Objective To study traits and influencing factors of coping styles in the military groups of social emergency responders for special service and provide a theoretical basis for epidemiologic intervention. Methods A cross-sectional survey on coping styles and their influencing variables was carried out among 12 special service companies from Armed Police Forces and Fire Units of Public Security stationed in Chongqing by means of cluster sampling. Then, different coping styles were compared with general military personnel, the types and maturity degree of coping behaviors were evaluated, and major influencing variables were screened. Results Of 396 subjects, 86.36% had field experience in handling emergencies. The population’s average levels of coping styles are significantly higher than the military norm (P≤0.01), and the overall type of coping behaviors is mature. Although the relevance between the performance type and the number of 6 coping styles scores reaching the military masculine norm is significant (Plt;0.001), the Pearson contingency coefficient（c=0.23）represents a relatively limited maturity in coping styles. In view of direction and extent effects of various influencing factors, lack of survival skills, disaccord on self and experience, self-inferiority as well as self-stereotypes are negative factors. In addition to social support, self-flexibility responsibility may be positive factors. Use of social support, disaccord on self and experience, self-confidence and knowledge about danger-avoiding take universal impacts, and other factors take single impact on a certain coping style. Conclusion Coping styles in military groups of social emergency responders for special service are comparatively mature and stable, but there are significantly individual differences and a wide range of influencing factors. So, it is very necessary to advance maturity in coping styles through targeted interventions.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Salvia Miltiorrhiza (SM) and Shengmai injection （SI） in treating systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and their mechanism. Methods The animal model of SIRS was established by injectinglipopolysaccharide(LPS, 1 mg/kg)intraperitoneally. Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, SM group, SI group and combined treatment group (SM+SI group), which were treated with normal saline（5 ml/kg） plus LPS（1 mg/kg）, SM（5 ml/kg）plus LPSKG4（1 mg/kg）, SI（5 ml/kg）plus LPS（1 mg/kg）, SM（2.5 ml/kg） plus SI（2.5 ml/kg） and LPS（1 mg/kg） respectively. Six rats of each group were sacrificed for sample collection of blood, liver, lung and kidney 8 hours after LPS injection. Blood routine, serum TNF-α and IL-6 were measured. Specimen of organs were fixed in formalin and sent for routine pathological examination. The survival of other 4 rats of each group were observed untill 48 hours after LPS injection. SPSS 10.0 was used in statistical analysis. Results Two rats in control group died 13 hours and 22 hours after LPS injection respectively, the remaining 2 rats in this group and the rats in other 3 groups survived 48 hours after LPS injection. The white blood cell count of control group was significantly higher than that of other groups. The serum TNF-α and IL-6 of control group were significantly more than those of other groups. Pathological damages were found in all groups, and the most severe ones were in control group. SM and SI could decrease the level of serum TNF-α and IL-6 in the process of LPS-stimulated SIRS, down-regulate the severe inflammatory response, attenuate organ damages of the liver, lung and kidney, and increase forty-eihgt-hour survival rate obviously. Conclusion The experiment provides a theoretical base for clinical use of SM and SI in treatment of SIRS.
Objective To evaluate the immunological reaction and the outcome of allogeneic chondrocyte transplantation in repairing articular cartilage defects in porcins. Methods Full articular cartilage from the knee of two Shanghai white porcins about one-month-old was removed and cut mechanically, digested by 0.25% trypsin and 0.2% type Ⅱ collagenase and cultured in 10％ DMEM medium. Defects of 0.5 cm×0.5 cm involving the subchodral bone were created in both the left and right femur condyloid in 8 two-month-old Yunnai bama porcins. Allogeneic chondrocyte transplantation were implanted in defects at a density of (1.0-2.0)×106,0.2 ml. The lymphocytes from the receivers’ blood were collected before transplantation and after 3, 5, 7 and 12 weeks of transplantation, then mixed with allogeneic chondrocytes to determin the lymphocyte stimulation index(SI) in vitro. The histological observation in vivo was made after 5, 7 and 24 weeks of transplantation. Results Lymphocyte SI at 3, 5, 7 and 12 weeks(1.457±0.062,1.739±0.142,1.548±0.047，1.216±0.028) after transplantation was higher than that before transplantation(1.102±0.034，Plt;0.05). SI began to increase in the 3rd week and reached the peak value in the 5th week, then gradually declined at the 7th and 12th weeks, showing significant differences when compared with in the 5th week (Plt;0.05). Inflammation and lymphocytes infiltration could be seen in subchondral bone and the intergration area between repair tissue and normal cartilage in the 5th week, and then decreased and limited in subchondral bone in the 7th week. Defects were filled with cartilage tissue, which had good intergration with subchondral bone at 24 weeks after transplantation. Conclusion Immunological reactions can be found at early stage of allogeneic chondrocyte transplantation and then decreased with the time, the fullthickness articular cartilage defects could be repaired mainlywith hyaline cartilage by the allogeneic chondrocyte transplantation. This may provide a new method to repair articular cartilage defects clinically.
Objective To explore the characteristics of vibration response imaging ( VRI) among heavy smokers whose pulmonary function is normal. Methods 67 heavy smokers with normal pulmonary function, 60 healthy non-smokers, and 60 patients with COPD were recruited. History taking, physical examination, lung function test, chest X-ray, and VRI examination were performed. The difference of VRI dynamic imaging between the three groups was analyzed. Results VRI vibration energy curve which appeared low, flat, sunken-in, and single peak accounted for 43.3% , 16.4% , 16.4% , and 14.9% respectively in the heavy smokers, accounted for 6.7% , 3.3% ,0% , and 0% respectively in the healthy nonsmokers, accounted for 60% , 33.3% , 18.3% , and 16.7% respectively in the COPD patients. The results between the heavy smokers and the healthy non-smokers were significantly different. Compared with the heavy smokers, the COPD patients exhibited more low and flat in expiration period. The energy peak value ratio of inspiration and expiration phase in the heavy smokers, the healthy non-smokers, and the COPD patients were 0.56,0.74, and 0.54 respectively. There was no significant difference between the heavy smokers and the COPD patients in peak value ratio of inspiration and expiration phase. Conclusion The vibration energy curve of the VRI in heavy smokers with normal pulmonary function is significantly different fromhealthy nonsmokers, but there is no significant difference between heavy smokers and COPD patients.
Objective To design and construct the eukaryotic expressed vector of suicide genes, which contained 5 copies of hypoxia-responsive element (5HRE), promoter of alpha-fetoprotein gene (AFPp） and nitroreductase from Escherichia coli. Methods The constructing processes were as follows: ①The design of primer: Suicide genes of NTR in the Escherichia coli, which contained 6his-tag gene (6his-tag), were cloned by overlapping PCR. ②The construction of 5HRE: The single strand of synthetized HRE oligonucleotide was annealed, and 5HRE was constructed by multiple recombinant clone. ③The recombination of NTR gene, 5HRE, AFPp and pIRES2-EGFP: pIRES2-EGFP, which had removed the instant early promoter of cytomegalovirus, was recombined with NTR gene, 5HRE, AFPp. In this way, the eukaryotic expressed vector of pIRES2-EGFP-5HRE-AFPp-NTR, which carried NTR gene, 5HRE, AFPp was finally constructed. Results NTR gene, which contained the fusion of 684-base pair and 6his-tag gene, was cloned successfully, and its sequence was coincident with the result published by Genbank. A 221-base pair of 5HRE was also constructed, which was in accordance with the expected sequences. The integrity of the eukaryotic expressed vector was verified by restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequence analysis, respectively. Conclusion The eukaryotic expressed vector of pIRES2-EGFP-5HRE-AFPp-NTR is successfully constructed, which may be used for its further investigation in vitro.
The scalp-recorded auditory steady-state response (ASSR) is a periodically evoked potential in response to the stimulation with the acoustical property in the same period. The ASSR can be readily induced in comparison with transient responses for specific conditions. The clinical utility of ASSR may be unjustified for the ambiguity of the genesis. With the advance of relevant research, it is considered that the main generation hypotheses of the ASSR are conceived to be pertinent with the linear superposition or neural entrainment mechanism. Based on current findings and our contributions in this field, we introduce recent progresses of the two mechanisms with comments, and suggest the benefit of the rapid stimulation technology in this regard.
Objective To evaluate the value of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 F-FDG) metabolism imaging in evaluating the response of patients with non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC) in stable diseaseafter chemotherapy. Methods 28 patients with NSCLC in stable disease after chemotherapy admitted between September 2010 to September 2012 were retrospectively investigated. The reduction ratio of targetto-nontarget ratio ( T/N) before and after chemotherapy was calculated. The patients were followed up 3 to 12 months to measure progression-free survival ( PFS) . The correlation between the reduction ratio of T/N and PFS was analyzed. The patients were divided into a reduction group and a non-reduction group according to the difference of the reduction ratio of T/N and was compared the difference of the PFS.Results The reduction ratio of T/N had positive correlation with PFS( Pearson r = 0. 668, P lt; 0. 01) . The PFS of the reduction group was longer than that in the non-reduction group ( 8. 0 ±2. 5 months vs. 5. 3 ±1. 2 months,P lt;0. 05) . Conclusions The reduction ratio of T/N is positively correlated with PFS in NSCLC patients in stable disease after chemotherapy. It is possible to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment according to the reduction ratio of T/N.
Objective To investigate the effects of QUE on proliferation and DNA synthesis of cultured retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) cells with or without EGF. Methods With or without EGF, cultured RPE cells were treated with QUE by various concentrations(200,100,50,1mu;mol/L) and with QUE 200mu;mol/L at different times(24-168 hr), cells proliferation and DNA synthesis were evaluated by cell count method and the uptake of thymidine. The viability of cells was determined by trypanblue exclusion. Results The best concentration of QUE which inhibits proliferation and DNA synthesis of PRE cells was 200mu;mol/L. The significant inhibition effect of QUE occurred at 48hr, and the best inhibition of QUE occurred at 96hr. QUE had more powerful effect of antiproliferation on RPE cells, and the viability of RPE cells was over85%. Conclusion The results suggested that QUE could inhibit the proliferation of RPE cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, especially inhibit the proliferation induced by EGF stimulating. QUE had no cyto-toxic effect on RPE cells cultured in vitro. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1999,15:27-29)
ObjectiveTo study the clinical value of procalcitonin (PCT), WBC count, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in diagnosis of common bile duct stones with acute bile duct infection and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).MethodsA total of 80 patients with bile duct stones were retrospectively analyzed, which were divided into two groups, SIRS group (n=40) and non-SIRS group (n=40). The numerical value of PCT, WBC count, and CRP were detected on 1, 4, and 7 day after admission, and calculated the score of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) on 1 day after admission. Then analyzed the clinical value of PCT, WBC count, and CRP in diagnosis of common bile duct stones with acute bile duct infection and SIRS.ResultsEach area under the ROC curve of PCT, CRP, and WBC count were 0.81, 0.78, and 0.72, respectively, with significant difference (P<0.05). The PCT, CRP, and WBC count had a certain accuracy in diagnosis of common bile duct stones with acute bile duct infection and SIRS. The positive-relationship between PCT, CRP, WBC count and APACHE Ⅱ score was significant (r=0.91, P<0.01; r=0.88, P<0.01; r=0.69, P<0.01).ConclusionTo detect the numerical value of PCT, WBC count, and CRP had significant clinical value in diagnosis of common bile duct stones with acute bile duct infection and SIRS.