ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of Orem's self-care model in school-age children with asthma. MethodsSeventy-four children with asthma treated between March 2012 and June 2014 were divided into observation group (n=37) and control group (n=37) randomly. Orem's self-care model was applied in the observation group, while routine nursing was carried out in the control group. We observed the pulmonary function, therapeutic compliance and quality of life in children of both the two groups before and one year after treatment. ResultsOne year after treatment, forced expiratory volume in one second and peak expiratory flow increased significantly (P<0.05), and increase in the observation group was significantly more than that in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group showed significant increased treatment compliance rate (P<0.05). Pediatric asthma quality of life questionare scale results showed that one year after treatment, the two groups got significantly increased scores in the dimensions of emotion, symptom and activity (P<0.05), and the scores were significantly higher in the observation group (P<0.05). ConclusionOrem's self-care model has a significant curative effect for the improvement of lung function in school-age children with asthma, which can promot the treatment compliance and quality of life of the patients.
Pulse waves contain abundant physiological and pathological information of human body. Research of the relationship between pulse wave and human cardiovascular physiological parameters can not only help clinical diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, but also contribute to develop many new medical instruments. Based on the traditional double elastic cavity model, the human cardiovascular system was established by using the electric network model in this paper. The change of wall pressure and blood flow in artery was simulated. And the influence of the peripheral resistance and vessel compliance to the distribution of blood flow in artery was analyzed. The simulation results were compared with the clinical monitoring results to predict the physiological and pathological state of human body. The result showed that the simulation waveform of arterial wall pressure and blood flow was stabile after the second cardiac cycle. With the increasing of peripheral resistance, the systolic blood pressure of artery increased, the diastolic blood pressure had no significant change, and the pulse pressure of artery increased gradually. With the decreasing of vessel compliance, the vasoactivity became worse and the pulse pressure increased correspondingly. The simulation results were consistent with the clinical monitoring results. The increasing of peripheral resistance and decreasing of vascular compliance indicated that the incidence of hypertension and atherosclerosis was increased.
ObjectiveTo investigate the status of roxadustat in patients undergoing maintenance peritoneal dialysis and analyze the factors affecting drug compliance. MethodsPatients with renal anemia undergoing maintenance peritoneal dialysis in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from July 2020 to March 2021 were selected. All patients took roxadustat orally. According to the medication compliance, the patients were divided into good compliance group and poor compliance group. The general information questionnaire and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) were used to investigate and analyze the included patients, and their clinical examination indexes were collected. ResultsA total of 100 patients were included, Including 39 cases (39%) in the good compliance group and 61 cases (61%) in the poor compliance group. The average score of medication compliance of roxadustat was 5.19±1.72. Logistic regression analysis showed that drug cognition [odds ratio (OR)=0.099, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.027, 0.365), P=0.001], medication troubles/complex protocol [OR=5.330, 95%CI (1.567, 18.132), P=0.007], and adverse drug reactions [OR=5.453, 95%CI (1.619, 18.368), P=0.006] were factors affecting patient compliance. Hemoglobin in the good compliance group was lower than that in the poor compliance group (Z=−2.259, P=0.024); there was no significant difference in other clinical examination indexes (P>0.05). ConclusionsThe overall compliance of oral roxadustat in maintenance peritoneal dialysis patients is poor, and the corresponding follow-up management system should be improved. Nurses should provide comprehensive and systematic medication guidance to patients, encourage them to fully understand the clinical manifestations, treatment schemes and prognosis of renal anemia, clarify the time, dose, possible adverse reactions and mitigation methods of roxadustat, etc., and help them to treat the disease with correct cognition and attitude, so as to improve their drug compliance.
Objective To study the effect of preparation conditions for small-diameter polyurethane(PU) vascular graft on microstructure and mechanical properties. Methods The small-diameter microporous PU artificial vascular grafts were prepared by dipping and leaching method. The dimension and microstructure were controlled by changing mold diameter, PU materials, salt sizes, salt to polymer ratio, times of dipping layers etc. The mechanical properties of PU grafts including radical compliance, water permeability, longitudinal strength, burst strength, and suture tearing strength were measured and the effect of the graft dimension and microstructure on their properties were studied. Results The internal diameter of grafts prepared was 2-4 mm depending on mold diameter. The wall thickness was 0.6-1.2 mmafter dipping 4-8 layers. The density was 0.23-0.49 g/cm3. The pore was 42-95 μm in diameter. The porosity was 56%80%. The radical compliance was 1.2%-7.4%·13.3 kPa-1 and higher compliances could be obtained by using moreelastic polyurethane, higher salt to polymer ratio, longer diameter and less wall thickness. The water permeability, mainly depending on salt to polymer ratio,diameter, and wall thickness, was 0.29-12.44 g／(cm2·min). The longitudinal strength was 1.55-4.36 MPa correlating with tensile strength of polyurethane and salt to polymer ratio. The burst strength was 60-300 kPa also depending on tensile strength of polyurethane and salt to polymer ratio. The suture tearing strength was 19.5-96.2 N／cm2 depending on tensile strength of polyurethanebut not on the angle of tearing and graft axial directions. The compliance and water permeability of Chronoflex grafts were higher than those of PCU1500 grafts, but longitudinal strength, burst strength, and suture tearing strength of PCU1500 grafts were better than those of Chronoflex grafts. Conclusion Small-diameter grafts with proper pore sizes, porosity, matching compliance can be obtained by selecting PU materials and optimizing the preparation conditions.
Objective To explore the influencing factors of inhalation medication compliance in Chinese asthma patients, and to provide evidence for improving the compliance of patients with inhalation therapy. Methods PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Chongqing VIP, and SinoMed were searched for literature on factors influencing inhalation medication compliance in Chinese asthma patients from the establishment of databases to December 2021. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software. Results A total of 16 studies were included, with a sample size of 2 600 cases, 1 084 cases of good compliance with inhalation administration, 1 516 cases of poor compliance with inhalation administration, and good compliance with inhalation administration accounted for 41.69%. The literature quality evaluation scores were all ≥4 points, all of which were of medium quality and above. Meta-analysis showed that the factors affecting inhalation compliance of asthma patients included age [odds ratio (OR)=0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.32, 0.91), P=0.02], educational level [OR=0.57, 95%CI (0.36, 0.90), P=0.02], doctor-patient relationship [OR=0.42, 95%CI (0.19, 0.93), P=0.03], disease severity [OR=0.25, 95%CI (0.11, 0.58), P=0.001], degree of mastery of asthma knowledge [OR=2.51, 95%CI (1.11, 5.65), P=0.03], degree of mastery of inhalation technique [OR=8.66, 95%CI (3.20, 23.40), P<0.0001], adverse drug reaction [OR=0.23, 95%CI (0.13, 0.41), P<0.00001]. Conclusion The compliance of inhaled dosing in Chinese asthma patients needs to be improved urgently. Age, education level, doctor-patient relationship, disease severity, mastery of asthma knowledge, mastery of inhalation technology, and adverse drug reactions are the important influencing factors of inhaled medication compliance.
ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of strengthening intervention on antiviral treatment compliance for cirrhosis patients following chronic hepatitis B. MethodsOne hundred patients with cirrhosis following chronic hepatitis B undergoing antiviral treatment between January 2007 and January 2009 were randomly divided into intervention group and control group with 50 patients in each group.Patients in the control group received routine care.For patients in the intervention group,besides routine care,strengthening education on the disease,medication guide,and weekly telephone follow-up after discharge were also added.On the time points of 6,12,18,24,30,36 months after patients were discharged,we followed them up with self-designed questionnaire,and compared the two groups of patients on the rates of fully complying with doctors,not fully complying with doctors and completely not complying with doctors.And the reasons were also analyzed. ResultsEighteen months after being discharged,the two groups had no significant difference in the rate of complying with doctors (P>0.05),while the difference was significant 24,30,36 months after leaving the hospital (P<0.05).The reasons were not following the doctors were mainly high cost and unsatisfying treatment effect.In the control group,the reasons also included lack of knowledge about the disease and lack of guidance and supervision. ConclusionThrough strengthening nursing intervention,patients'treatment compliance can be improved significantly.
ObjectiveTo explore the influencing factors of medication compliance in drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients.MethodsUsing phenomenological research methods, a semi-structured in-depth interview was conducted on 19 inpatients with drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis admitted to the Drug-resistant Tuberculosis Department of Changsha Central Hospital between April and August 2019, and the data were coded, analyzed, sorted out, summarized, and extracted.ResultsThe influencing factors of medication compliance in patients with drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis could be divided into two categories: promoting factors and hindering factors. The promoting factors included the patient’s own factors (emphasis on medication therapy, desire for medication knowledge, and efforts to solve medication difficulties) and social factors (family support). The hindering factors included the patient’s own factors (lack of knowledge about tuberculosis, and severe negative emotions), drug treatment factors (fear of adverse drug reactions, and complicated medication plans), and social factors (increased financial burden).ConclusionsDrug compliance of patients with drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis is affected by patients, family members, medical staff and social environment. Nursing staff should develop personalized drug plan to improve the patients’ drug compliance.
Objective To explore the hormone medication compliance in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and analyze its influencing factors. Methods Between May and December 2013, 96 children were investigated by questionnaires about medication compliance when they were out of the hospital. Then we analyzed the influencing factors for medication compliance. All the data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software. Results Of these 96 children, medication nonadherence accounted for 52% (50). The main guardian, educational level of the father, educational level of the mother, residence, duration of illness, time of hospitalization, and understanding of the treatment plan played significant roles in causing different medication compliance among these children (P＜0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that duration of illness [OR=2.204, 95%CI (1.253, 3.875), P=0.006], residence [OR=2.615, 95%CI (1.0 23, 6.687), P=0.045] and the mother’s educational level [OR=0.147, 95%CI (0.028, 0.788), P=0.025] were the independent factors for medication compliance. Conclusions According to the survey, hormone medication compliance in children with chronic kidney disease is not satisfying. We should strengthen the health education in children and their parents, and adopt specific interventions to enhance the medication compliance so as to effectively control the disease and delay the progression.
ObjectiveTo investigate the drug use,symptoms and lung function of asthma patients in communities. MethodsA cooperation project of "Cohort Study in Putuo District Health Survey" was conducted by Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital and the Harvard School of Public Health from August 2007 to January 2010 .Home questionnaires were collected in the communities in 13 residential quarters in Changzheng town,Ganquan town in Putuo District,Shanghai. ResultsA total of 27 042 respondents was inquired,in which there were a total of 488 asthma patients with the total prevalence rate of 1.80 percent. 189 cases (47.49%) frequently used anti-asthma drugs in nearly a year,and 209 cases (52.51%) less frequently used anti-asthma drugs. In the patients frequently using anti-asthma drugs,FEV1%pred was (65.30±25.78)% with FEV1%pred ≥80% in 50 cases (32.68%).St. George score was 36.80±28.02 in this subgroup.More symptoms presented in 129 cases(69.73%)in the past year. In the patients less frequently using anti-asthma drugs,FEV1%pred was (81.55±19.01)% with FEV1%pred ≥80% in 99 cases (56.57%). St. George score was 7.61±15.56.There were symptoms presented in 42 cases (20.59%) in the past year. ConclusionMore than half asthmatic patients do not receive regular medicine treatment in communities in Shanghai. Some patients still suffer from asthma symptoms long with poor St. George score and lung function although frequently using anti-asthma medication,suggesting asthma treatment is not standard.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the influence of health education on medicine-taking compliance of hypertensive patients, so as to provide scientific evidence for health decision-making. MethodsLiterature search was performed in CBM, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP databases to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 1998 and 2013 concerning the effect of health education on medicine-taking compliance of hypertensive patients. Two reviewers independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted the data, assessed the methodological quality of included studies, and then conducted Bayesian meta-analysis using WinBUGS 14 software after heterogeneity-test by using Stata 10.0 software. ResultsA total of 19 RCTs involving 3 751 participants were included. The results of Bayesian meta-analysis showed that the health education group was superior to the control group in medicine-taking compliance with a significant difference (OR=4.46, 95%CI 3.698 to 5.358). ConclusionHealth education could enhance the medicine-taking compliance of Chinese hypertension patients significantly.