Objective To construct the expression vector of HLA-G-shRNA and investigate the effect of HLA-GshRNA from NK cell lysis. Methods Four HLA-G shRNA plasmids were constructed and transiently transfected to Bel-7402 cell lines， the levels of mRNA and protein of HLA-G were detected by Real-Time PCR and Western blot. The cytotoxicity of NK-92MI cells against the transfected cells was analyzed by LDH releasing assay. Results The gel electrophoresis and sequencing showed that the inserted sequence was identical to the one which we designed, and no aberrations such as mutation，deletion or insertion occurred. The expressions of HLA-G confirmed by Real Time-PCR and Western blot were significantly down-regulated. Bel-7402 cell lines transfected HLA-G shRNA showed higher lytic activity （P＜0.01）. After KIR2DL4 receptor blocked，lytic activity of NK-92 MI cell were decreased （P＜0.01）. Conclusions HLA-G shRNA plasmids are successfully constructed and HLA-G down-regulated can increase NK cytolysis against Bel-7402 cell. After HLA-G combines with KIR2DL4 receptor at the surface of NK cells， the inhibition effect is transferred.
ObjectiveTo explore it's advantages and disadvantages through analyzed the data of associating liver partition with portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) operation in 3 cases of liver cancer patients with cirrhosis. MethodsThe data of 3 patients perfomed ALPPS operation were retrospectively analyzed, through the preoperative evaluation, intraoperative and postoperative treatment points analyzed to explore the pros and cons. ResultsOne case died of hepatic failure, and the remaining two cases were still alive. The highest score of MELD of liver failure in death case was 18.8 scores, and the other cases of MELD score were decreased after second operation. The average increased volume of liver was 225 mL, and the liver volume was significantly increased (P=0.002). ConclusionsALPPS make a portion of huge liver cancer patients combining with cirrhosis having a chance to surgery. But it is necessary to consider in patients with preoperative state, surgical risk, prognosis and economic conditions,in order to determine whether patients can benefit from ALPPS.
ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of adrenomedullin (ADM) in human liver cancer and to evaluate its clinical signigicance. MethodsA total of 54 patients with liver cancer who underwent surgery between January 2012 and November 2013 and another 18 benigh tissue samples were selected. Immuohistochemical staining (SP staining) was performed to detect the expression of ADM in liver cancer, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to determine the concentration of ADM in the patients and controls, and the relationship was retrospectively analyzed between the expression of ADM in liver cancer and the clinicobiological features. Besides, 60 inpatients with liver cancer and 40 health people under went physical examination between January and June 2013 were selected, whose expression of ADM in plasma was deteced. ResultsThe expression of ADM in liver cancer was significantly higher than that in the normal tissues (P<0.01). There was a significant relationship between the expression of ADM and the differentiation grade in liver cancer (P<0.05), and there was no relationship between the expression of ADM and age, histological type and American Joint Committen on Cancer (AJCC) stage (P>0.05). The expression of ADM in the plasma in liver cancer group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). There was a significant relationship between the expression of ADM in the plasma and AJCC stage (P<0.05). ConclusionThe expression of ADM significantly increases in patients with liver cancer, which is associated with the differentiation grades of the liver cancer. ADM may play an important role in the occurrence and development of liver cancer.
ObjectiveTo understand the role of metformin on reducing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2MD) patients complicated with liver cancer. MethodThe related literatures of metformin treated patients with T2MD complicated with liver cancer at home and abroad in recent years were reviewed. ResultsA large number of epidemiological and clinical data showed that the metformin might prevent the occurrence of the T2MD patients complicated with liver cancer, its mechanism was mainly inhibited the proliferation of hepatoma cells through the ATM-LKB1-AMPK-mTOR pathway, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, or miRNA. The current controversy was the authenticity of the data, the influencing factors included the aging problem and characteristics of metformin user. The prospective study design rigorous remained to be clarified. ConclusionMetformin could reduce the incidence of T2MD patients complicated with liver cancer, and could inhibit the growth of liver cancer cells, which provides a new way of thinking for the comprehensive treatment of liver cancer.
Objective To evaluate the suitability of the biodegradable microsphere encapsulation of adenovirus as a targeting vector for gene therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Encapsulate the recombinant adenovirus in PLG 〔poly (lactic/glycolic)〕 copolymer by the solution evaporation method, the release test and the bioactivity of viruses incorporated in vitro were studied. Results More than 19.3% of adenovirus was encapsulated in PLG microspheres. The release test shows that the adenovirus was released for more than 200 h, 50% were shed within the first 100 h, and their activity was retained. Conclusion Recombinant adenovirus can be formulated in a polymer preparation of PLG with retention of bioactivity. It may be a valuable vector for the gene therapy of liver cancer.
Objective To Investigate the indications, surgical technique and perioperative management of orthotopic liver transplantation.Methods Orthotopic liver transplantation was successfully performed on a unresectable liver cancer on caudate lobe, 2 cases with Caroli’s disease and 7 cases with advanced liver cirrohosis. A 11 year’s old girl with Caroli’s disease was performed on one reduced size liver transplantation (RSLT). Results The recovery of liver graft function was good after the operation in those patients without perioperative death. The case of liver cancer died of recurrent cancer on the 139th postoperative day, 1 case died of severe fungus infection and one died of gastric stress ulcer perforation, other 7 cases recovered well without complications. Conclusion The results suggest that unresectable central liver cancer, terminal liver cirrohosis or benign liver diseases combined with severe liver disfunction are good indications for liver transplantation. Good surgical technique and perioperative management are key points to succucess of the liver transplantation.
Objective To investigate the reasons and preventions of bleeding after percutaneous microwave ablation for liver cancer. Methods The data of 156 patients with liver cancer between September 2006 and December 2009 treated with percutaneous microwave ablation (226 times) were recorded. The reasons and preventions of bleeding after percutaneous microwave ablation were analyzed. Results Eleven patients (11 times) suffered from bleeding. The rate of bleeding is 4.87% (11/226), including 2 cases of biliary bleeding, 9 cases of intraperitoneal hemorrhage. All patients who suffered from bleeding firstly received medical therapy to control bleeding, 5 cases were successful; in the other 6 cases who failed in medical therapy, 1 case was stopped bleeding with opening procedures, 4 cases received transcatheter embolization to stop bleeding with gelatin sponge, 1 case died due to excessive blood loss. According to Chi-square test result, the bleeding was significantly related with liver cirrhosis, lower platelet count, obvious prolongation of prothrombin time, subcapsular tumor, Child-Pugh B/C grade, and re-ablation （P=0.044, 0.041, 0.028, 0.001, 0.016, 0.016）. The multiple variables logistic regression analysis showed that liver cirrhosis, platelet count, prothrombin time, location of tumor, and Child-Pugh grade were the influential factors of bleeding after microwave ablation （OR=5.273, P=0.036; OR=8.534, P=0.043; OR=4.893, P=0.045; OR=7.747, P=0.010; OR=6.882, P=0.015）. Conclusions There were some factors were significantly related with the bleeding after percutaneous microwave ablation: liver cirrhosis, abnormal blood clotting function （lower platelet count and prolongation of prothrombin time）, tumor located on the surface of liver, and Child-Pugh C grade. When failed to stop bleeding with medical therapy, transcatheter embolization is an effective method to control bleeding.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) therapy and digestive system neoplasms.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP and CBM databases were searched from inception to February 2017 to collect studies about ACEIs/ARBs therapy and risk of digestive system neoplasms or survival of digestive system neoplasms patients. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted the data and evaluated the risk of bias of included studies, then meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software.ResultsA total of 21 articles including 32 studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that ACEIs/ARBs therapy could reduce the risk of colorectal cancer (OR=0.92, 95%CI 0.86 to 0.99, P=0.023), but there were no relationships between ACEIs/ARBs therapy and the risk of liver cancer or gastric cancer. ACEIs/ARBs therapy could improve the survival of colorectal cancer patients (HR=0.79, 95%CI 0.63 to 0.98, P=0.031), but there was no association between ACEIs/ARBs therapy and the survival of pancreatic cancer patients (HR=0.75, 95%CI 0.50 to 1.13, P=0.165).ConclusionACEIs/ARBs therapy may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer, as well as improve the survival of colorectal cancer patients, but there are no significant relationships between ACEIs/ARBs therapy and the risk or the survival of other digestive system neoplasms, such as liver cancer, gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are needed to verify above conclusion.
Objective To probe into the significance of tuftsin in patients with liver cancer. MethodsThe serum tuftsin level of 12 patients with liver cancer before and after the resection，20 cirrhostic and 20 normal controls were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). ResultsTuftsin level in preoperative group （449±106） ng/ml was much lower than that in postoperative group (588±129) ng/ml，cirrhotics group (580±187) ng/ml and control group (703±128) ng/ml (P＜0.01). The tuftsin level in postoperative group was also quite lower than that in control group (P＜0.01). Conclusion We should try our best to excise the liver cancer so that a higher tuftsin level might be obtained which can activate NK cell and T cell.
ObjectiveTo study the feasibility of the establishment of transplantated hepatic cancer models in SD rats. MethodsThe male weaning SD rats were inoculated and transgenerated from the celiar transplantation tumor rats (W2562k) by intraperitoneal injection of abdominal fluid of tumor cells, another weaningSD rats were prepared for the models of solid tumor by subcutaneous inoculation of the abdominal fluid of tumor cells. The solid tumors were cut to pieces of 0.2 cm×0.2 cm×0.3 cm,which were implanted into the liver of the adult male SD rats, and the transplantation hepative tumor models were established. After 7 days, the volume and weight of tumor mass was measured. ResultsThe successful rate of model was 100% (82/82), the natural extinctive rate was 0 (0/82), the successful rate of inoculation was 100% (15/15). ConclusionSD rats are economical, the successful rate of model was high, the natural extinctive low, so the SD rats are ideal selection in establishing transplantation liver cancer model.