Objective To investigate effects of neural retina on development of the structure of outer blood retinal barrier in embryogenesis. Methods The retinal neural epithelium (RNE) and pigment epithelium (RPE) layers of 150, 120 and 90 embryonic chicken eyes incubated for 7,10, and 14 days were peeled off. RNE was used to prepare the culture medium with different conditions (7drcSF3, 10drcSF3, 14drcSF3). RPE cells of 7- and 14-incubated chicken embryos were cultured on laminin-coated transwell filter. The SF3, 7drcSF3, 10drcSF3 , 14drcSF3 medium were used respectively in the apical chamber and SF2 was used in basolateral chamber. After the formation of monolayer, the transepithelial electrical resistance of the RPE was detected. After the fixation of RPE cells, the condition of the tight junction among the cells was observed by immunohis tochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Results For the RPE cells of 7-and 14-day incubated embryonic eyes, the difference of TER in various medium of SF3/SF2, 7drcSF3/SF2, 10drcSF3/SF2, 14drcSF3/SF2 was statistically significant (P＜0.01). The polarity of RPE cells was induced and the netlike tight junctional strands was urged in the retina-conditioned medium. Conclusion The neural retina may actively promote the formation of the structure of outer blood retinal barrier. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：237-240)
According to a guideline on promoting the high-quality development of public hospitals issued by the General Office of the State Council and a guideline on accelerating the development of medical rehabilitation, a high-quality and efficient rehabilitation system should be established, and efforts should be made to promote the high-quality development of rehabilitation services in public hospitals. We propose an action guideline for promoting the high-quality development of rehabilitation services in public hospitals, which is based on a Delphi method questionnaire on the opinions of front-line clinical rehabilitation experts, and integrated with relevant literature and evidences. This guideline introduces 31 specific action plans from 7 dimensions, including standardization of basic rehabilitation settings, standardization of clinical rehabilitation techniques, improvement of the tertiary rehabilitation system, standardization of emergency rehabilitation, standardization of rehabilitation education, standardization of rehabilitation management, and promotion of scientific and technological innovation in rehabilitation medicine.
Patient values and preferences is one of the elements of evidence-based medicine research, which is also an important part that should be considered in the development of evidence-based guidelines in the present and future. However, the research in this field in China has just begun. This article gives a brief introduction of its concepts, methods, influence factors based on the international researches of patient values and preferences and a brief description of the development in China, in order to provide references for the development of evidence-based guidelines based on the consideration of patient values and preferences in the future.
Objective To investigate the effect on proliferation and apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells exposed to high glucose. Methods The cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with high glucose at concentrations of 10,20,30,40,50 mmol/L for 2,4,6,8,10,12,14 days,cpm value was studied by using tritium-labelled thymidine deoxyribose(3H-TdR)incorporation assay.Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis index,proliferation index and cell cycle. Results Treated with high glucose,the proliferation index and cpm were significantly reduced in a dose and time dependent manner than the control groups(Plt;0.05).The apoptosis index of HUVEC were higher compared with the control groups(Plt;0.05).The percent of the cultured cells in G1 phase in all high glucose groups were increased,the percent in S phase were largely decreased(Plt;0.05). Conclusion Exposed to high glucose,the apoptosis of HUVEC was accelerated and the suppressive effect of high glucose on the proliferation of HUVEC was observed.Endothelial cells were possibly arrested in G1/S checkpoint. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2000,16:177-180)
Objective To analyze the causes of pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and to review its diagnosis and treatment methods. Methods Domestic and abroad l iterature concerning pain after TKA was extensively reviewed and thoroughly analyzed. Results Pain after TKA was divided into intra-articular and extra-articular factors, systematic assessment, appropriate imaging, and laboratory tests were useful to confirm the diagnosis; targeted surgery could effectively rel ieve the pain. Conclusion The causes of pain after TKA are complex and diverse, the first step is to exclude intraarticular infection, for patients having a clear cause the appropriate surgery is effective. Otherwise revision should be carried outcautiously under condition of unexplained pain and conservative treatment can rel ieve pain to some degree.
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a series of structural cardiac abnormalities resulting from abnormal fetal heart development. With the prolongation of survival time, their cognitive function problems begin to be concerned. From fetus period to adulthood, people with complex CHD are more likely to have abnormalities in brains. Children with complex CHD have a significantly increased risk of developmental disorders in cognitive functions, such as intelligence, attention and psychosocial disorders. These diseases persist into their adulthood. Adults with CHD have earlier neurocognitive decline, poorer performance in intelligence, executive function, attention and academic achievement, and are more likely to have mood disorders, higher incidence of mental disorders and lower quality of life. This paper reviews the studies on cognitive function of adult patients with CHD from the dimension of the whole life cycle.
Abstract From 1980 to 1985, 21 cases of free transplantation of fibula were performed. There were 6 children in this series, and 4 children were followed up for 9 to 12 years (average 10 years). The Xray showed that distal epiphysis of tibia had a normal width at the medial side and gradully tapered toward the lateral side in a "wedgeshaped" apperance. The articular space of the tibiotalar joint inclined to the fibularside. The hight of the talus was higher laterally, leading to eversion deformity of the ankle joint. The medial and lateral malleoli were smaller than normal, and thus the ankle joint mortise became shallow. The trabeculae of the tibia were irregularly arranged. The lateral cortex of the tibia was thicker than that of the medial one. In one case, the bone density of the lateral side of the "wedgeshaped" epiphysis had increased as high as that ofthe cortex with disappearance of trabeculae. The biomechanics of fibular boneand the mechanism of development of disturbance of ankle joint in childhood were analyzed. Close attention should be paid to this disturbance.
Severe psychomotor developmental delay resulting from early postnatal (within 3 months) seizures can be diagnosed as Early-Infantile Developmental and Epileptic encephalopathies (EIDEE). Its primary etiologies include structural, hereditary, metabolic and etc. The main pathogenesis may be related to the inhibition of normal physiological activity of the brain by abnormal electrical activity and the damage of the brain neural network. Ohtahara syndrome and Early Myoclonic Encephalopathy (EME) are typical types of EIDEE. The principle of treatment is to improve the cognitive and developmental function by controlling frequent seizures. When the seizure is difficult to control with drugs, surgical evaluation should be performed as soon as possible, and surgical treatment is the first choice for patients suitable for surgery. The types of surgery can be divided into excision surgery, dissociation surgery, neuromodulation surgery and etc. The current status of surgical treatment of EIDEE was described, and the curative effect of surgical treatment was explored, so as to help clinicians choose appropriate treatment methods.
Adapting the existing guidelines in the context of specific regions can improve the efficiency of guidelines development, and reduce cost and time for developing guidelines. ADOLOPMENT is a methodological tool for guidelines adaptation, which was developed by the GRADE Working Group based on the standardized international guidelines making process. With ADOLOPMENT, developers can effectively use existing guidelines and evidence, avoid duplication of the evidence evaluation, and record the process from evidence to recommendations, which will ensure the transparency of adaptation, help users to understand the process, and improve the acceptability and credibility of guideline adaptation. This paper aims to introduce the ADOLOPMENT and its application.