ObjectiveTo summarizes the mechanisms of carcinogenesis of colorectal cells, the occurrence and development of cancer cells, and their interactions with the tumor niche of colorectal cancer (CRC) from the perspective of the tumor niche, exploring new ideas for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of CRC. MethodThe relevant literature at home and abroad in recent years on the researches of mechanism of the occurrence and development of CRC and its relation with the tumor niche of CRC was searched and reviewed. ResultsThe theory of tumor ecology indicates that the human normal body can be regarded as a relatively closed and perfect ecosystem. Each normal tissue and organ within the body represents a niche in this ecosystem, which interact, affect, and symbiotically coexist with each other, forming a dynamic ecological balance. Tumor cells, being a “new species” distinct from normal tissue cells, “invade” the ecological system of the normal body under specific conditions and interact with the surrounding microenvironment, which is defined as the tumor niche. Analysis of current literature retrieved from the perspective of the tumor niche suggested that although genetic factors are involved in the carcinogenesis of colorectal cells, the majority of such carcinogenesis stems from the continuous stimulation of the colorectal niche. Current research primarily focuses on the conclusion that the carcinogenesis of colorectal cells is associated with factors such as chronic inflammatory response, intestinal microorganisms, oxidative stress, and pyroptosis. After carcinogenesis and the eventual formation of colorectal cancer, the growth of cancer cells and tissues first requires breaching the defense of the immune system in the colorectal niche. Immune cells in the immune system play a crucial role in the tumor niche during the occurrence and development of CRC. ConclusionsThe proposal of the tumor niche concept enables researchers, when studying the mechanisms of tumor occurrence and development, to no longer merely focus on the tumor and its microenvironment. Instead, the tumor as a part of the body's ecosystem was studied. Components of the tumor niche, such as chronic inflammatory responses, intestinal microorganisms, oxidative stress, pyroptosis, and immune system, have a significant impact on the mechanisms of carcinogenesis of most colorectal cells, as well as the occurrence and development of cancer cells. These factors influence the progression of CRC in various aspects.