Objective To systematically review the association between Chinese eye exercises and myopia onset in children and adolescents to provide a theoretical basis for clinical prevention of myopia. Methods The PubMed, Web of Science, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data and CBM databases were searched from inception to March 2022 to collect observational studies about the association between Chinese eye exercises and myopia onset in children and adolescents. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of 28 studies were included, including 217 112 subjects. The results of meta-analysis showed that doing eye exercises, doing eye exercises ≥2 times per day, doing eye exercises regularly or consistently, doing eye exercises seriously and doing eye exercises correctly and normatively were the protective factors of myopia onset in children and adolescents. Conclusion Current evidence shows that doing eye exercises, doing eye exercises ≥2 times per day, doing eye exercises regularly or consistently, doing eye exercises seriously, doing eye exercises correctly and normatively can prevent myopia onset in children and adolescents. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
The detection of electrocardiogram (ECG) characteristic wave is the basis of cardiovascular disease analysis and heart rate variability analysis. In order to solve the problems of low detection accuracy and poor real-time performance of ECG signal in the state of motion, this paper proposes a detection algorithm based on segmentation energy and stationary wavelet transform (SWT). Firstly, the energy of ECG signal is calculated by segmenting, and the energy candidate peak is obtained after moving average to detect QRS complex. Secondly, the QRS amplitude is set to zero and the fifth component of SWT is used to locate P wave and T wave. The experimental results show that compared with other algorithms, the algorithm in this paper has high accuracy in detecting QRS complex in different motion states. It only takes 0.22 s to detect QSR complex of a 30-minute ECG record, and the real-time performance is improved obviously. On the basis of QRS complex detection, the accuracy of P wave and T wave detection is higher than 95%. The results show that this method can improve the efficiency of ECG signal detection, and provide a new method for real-time ECG signal classification and cardiovascular disease diagnosis.
Objective To explore the predictive value of cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) combined with clinical indexes in the postoperative complications. Methods The clinical data and CPET data (including lung function) of patients undergoing radical esophagectomy in Xuzhou Central Hospital from January 2018 to March 2022 were collected. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the meaningful evaluation index for the occurrence of postoperative complications. Results A total of 77 patients with esophageal cancer were included, including 59 (76.6%) males and 18 (23.4%) females aged 47-80 years. There were 42 (54.5%) patients in the non-complication group and 35 (45.5%) patients in the complication group. Univariate analysis results showed that the occurrence of postoperative complications was significantly correlated with age, body mass index (BMI), smoking index, tumor stage, the length of postoperative hospital stay, peak work rate (WRpeak), peak kilogram oxygen uptake (VO2peak/kg), the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide slope (VE/VCO2 slope), forced expiratory volume in the first second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) and maximum expiratory flow rate (MMEF) (P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that BMI [OR=1.35, 95%CI (1.03, 1.77), P=0.031], peakVO2/kg [OR=0.64, 95%CI (0.45, 0.93), P=0.018], oxygen uptake-anaerobic threshold (ATVO2) [OR=0.66, 95%CI (0.44, 0.98), P=0.044] and VE/VCO2 slope [OR=1.49, 95%CI (1.10, 2.02), P=0.011] were the related indexes of complications after radical resection of esophageal cancer. The sensitivity of BMI, VO2peak/kg, ATVO2/kg and VE/VCO2 slope in predicting postoperative complications was 82.10%, and the specificity was 87.44%, 95%CI (0.744, 0.955). Conclusion BMI, VO2peak/kg, ATVO2/kg and VE/VCO2 slope can be used as predictors for postoperative complications of esophageal cancer.
This article presents the design of a treadmill of comprehensive training experiment for rats. The treadmill is composed of six tracks and two of them were designed as conventional plane, two were designed to swing right and left, and two were designed to swing back and forth. The power was provided by six motors. The MSP430F149 is used as core to adjust the swing rate and the grade of electric shock. The IAR for MSP430 is used to design the software. The speed of the six tracks could be adjusted between 0 and 30 m/min. The swing tracks of back and forth can be swung for 3-25 times per minute and the swing tracks of right and left for 3-32 times. The electric shock can be divided into three levels, i.e. strong, middle, and weak level for each track. The digital comprehensive training treadmill can meet different training needs, and provide experimental data for mechanism research of some related diseases.
Objective To assess the improvement of different resistance training regimens on blood lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods PubMed, ProQuest, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and VIP databases were searched to collect randomized controlled trials of resistance training intervention to improve blood lipids and insulin resistance in patients with T2DM. The search time range was from the establishment of the databases to May 2023. Two reviewers assessed the risk of bias of the included studies using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale, and performed a network meta-analysis of the extracted data using Stata 16.0 software. Results In the end, 24 articles were included, and a total of 983 participants were enrolled. The result of network meta-analysis showed that high-frequency and moderate-intensity resistance exercise significantly improved the levels of insulin resistance [standardized mean difference=−1.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) (−2.75, −0.67)], triglycerides [weighted mean difference (WMD)=−0.27 mmol/L, 95%CI (−0.51, −0.04) mmol/L], and total cholesterol [WMD=−0.16 mmol/L, 95%CI (−0.20, −0.12) mmol/L], but had no significant effect on improving the level of high-density lipoprotein [WMD=0.05 mmol/L, 95%CI (−0.02, 0.11) mmol/L] or low-density lipoprotein [WMD=−0.20 mmol/L, 95%CI (−0.42, 0.03) mmol/L]. The results of cumulative probability ranking showed that high-frequency and moderate-intensity resistance exercise was the best in improving insulin resistance, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein levels. Conclusion Based on current evidence, high-frequency and moderate-intensity resistance exercise may be the best resistance exercise regimen to improve insulin resistance and lipid metabolism in patients with T2DM.
Objectives To analyze the effect of sling exercise therapy on the walking ability of children with spastic hemiplegia and cerebral palsy, and to provide a scientific basis for clinical treatment. Methods Children with spastic hemiplegia and cerebral palsy who were treated in the Department of Rehabilitation of Children’s Hospital of Shanghai from July 2018 to July 2019 were selected as the research subjects. The children were divided into conventional treatment group and sling exercise therapy group by random number table method. The routine treatment group was given routine rehabilitation training, and the sling exercise therapy group was given combined sling exercise therapy on the basis of routine treatment. The Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM)-88-item E functional area score, Clinical Spasticity Index (CSI) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) score were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 36 children were included, with 18 cases in each group. There was no significant difference in gender, age and hemiplegia side between the two groups (P>0.05). All children completed the trial without adverse reactions. Before treatment, there was no significant difference in BBS, CSI and GMFM-88 E functional area scores between the two groups (P>0.05). After 3 months of treatment, the above scores of the two groups were improved compared with those before treatment (P<0.05). The improvement of the above scores in the sling exercise therapy group after treatment was better than that in the conventional treatment group. The difference of BBS, CSI, and GMFM-88 E functional area scores in the sling exercise therapy group before and after treatment was 8.94±4.15, 2.44±0.71, and 7.28±3.23, respectively, the difference of the above scores before and after treatment in the conventional treatment group was 4.50±4.15, 1.83±0.79, and 2.89±1.64, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Combined use of sling exercise therapy can better improve the walking ability of children with spastic hemiplegia and cerebral palsy, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of operative indication in patients with lung cancer accompanied by lung dysfunction using cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). Methods Before operation, using CPET with step program, work rate(W%), maximal oxygen uptake(VO2%P), maximal oxygen uptake per kilogram(VO2/kg) and other indexes were tested in the end of load exercise in 195 patients with lung cancer accompanied by lung dysfunction. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed for the abnormal rate of indexes mentioned above in patients with or without postoperative respiratory failure. Results After pneumonectomy, W%,VO2%P, VO2/kg, metabolic equivalent (MET), minute ventilation(VE) and respiratory frequency(BF) in patients with postoperative respiratory failure were lower than those in patients with non-postoperative respiratory failure (Plt;0.05 or 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that VElt;30 L/min and (BFlt;30) times/min were more related to the morbidity of postoperative respiratory failure than other indexes. As for the patients with lung dysfunction treated by lobectomy, this indexes didn’t show any significant difference between patients with or without postoperative respiratory failure. However, this indexes decreased in patients with postoperative respiratory failure whose ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity (FEV1%) were lower than 60%(Plt;0.05 or 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that VO2%Plt;60% related to the morbidity of postoperative respiratory failure. Conclusion CPET is useful to evaluate the operative indication in patients with lung cancer accompanied by lung dysfunction. VO2%Plt;60% should be selected as a evaluating index.
Sarcopenia, a skeletal muscle degenerative condition, is inextricably linked to the physiological processes of aging. Sarcopenia is characterized by a reduction in muscle mass, a decline in muscle strength, and/or deterioration of physical function. Comprehensive interventions are essential for the management of sarcopenia. This patient version of guideline has been developed by adapting the " Comprehensive intervention for sarcopenia among older adults: an evidence-based clinical practice guideline." This patient version of guideline is designed to enhance health education and promote the widespread adoption of comprehensive intervention strategies for sarcopenia.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of 24-week intradialytic progressive resistance exercise on hemoglobin and iron metabolism in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.MethodsFrom April to May 2019, 62 MHD patients were enrolled and randomly assigned into exercise group (n=31) and control group (n=31). Both groups of patients received regular routine hemodialysis, on that basis, patients in the exercise group completed intradialytic resistance exercise three times per week for 24 weeks. Each exercise included 8-10 muscle groups (grasping the grip ring with both hands, flexion and extension of the elbows and shoulders on the non-vascular side and lower limbs with sandbag), 3 sets of 15 repetitions with a rest of 1-2 min between 2 sets. Exercise began with a low load, the sandbag weight was gradually increased, and the Borg score was aimed to be 11-13 points after exercise. Hemoglobin, serum ferritin, transferrin saturation, serum creatinine, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, urea clearance index, recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) dosage at baseline and after 24 weeks, as well as the cumulative iron supplement dose and hemoglobin variation of the two groups during the study period were evaluated.ResultsThere were 20 patients in the exercise group and 30 ones in the control group who completed the study. After 24 weeks of progressive resistance exercise, the medium (lower quartile, upper quartile) of the amount of rHuEPO in the exercise group decreased from 6 000 (6 000, 9 000) U/week to 6 000 (4 500, 7 125) U/week (Z=−2.599, P=0.009), while that in the control group had no statistically significant difference (Z=−1.340, P=0.180); there was no statistically difference in hemoglobin, hemoglobin coefficient of variation, serum ferritin, transferrin saturation, or 24-week cumulative iron supplementation between the two groups.ConclusionIntradialytic progressive resistance exercise can reduce the amount of rHuEPO in MHD patients, which is benefitial to optimizing the management of hemoglobin.
This paper briefly introduces the basic concepts, development history, basic principles, main treatment and evaluation technologies, development status, existing problems and development trends of aquatic therapeutic exercise, and summarizes the new progress of aquatic therapeutic exercise in basic medical research and evidence-based medical research through literature analysis. It aims to provide a reference for clinical treatment, scientific research and medical education for practitioners in rehabilitation medicine and related fields by systematically analyzing the scientific principles, technical systems, application fields and evidence-based foundation of aquatic therapeutic exercise, and improve the awareness rate and application rate of aquatic therapeutic exercise in the fields of rehabilitation medicine, sports medicine, geriatrics, etc., promote the standardized development of aquatic rehabilitation.