ObjectiveTo detect the level of oxidative stress markers in serum, including malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls (PC), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and explore the impacts of oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in pathogenesis of COPD. MethodsTwo hundred stable COPD patients (the COPD group) and 100 healthy individuals (the control group) were recruited in the study. The concentrations of MDA, PC, 8-OHdG and TAC in serum were detected. Pulmonary function test was performed and the general informations for each subjects were collected. The COPD patients were divided into a smoking subgroup and a non-smoking subgroup, or divided into a mild-moderate airflow limitation subgroup and a severe-extremely severe airflow limitation subgroup. ResultsThe levels of serum MDA, PC and 8-OHdG in the COPD group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P < 0.01), but the level of serum TAC was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.01). In the COPD patients, the levels of PC and 8-OHdG in the smoking subgroup were significantly higher than those in the non-smoking subgroup (both P < 0.05). The level of PC in the severe-extremely severe airflow limitation subgroup was significantly higher when compared with the mild-moderate airflow limitation subgroup (P < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the levels of PC and 8-OHdG were negatively related with FEV1% pred in the COPD patients, and the PC had greater impacts than 8-OHdG (β=-0.230, -0.219, P < 0.01). ConclusionSmoking can induce the abnormal increase of PC and 8-OHdG in serum which are negatively related with FEV1% pred in COPD patients, which suggests that oxidative stress might play an important role in pathogenesis of COPD.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases, by leading to cell apoptosis and thus causing organic injuries. Anti-ROS therapy is highly anticipated, but currently, there is still no appropriate prevention method. Studies have shown that thioredoxin (Trx), being a kind of significant endogenous antioxidant system, has excellent antioxidant capacity. Promotion of Trx can reduce key biomolecules to eliminate ROS or regulate many signaling pathways, thus resisting ROS injuries, which may be a new anti-ROS strategy. Therefore, we reviewed the research progress of Trx in cardiac antioxidant therapy to discuss its potential and possibility to be a target for prevention of heart-related ROS injury.
Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of thermosensitive hydrogel containing curcumin-vitamin E (VE) complex (hereinafter referred to as “curcumin-VE hydrogel”) on radiation-induced oral mucositis in mice. Methods Curcumin-VE hydrogel was prepared using the synthesized curcumin-VE complex as the carrier and poloxam as the substrate. The structure of curcumin-VE complex was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, the microstructure of curcumin-VE hydrogel was determined by scanning electron microscope, and the gelation temperature was determined by rheometer, gel swelling and degradation were tested and gel adhesion was determined using a universal testing machine. Thirty healthy male BALB/C mice with specific pathogen free grade were randomly divided into three groups, with ten mice in each group. The radiation group and radiation+hydrogel group were modeled by a single high dose of radiation (25 Gy), while the control group had anesthesia but no radiation. The control group and radiation group were given daily feed and water 7 days after radiation. In addition to daily feed and water, the radiation+hydrogel group was given curcumin-VE hydrogel twice a day. The mice were sacreficed on the 8th day after radiation. The weight changes of each group were recorded after radiation. The ulceration area of tongue was measured by toluidine blue. The tongue of mouse were pathologically observed. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase and the level of malondialdehyde in tongue tissue were determined. The levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in tongue tissue were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The distribution and positive expression of phosphorylated histone H2AX (γ-H2AX) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 were determined by immunohistochemistry. Results Curcumin-VE hydrogel had a porous network structure and the gelation temperature was 30℃, the swelling rate was close to 300%, the gel degradation rate was up to 95% after 48 h, and the adhesion strength was 12.748 kPa. Compared with the radiation group, the weight of mice in the radiation+hydrogel group increased (P<0.05), the ulcer area decreased (P<0.05); the activity of CAT increased (P<0.05); the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 decreased (P<0.05); the expression of γ-H2AX was down-regulated (P<0.05). Conclusion Curcumin-VE hydrogel can delay or weaken the process of radiation-induced oral mucositis by reducing the DNA damage caused by radiation, inhibiting the production of reactive oxygen species, and effectively reducing the level of inflammation in tongue tissue.