Objective To systematically assess literature regarding the relationship between ovulation induction and the risk of ovarian cancer. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CBM and CNKI (from inception to Feb, 2012). Cohort or case-control studies were identified according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then the quality of the included studies was assessed, and the data was extracted. Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.0 software. The incorporated RR (relative risk) and 95%CI (confidence interval) of the included cohort studies and incorporated OR (odds ratio) and 95%CI of case-control studies were calculated, respectively. Results Four cohort studies and four case-control studies were included. Result of meta-analysis on cohort studies showed ovulation induction didn’t increase the risk of ovarian cancer (RR=1.07, 95%CI 0.81 to 1.42, P=0.63). Besides, result of meta-analysis on case-control studies showed ovulation induction was not associated with the incidence of ovarian cancer (OR=1.28, 95%CI 0.78 to 2.08, P=0.33). But the risk of borderline ovarian tumors increased when compared with general population controls (OR=1.71, 95%CI 1.05 to 2.79, P=0.03). Conclusion Ovulation induction does not increase the risk of ovarian cancer, but may relate to the incidence of borderline ovarian cancer. However, more high-quality studies, especially perspective cohort studies are required because of the limited quantity of the included studies.
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on the biological behaviour of ovarian epithelial neoplasm. METHODS Ten cases of normal ovarian tissues and eighty cases of ovarian epithelial tumor tissues were detected by immunohistochemical methods. Mias-2000 Picture Analysis System was used to study the relationship of bFGF expression intensity and microvessel count, FIGO stage, pathological grade and classification of ovarian epithelial neoplasm. RESULTS 1. Expression of bFGF was mainly in cytoplasm and nucleus in several cells of borderline and malignant tumor. 2. The expression intensity of bFGF was closely related to the malignant degree of ovarian epithelial neoplasm. The density of bFGF expression was (3.35 +/- 3.52)% in normal ovarian epithelium, (19.25 +/- 21.73)% in benign tumor, (33.78 +/- 10.86)% in borderline tumor and (48.18 +/- 12.93)% in malignant tumor. The results indicated that bFGF might play an important role in carcinogenesis of ovarian epithelial neoplasm. 3. The expression intensity of bFGF was increased with the FIGO stage of ovarian tumor. 4. The expression intensity of bFGF was increased accompanying with the decrease of differentiation degree in ovian neoplasm. 5. In borderline tumor, expression intensity of bFGF in serous cystadenoma was significantly higher than in mucinous cystadenoma, which indicated bFGF might be an important factor in canceration of ovarian epithelial neoplasm. CONCLUSION bFGF may play important roles in carcinogenesis, development, invasion and metastasis of ovarian epithelial neoplasm.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and the adverse reactions of intensive therapy compared with conventional therapy. Methods We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Issue 3, 2008), MEDLINE (January 1980 to June 2008), EMbase (1984 to June 2008), CBM-disc (January 1980 to June 2008) and CNKI (1994 to June 2008) to get all the randomized control trials (RCTs) about paclitaxel intensive versus conventional therapy for ovarian cancer. We used RevMan 5 to perform meta-analysis. Results Six RCTs involving 572 patients were included. Metaanalysis showed the efficacy of intensive therapy and conventional therapy was similar. There were no significant differences in response rate (RR 1.06, 95%CI 0.94 to 1.20), median survival time, survival rate, median progression free survival and median time to progression between the two groups. When taking safety into consideration, intensive therapy significantly reduced the occurrence of grade Ⅲ or higher neutropenia (RR 0.49, 95%CI 0.35 to 0.69, Plt;0.000 1) and Grade Ⅲ or higher neuropathy (RR 0.43, 95%CI 0.24 to 0.78, P=0.006). But there were no significant differences between intensive therapy and conventional therapy in flush, grade Ⅲ or higher vomiting, anemia, leucopenia, grade Ⅲ or higher thrombocytopenia and alopecia. Conclusion Paclitaxel intensive therapy has similar efficacy and adverse reactions compared with conventional therapy in ovarian cancer. Above all, intensive therapy can reduce the incidence of grade Ⅲ or higher neutropenia and neuropathy. It is a good substitution for the conventional therapy.
Ovarian cancer is one of the common malignant tumors of female genital organs. In gynecological tumors, the incidence rate of ovarian cancer ranks the third after cervical cancer and uterine body cancer, but the death rate of ovarian cancer ranks the first, posing a serious threat to women’s life and health. In recent years, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) clinical practice guidelines for ovarian cancer has become an important basis for diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. In this paper, we interpret the latest version (version 4. 2017) of NCCN clinical practice guidelines for ovarian cancer for its better clinical application.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the effectiveness and safety of intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy (IHPC) for ovarian cancer, so as to provide references for clinical practice and studies. MethodsWe electronically searched PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library (Issue 6, 2013), Web of Science, WanFang Data, CBM, VIP and CNKI for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about IHPC vs. intravenous chemotherapy (IC) for ovarian cancer from the inception of the databases to June 2013. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality. Then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.1 software. ResultsA total of 10 RCTs involving 723 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the IHPC group was superior to the IC group in clinical efficiency (OR=4.02, 95%CI 2.85 to 5.68, P < 0.000 01), clinical benefit response (OR=3.41, 95%CI 2.13 to 5.45, P < 0.000 01), recurrence and metastasis rates (OR=0.29, 95%CI 0.20 to 0.42, P < 0.000 1), and overall survival rates (OR=3.30, 95%CI 1.82 to 5.99, P < 0.000 1). In the aspect of safety, no significant difference was found in bone marrow suppression, hemoglobin reduction, nausea and vomiting between two groups. ConclusionIHPC for ovarian cancer can improve clinical efficiency, clinical benefit response and overall survival rates, and reduce recurrence and metastasis rates; and it is also safe for patients.
Extracellular matrix (ECM) has been implicated in tumor progress and chemosensitivity. Ovarian cancer brings a great threat to the health of women with a significant feature of high mortality and poor prognosis. However, the potential significance of matrix stiffness in the pattern of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) expression and ovarian cancer drug sensitivity is still largely unkown. Here, based on RNA-seq data of ovarian cancer cell cultured on substrates with different stiffness, we found that a great amount of lncRNAs were upregulated in stiff group, whereas SNHG8 was significantly downregulated, which was further verified in ovarian cancer cells cultured on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) hydrogel. Knockdown of SNHG8 led to an impaired efficiency of homologous repair, and decreased cellular sensitivity to both etoposide and cisplatin. Meanwhile, the results of the GEPIA analysis indicated that the expression of SNHG8 was significantly decreased in ovarian cancer tissues, which was negatively correlated with the overall survival of patients with ovarian cancer. In conclusion, matrix stiffening related lncRNA SNHG8 is closely related to chemosensitivity and prognosis of ovarian cancer, which might be a novel molecular marker for chemotherapy drug instruction and prognosis prediction.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the prognostic efficacy and safety of patients with ovarian cancer treated with systemic lymphadenectomy (SL). MethodsPubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang Data, and CBM databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies on the prognostic outcomes of patients with ovarian cancer treated with SL from inception to December 16th, 2020. Six reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using RevMan 5.4 software. ResultsA total of 5 RCTs and 23 cohort studies involving 6 166 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that there were no significant differences in the 3-year survival rate, 5-year survival rate, 3-year progression-free survival rate, and 5-year progression-free survival rate between SL group and the no systemic lymphadenectomy (NSL) group. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection combined with large omentum resection had a better prognosis for patients. ConclusionsCurrent evidence shows that SL has no significant efficacy on survival and progression-free survival in patients with ovarian cancer. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are required to verify the above conclusions.
Objective To investigate the effects of ovarian tissue cryopreservation by needle immersed vitrification (NIV) method and subsequently orthotopic transplantation on ovarian function reconstruction in chemotherapy-induced ovary damage rat model. Methods A total of 52 matured virginal female Wistar rats at age of 8-9 weeks housed in specific-pathogen-free facilities, weighing 250-300 g. Vaginal smears were obtained daily, 50 rats having at least 2 consecutive normal estrous cycles were included in the experiment. Ten rats were selected as donors randomly, and NIV method was used for cryopreserving ovarian tissues. The remaining 40 rats were divided into 3 groups according to different treatments: cyclophosphamide group (C group, n=14), cyclophosphamide/transplantation group (C/T group, n=12), and control group (NS group, n=14). In C group and C/T group, the rats received peritoneal injection of cyclophosphamide every day for 21 days to establish the chemotherapy-induced ovary damage models; and then the frozen-thawed ovarian tissues orthotopically transplanted into the left ovarian bursae in C/ T group. The rats received peritoneal injections of 0.9% saline solution every day for 21 days in NS group. Estrous cycle recovery time, ovary weight, morphology change of ovarian tissues, and follicle count were compared among 3 groups. Results One rat died at 2 days after transplantation in C/T group; the other rats survived to the completion of the experiment. At 4 weeks after the end of injection, no significant difference in body weight was found among 3 groups (P gt; 0.05). The rats of NS group had regular estrous cycle, but cyclic changes in vaginal smears were observed in C group and C/T group during cyclophosphamide treatment. The median estrous cycle recovery was 9 days (95%CI: 7.9-10.1 days) in C group, and was 6 days (95%CI: 4.9-7.1 days) in C/ T group, showing significant difference (χ2=6.571, P=0.010). The ovarian weight showed an obvious downtrend in C group at 4 weeks after cyclophosphamide treatment, and an upward trend was observed in C/T group. The ovarian grafts survived and grew well in C/T group. Primordium follicles and primary follicles in C/T group and NS group were significantly more than those in C group (P lt; 0.05), but no significant difference was found between NS group and C/T group (P gt; 0.05). There was no significant difference in secondary follicles and antral follicles among the 3 groups (P gt; 0.05). Conclusion The method of ovarian tissue cryopreservation by NIV and subsequently orthotopic transplantation can significantly shorten the estrous cycle recovery time in chemotherapy-induced ovary damage rat model. Ovarian grafts grow well, follicle count is similar to normal level. So it has the potential ability of ovarian endocrine and fertility reconstruction after chemotherapy.
Objective To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of human pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 (hPTTG1) small interfering RNA (siRNA) on apoptosis of ovarian cancer cell line A2780. Methods hPTTG1 siRNA was transfected into A2780 with lipofectamine (the hPTTG1 siRNA group), and the normal group and the negative control group were set up. Detections were conducted 48 hours after transfection: the interfering efficiency of hPTTG1 mRNA was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction, the expression of survivin gene and survivin protein was examined by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, cell apoptosis was detected by DNA fragmentation gel electrophoresis and propidium iodide staining kit, and the activity of caspase-3 was assayed by caspases colorimetric assay kit. Results The expression of hPTTG1 mRNA was expressly inhibited after hPTTG1 siRNA transfection. DNA ladder was observed in the hPTTG1 siRNA group. The apoptotic rate of hPTTG1 siRNA transfection in the hPTTG1 siRNA group was (17.53±2.17)%, higher than those in the normal group and the negative control group [(8.97±1.56)% and (9.64±1.31)%, respectively], with statistically significant differences between them (P<0.05). The expression levels of survivin mRNA and survivin protein were down-regulated. The activity of caspase-3 was raised. Conclusions siRNA targeting hPTTG1 could induce apoptosis of A2780 by inhibition of survivin expression and activation of caspase-3. It may be a potential target for gene therapy of ovarian cancer.
Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and management of ovarian tumor complicated by pregnancy and its influence on the pregnancy outcome, so as to provide diagnostic and therapeutic experiences. Methods A total of 248 cases were surgically and pathologically diagnosed as ovarian tumor complicated by pregnancy in The 202 Military Hospital from January, 2003 to December, 2009, and their clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. Results The incidence rate of ovarian tumor complicated by pregnancy was 0.49%. Among total 248 cases, 131 (52.82%) were benign tumors, of which 22.18% were ovarian mature teratomas; 113 (45.57%) were tumourlike lesions, of which most were ovarian chocolatecyst and lutealcyst, and 4 (1.61%) were malignant tumors. There were 212 cases treated by tumorectomy or salpingo-oophorectomy, and 3 of 4 cases with malignant tumors took postoperative chemotherapy. A total of 192 cases were diagnosed by regular antenatal care and ultrasound examination, accounting for 77.42% of the total sample size found during pregnancy. Among 14 cases receiving emergency operations, 9 were complicated by torsion, and the other 5 were by rupture. There were 67 cases receiving operation from the 14th to 18th gestational week, and 57 cases had full-time pregnancy. Conclusion Ultrasonography and pelvioscopy are of principal importance in the diagnosis and detection of ovarian tumor complicated by pregnancy which should be treated by tumorectomy, and suitable surgery intervention during second trimester is safe.