Objective To summarize and analyze the different modality on molecular imaging of tracking and monitoring for islet transplantation．Methods The current domestic and foreign reports on molecular imaging of islet transplantation were reviewed．Results Magnetic resonance imaging has high sensitivity，high spatial resolution，no ionizing radiation，is clinically applicable，and could be used of real-time MR-guided injections，but can’t discriminate between liver and dead cells，difficult to do in patients with liver iron overload．Nuclear molecular imaging only displays liver cells generate signal，is clinically applicable，but disadvantage is genetic manipulation，ionizing radiation，no anatomical information，low spatial resolution．The advantage of in vivo optical imaging is only liver cells generate signal，widely available，no ionizing radiation，and the disadvantage is genetic manipulation，not clinically applicable，low spatial resolution．Conclusions Islet imaging using magnetic resonance，nuclear molecular imaging，in vivo optical imaging，or multimodal imaging of microencapsulated islets may provide us with a direct means to interrogate islet cell distribution，survival，and function．Multimodal imaging of microencapsulated islets may be best way for tracking and monitoring in the future．
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of intra-abdominal pressure measure in patients with liver transplantation by summarizing the data of 143 cases. Methods Intra-abdominal pressure was indirectly measured by urinary bladder pressure. Intra-abdominal pressure over 10 cm H2O (1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa) was regarded as intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), and 10＜pressure≤15 cm H2O as gradeⅠ, 15＜pressure≤25 cm H2O as grade Ⅱ, 25＜pressure≤35 cm H2O as grade Ⅲ, over 35 cm H2O as grade Ⅳ. The parameters of circulatory system, respiratory system, renal function and the postoperative intra-abdominal pressure for 7 days were recorded to every patient, and the parameters of each grade IAH group were contrasted with non-IAH group. ResultsAmong 143 cases, 45 cases were IAH (31.5%), in which 18 cases belonged to grade Ⅰ, 13 cases belonged to grade Ⅱ, 11 cases belonged to grade Ⅲ, while 3 cases belonged to grade Ⅳ. Compared with those in non-IAH group, SCr and BUN significantly increased (P＜0.05, P＜0.01), PaO2 significantly decreased (P＜0.05, P＜0.01) in each grade IAH group; Respiratory frequency (RF), heart rate (HR) and PaCO2 significantly increased (P＜0.05, P＜0.01) in some grade IAH group (HR in grade Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ, RF and PaCO2 in grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ). Conclusions Intra-abdominal hypertension would affect liver function by impaired circulatory, respiratory and renal function. So, it is necessary to measure intra-abdominal pressure for patients after liver transplantation, which can help to choose appropriate treatment.
Objective To investigate the value of monitoring cytokines in serum after human doublehand allotransplantation. Methods We detected solube interleukin-2 receptor(sIL-2R), interleukin-2(IL-2) and interleukin-6(IL-6) levels of the serum in the patient who were performed doublehand transplantation with immunosupressive from September 2000 to November 2000, and in15 healthy volunteers by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. Results TheIL-2 and IL-6 levels decreased quickly during inducing period （P＜0.05）, and then increased gradually. While the sIL-2R level increased. The IL-2 level was lower（P＜0.05）, the IL-6 and sIL-2R levels were slightly higher when compared with those before transplantation. There was significant difference in the IL-2level between the patient and healthy volunteers both before and after transplantation, in the IL6 level between the patient and healthy volunteers during inducing period.Conclusion IL-2, IL-6 and sIL-2R levels of serum may be useful in diagnosis of rejection, prevention of opportunistic infection, tumor and graft versus host disease.
ObjectiveTo study the anatomicopathological relation between facial nerve (FN) and acoustic neuronoma (AN) and summarize the techniques of how to protect facial nerves in microsurgery. MethodsA retrospective analysis of 585 patients with acoustic neuronmas treated by microsurgery for the first time between January 2007 and March 2012 was carried out. Anatomicopathological relation between FN and AN and protection of the facial nerve were described. ResultsThe tumors were totally removed microsurgically in 552 patients, and the total removal rate was 94.4%. Subtotal removal was performed in 33 patients. Facial nerve was anatomically preserved in 558 cases, and the rate of facial nerve preservation was 95.4%. After one-year follow-up, 549 patients had House-Brackmann Ⅰ-Ⅳ function. The location and shape of the FN along the tumor was identified as the follows: FN displaced along the ventral and superior surface of the tumor in 279 patients (47.7%), the ventral and central in 243 (41.5%), the ventral and inferior in 33 (5.6%), the dorsal in 10, the superior pole in 6, the inferior pole in 3, and FN surrounded in 11. ConclusionGood understanding of the meaning of anatomicopathological relation between FN and AN, intraoperative monitoring and perfect microneurosurgical skills are important in achieving the goal of total resection of acoustic neuromas and anatomic reservation of the facial nerve.
Objective To discuss the effect of monitoring-training-planning (MTP) intervention model on the prevention and control of catheter–associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methods Patients with indwelling catheter from departments with ICU (ICU, ICU of the Department of Neurosurgery, ICU of the Department of Neurologic Medicine) between 2014 and 2015 were included in this study. Based on the inclusion criteria, target monitoring indicators were set in accordance with Hospital Infection Monitoring Norms. A total of 493 patients with indwelling catheters from January to December 2014 were subjected to target surveillance, and were used as baseline for the study. A total of 529 patients with indwelling catheters from January to December 2015 were treated with MTP intervention. The occurrence of indwelling catheter–associated urinary tract infections in the intensive care unit was compared before and after intervention. Results The incidence of indwelling catheter-associated urinary tract infections before and after MTP intervention were different, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion MTP intervention model can effectively prevent and reduce indwelling catheter-associated urinary tract infections in ICU.
ObjectiveTo investigate the value of morning blood pressure surge in the evaluation of atherosclerosis by the observation of the relationship between morning blood pressure surge and ambulatory arterial stiffness index. MethodsFrom May 2011 to March 2013, we followed up 300 hypertensive patients who received ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, and they were divide into elevated morning blood pressure surge group and non-elevated morning blood pressure surge group. The AASI value was recorded and compared between the two groups according to the grade of hypertension. ResultsMorning blood pressure surge was more common in patients with hypertension. Compared with patients in the non-elevated morning blood pressure surge group, ambulatory arterial stiffness index was significantly higher in patients in the elevated morning blood pressure surge group. ConclusionThere is a certain correlation between morning blood pressure surge and arterial stiffness, which is an important factor leading to a variety of target organ damage.
ObjectiveTo describe the status of epilepsy inpatients healthcare service in tertiary public hospitals in China by the data collected from the Hospital Quality Monitoring System.MethodsA population-based study was conducted with data of hospitalized patients collected from the Hospital Quality Monitoring System between 2015 and 2017. Diagnoses were identified by International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision codes for epilepsy (G40). The information of demographic characteristics, costs, payment methods, and discharge status were extracted and analyzed annually to make cross-sectional studies.ResultsA total of 329 241 hospitalized epilepsy patients from 585 tertiary public hospitals were identified. The average age of the patients was 31.74 and male patients accounted for 60.00% of the total. The proportion of patients covered by the national basic medical insurance in the three years was 50.15%, and that in the year 2015, 2016, and 2017 was 49.03%, 49.79%, and 51.80%, respectively; the proportion of patients with full self-payment was 30.40%. The average length of hospital stay was 6.65 d, the average cost for each stay was 7 985.53 yuan, the average self-payed cost for each stay was 3 979.62 yuan. In terms of the discharge way of the patients, 88.02% discharged following doctors’ advice, 0.40% were transferred to another hospital with doctors’ advice, and 6.59% discharged against doctors’ advice. The in-hospital mortality in the three years was 0.16%, and that in the year 2015, 2016, and 2017 was 0.19%, 0.16%, and 0.12%, respectively.ConclusionThe study shows that the in-hospital mortality rate of epilepsy inpatients in the tertiary public hospitals in China decreased gradually from 2015 to 2017, the coverage rate of national basic medical insurance increased year by year, and there is still room for further improvement.
In the context of increasingly stringent clinical trial quality control, the establishment of Data Monitoring Committee (DMC) has become essential for ensuring scientific rigor and ethical compliance. As a key tool for DMC decision-making, interim analysis reports play a critical role in assessing trial safety and efficacy. However, current DMC reports often exhibit significant shortcomings, such as complexity, lack of logical structure, data redundancy, and limited practical utility. These issues hinder effective risk-benefit evaluations required by regulatory standards. This paper identifies and analyzes these deficiencies and their associated risks, aiming to provide actionable recommendations for developing systematic, concise, and accurate DMC reports. Such improvements will support DMCs in making informed, scientifically sound decisions while enhancing the overall quality of clinical trial oversight.