Internal limiting membrane peeling is now widely used in the treatment of vitreoretinal diseases, such as idiopathic macular hole, epiretinal membrane, macular edema, traumatic retinopathy, retinoschisis, and optic pit, especially macular diseases. Due to the attention paid to the physiological function of the internal limiting membrane, there is still controversies about whether the internal limiting membrane is removed, and the area and the way of the removal in vitrectomy of the above diseases. Major complications have been reported in literature: effects on internal retinal structure, retinal and choroidal blood flow, retinal electrical activity, potential retinal toxicity of stain, changes in the anatomy of macular area, changes in visual field and potential damage to vision. In this paper, we reviewes the complications of internal limiting membrane peeling in the treatment of macular hole and epiretinal macular membrane.
ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of visual disability in people with opportunistic diabetes based on the physical examination center, and explore its related factors. MethodsPeople who went to West China Hospital of Sichuan University (West China Hospital district and Wenjiang hospital district) for physical examination between January 2019 and March 2020 were selected. The subjects were those who had a history of diabetes or fasting blood glucose≥7 mmol/L or glycosylated hemoglobin≥6.5%. They were divided into two groups according to visual acuity. The physical examinees with low vision were the observation group, and the physical examinees with normal vision were the control group (the number of cases was twice that of the observation group). The relevant data of the two groups were observed and compared, and the risk factors of low vision were analyzed by logistic regression. ResultsA total of 1 636 physical examinees with diabetes were included. There were 158 cases in the observation group and 316 cases in the control group. 158 cases (203 eyes) had low vision, and the incidence was 6.20% (203/3272). The main diseases leading to low vision were cataract (92 cases, 58.23%), high myopia (32 cases, 20.25%) and diabetes retinopathy (20 cases, 12.66%). Logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors for low vision were age of diabetes patients, diabetes retinopathy, systolic blood pressure and glycosylated hemoglobin. ConclusionsThe incidence of low vision in diabetes population based on physical examination centers in Chengdu is low. Visual acuity examination should be strengthened for diabetes patients, especially the elderly, with diabetes retinopathy, high systolic blood pressure and glycosylated hemoglobin. Early effective prevention and treatment can reduce the damage to vision caused by diabetes.
Objective To investigate the immunoregulatory effects of immunonutrient ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and its applications in organ transplantation. Methods Relevant literatures of recent years were reviewed. Results The immunoregulatory effects of ω-3 PUFA can inhibit proliferation and activation of the immunocompetent cells including T cell and B cell, reduce cytokine production, modulate immunologic response, improve graft function, pro-long survival, reduce episodes of rejection, and lessen adverse reactions of immunosuppressor.Conclusion ω-3 PUFA should have wide applications in organ transplantation due to its immunoregulatory effects. However, this research should be further studied.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive, rapid optical medical imaging modality and has become a hot topic in biomedical research. In recent years, several functional OCTs have emerged, including Doppler OCT, polarization-sensitive OCT, spectroscopic OCT, and optical coherence tomographic elastography, etc. These newer advances in functional OCT broaden the potential clinical application of OCT by providing novel ways to observe and understand tissue activity that cannot be accomplished by other current imaging methodologies.
ObjectiveTo summarize the research progress in the study of the diagnostic function of humoral circular RNAs in human diseases.MethodsThe research progress was summarized by reading relevant literatures on the diagnostic function of humoral circular RNAs in human disease at home and abroad.ResultsAs endogenous circular RNA molecules, circular RNAs were found to be related to a variety of diseases due to their stable structures, conserved sequences, diverse functions, and tissue cell specificity. Recent studies had found that circular RNAs could be secreted into body fluids, such as blood, saliva, urine, gastric juice, seminal plasma, and so on. They could also exist in body fluids stably. In addition, circular RNAs were found that was related to the diagnosis of various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, nervous system diseases, autoimmune diseases, various carcinomas and metabolic diseases, and so on. As a consequence, circular RNAs might be important biomarkers for non-invasive detection of human diseases.ConclusionsRecent researches have found that circular RNA is related to the diagnosis of various diseases. Therefore, the in-depth study of the relationship between humoral circular RNAs and the diagnosis of diseases is conducive to the development of non-invasive diagnostic markers of clinical diseases, which is of great significance for the non-invasive diagnosis of diseases.
Objective To compare the advantages and disadvantages of using the harmonic scalpel and bipolar coagulation forceps versus harmonic scalpel and conventional clamp-and-tie technique in open thyroid surgery.Methods One hundred patients indicated for thyroid surgery were randomly divided into two groups：the bipolar coagulation forceps group underwent surgery with harmonic scalpel and bipolar coagulation forceps，and the conventional clamp-and-tie group with harmonic scalpel and conventional clamp-and-tie technique，respectively.All operations were performed by the same group of doctors.The total operation time，intraoperative bleeding，mass diameter，postoperative drainage，and surgical complications （postoperative bleeding， postoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis，seroma，and permanent postoperative hypoparathyroidism） were compared.Results There were 48 valid cases in the bipolar coagulation forceps group， and 49 cases in the conventional clamp-and-tie group. There were no significant differences between two groups patients of age，gender，disease composition，and mass diameter（P＞0.05）.With the same operative approach， the total operation time，intraoperative bleeding，and the incidence of transient postoperative hypoparathyroidism in the bipolar coagulation forceps group were significantly lower than those in the conventional clamp-and-tie group （P＜0.001）.The postoperative drainage in the bipolar coagulation forceps group was more than that in the conventional clamp-and-tie group （P＜0.05）.There was no single case of postoperative bleeding，postoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis，seroma，and permanent postoperative hypoparathyroidism in both groups.Conclusions The combination of harmonic scapel with bipolar coagulation forceps provides significant advantages over the combination of harmonic scapel with conventional clamp-and-tie technique in open thyroid surgery.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the effectiveness of outdoor activities in preventing myopia progression, and to provide scientific evidence for myopia prevention and management.MethodsPubMed, MEDLINE, EMbase, CNKI and WanFang Data databases were searched from establishment to October 2017. Two researchers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 10 studies involving 24 667 participants were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the incidence of myopia in outdoor activities group was lower than that in control group (OR=0.67, 95%CI 0.55 to 0.81, P<0.000 1).ConclusionThe current evidence shows that outdoor activities have protective effects on emmetropia children myopia onset. Due to the limited quality and quantity of included studies, more high quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusions.
ObjectiveTo discuss the role and effect of the triamcinolone acetonide (TA) injection applied in the vitreoretinal surgery for assisting to distinguish and removal residual cortex.MethodsOne thousand and forty-six patients (1 056 eyes) underwent a PPV at West China Eye Center from August 2003 to February 2005. These affected eyes were selected without posterior vitreous detachment pre-and intra-operatively, and underwent intravitreal injection with TA 1-2 mg to label the residual vitreous cortex on the surface of the posterior retina after removal of the majority vitreous.ResultsThe location and coverage of the residual vitreous cortex were clearly be shown by the white appearance of TA labeled residual vitreous, and the residual vitreous cortex was conveniently to be recognized and removed.ConclusionThe application of intravitreal injection with TA is helpful for identification and elimination of the residual vitreous cortex in vitreoretinal surgery.(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2005,21:226-228)
Objective The aim of this study is to review the relationship between microRNA (miR)-200a and the proliferation, metastasis, and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on the previous relevant studies. Methods A systematic literature search was performed to identify the related studies. We summarized the expression level of miR-200a in HCC, its roles and mechanisms in proliferation, metastasis, and prognosis of HCC. Results The expressions of miR-200a were down-regulated in HCC tissue, cell, and patients’ serum. The normal expression or the overexpression of miR-200a could significantly inhibite the proliferation, invision, and metastasis of HCC. Moreover, the differentially expressed miR-200a in the tumor tissue or the patient’ serum was potentially valuable for the early diagnosis and prognostic predicting of HCC. Although there had been many advances on miR-200a in HCC, only a few biological functions had been identified. The underlying regulating mechanisms and more targeted genes of miR-200a still needed to be further studied. Conclusion miR-200a not only has an inhibitory effect on the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of HCC, but also has a certain clinical application value in the early diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.
Objective To explore feasibility and efficacy of laparoscopic microsurgery by transanal glove port for excision of rectal tumor. Methods Seventeen patients with rectal tumor underwent laparoscopic microsurgery by transanal glove port for local excision of rectal tumor were chosen from March 2015 to March 2016. This device was constructed by using a incision protective sleeve and standard surgical glove. The laparoscopy was used as lighting equipment. The ultrasonic scalpel, operation forceps and lens were separately inserted into the fixed sheath card from the 3 finger gloves. Results The operations of 17 cases were completed successfully. The operative time was 35–90 min with an average 54 min. The closed glove access time was 11 to 26 min with an average 18 min. The diameter of tumor was 1.4–3.5 cm with an average 2.4 cm. The results of postoperative pathology included 8 cases of villos adenemas, 3 cases of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, 1 case of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, 3 cases of carcinoid , and 2 cases of adenocarcinoma. All resection margins were negative. No infection, intestinal fistula, bleeding, and other complications were found. The hospital stay was 4–9 d with an average of 5 d. No recurrence was found during a follow-up of 1–6 months. Conclusions The preliminary results of limited cases in this study show that laparoscopic microsurgery by transanal glove port for excision of rectal tumor is easy, safe, and effective. It also provides a new choice for individualized comprhensive treatment of rectal tumor.