group (0.66±0.45 vs. 1.09±0.42,t=-3.396,P=0.001). ConclusionMicroR-34a may take part in the pathogenesis and development of AF by regulating the expression of Ankyrin-B.